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Volume 17
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Review

A Review on Advances in the Use of Raw and Modified Agricultural Lignocellulosic Residues in Mono- and Multicomponent Continuous Adsorption of Inorganic Pollutants for Upscaling Technologies

by
Ricardo Silva Coelho
1,2,
Liliane Catone Soares
1,
Oscar Fernando Herrera Adarme
3,
Luisa Cardoso Maia
1,2,
Camila Stéfanne Dias Costa
1,2,
Eric Guibal
4 and
Leandro Vinícius Alves Gurgel
1,*
1
Group of Physical Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Rua Quatro, 786, Bauxita, Ouro Preto 35402-136, MG, Brazil
2
Environmental Engineering Graduate Program (ProAmb), School of Mines, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Rua Nove, s/n, Bauxita, Ouro Preto 35402-163, MG, Brazil
3
Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Av. Cândido Rondon, 501, Campinas 13083-875, SP, Brazil
4
Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), IMT Mines Ales, 30100 Ales, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Polymers 2025, 17(7), 953; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17070953
Submission received: 23 January 2025 / Revised: 26 March 2025 / Accepted: 27 March 2025 / Published: 31 March 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Polymer Materials in Water Purification)
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Abstract

Using raw and modified lignocellulosic residues as bioadsorbents in continuous adsorption is challenging but it marks significant progress in water treatment and the transition to a bio-based circular economy. This study reviews the application of bioadsorbents in fixed-bed columns for treating water contaminated with inorganic species, offering guidance for future research. It evaluates chemical modifications to enhance adsorptive properties, explores adsorption mechanisms, and analyzes bioadsorbent performance under competitive adsorption conditions. Analysis of adsorption data included evaluation of adsorption capacity in mono- and multicomponent solutions, regeneration, reuse, bed efficiency, and disposal of spent bioadsorbents. This enabled assessing their scalability to sufficiently high levels of maturity for commercialization. In multicomponent solutions, selectivity was influenced by the characteristics of the bioadsorbents and by competitive adsorption among inorganic species. This affected adsorption performance, increasing the complexity of breakthrough curve modeling and controlling the biomaterial selectivity. Models for mono- and multicomponent systems are presented, including mass transfer equations and alternatives including “bell-type” equations for overshooting phenomena and innovative approaches using artificial neural networks and machine learning. The criteria discussed will assist in improving studies conducted from cradle (synthesis of new biomaterials) to grave (end use or disposal), contributing to accurate decision making for transferring the developed technology to an industrial scale and evaluating the technical and economic feasibility of bioadsorbents.
Keywords: bioadsorbent; competitive adsorption; fixed-bed column; modeling; overshooting; water treatment bioadsorbent; competitive adsorption; fixed-bed column; modeling; overshooting; water treatment
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MDPI and ACS Style

Coelho, R.S.; Soares, L.C.; Adarme, O.F.H.; Maia, L.C.; Costa, C.S.D.; Guibal, E.; Gurgel, L.V.A. A Review on Advances in the Use of Raw and Modified Agricultural Lignocellulosic Residues in Mono- and Multicomponent Continuous Adsorption of Inorganic Pollutants for Upscaling Technologies. Polymers 2025, 17, 953. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17070953

AMA Style

Coelho RS, Soares LC, Adarme OFH, Maia LC, Costa CSD, Guibal E, Gurgel LVA. A Review on Advances in the Use of Raw and Modified Agricultural Lignocellulosic Residues in Mono- and Multicomponent Continuous Adsorption of Inorganic Pollutants for Upscaling Technologies. Polymers. 2025; 17(7):953. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17070953

Chicago/Turabian Style

Coelho, Ricardo Silva, Liliane Catone Soares, Oscar Fernando Herrera Adarme, Luisa Cardoso Maia, Camila Stéfanne Dias Costa, Eric Guibal, and Leandro Vinícius Alves Gurgel. 2025. "A Review on Advances in the Use of Raw and Modified Agricultural Lignocellulosic Residues in Mono- and Multicomponent Continuous Adsorption of Inorganic Pollutants for Upscaling Technologies" Polymers 17, no. 7: 953. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17070953

APA Style

Coelho, R. S., Soares, L. C., Adarme, O. F. H., Maia, L. C., Costa, C. S. D., Guibal, E., & Gurgel, L. V. A. (2025). A Review on Advances in the Use of Raw and Modified Agricultural Lignocellulosic Residues in Mono- and Multicomponent Continuous Adsorption of Inorganic Pollutants for Upscaling Technologies. Polymers, 17(7), 953. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17070953

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