Fertilizer Application Levels in Potato Crops and the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Site, Soil, and Climate
2.2. Crop Management, Treatments, and Measurements
2.3. Calculated Parameters
3. Results
3.1. Agata Cultivated in Unaí-MG
3.2. Atlantic Cultivated in Unaí-MG
3.3. Agata Cultivated in Mucugê-BA
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Soil Characteristics | Mucugê-BA (Agata) | Unaí-MG (Agata) | Unaí-MG (Atlantic) |
---|---|---|---|
Water pH value | 5.7 | 5.2 | 5.3 |
P (mg dm−3) | 11.7 | 14.5 | 17.0 |
K (cmolc dm−3) | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.23 |
Ca (cmolc dm−3) | 1.3 | 2.9 | 3.2 |
Mg (cmolc dm−3) | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.9 |
H + Al (cmolc dm−3) | 1.8 | 3.5 | 3.6 |
Cation exchange capacity (cmolc dm−3) | 3.7 | 7.7 | 7.9 |
Base saturation (%) | 51.9 | 54.6 | 54.4 |
DRIS Indices of High Productivity Groups | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nutrient (kg ha−1) | N | P | K | Ca | Mg | S | B | Cu | Fe | Mn | Zn | IBN |
N120 | −1.26 | 2.73 | −2.85 | −0.05 | −5.97 | −2.36 | −9.81 | 4.35 | 13.47 | 3.90 | −2.15 | 48.87 |
K110 | 2.32 | −7.67 | −0.28 | −4.57 | 1.86 | −2.77 | 9.39 | 6.64 | −12.30 | 8.79 | −1.42 | 58.03 |
K220 | 2.54 | 2.55 | −1.12 | −12.94 | 2.58 | 3.94 | 9.18 | −0.82 | −1.76 | −0.99 | −3.15 | 41.56 |
K70 | 1.66 | −8.28 | −1.63 | 5.22 | 15.51 | −2.86 | 6.57 | −12.07 | −8.20 | 3.23 | 0.86 | 66.08 |
N30 | −7.07 | 1.14 | 0.63 | 12.48 | −6.18 | −3.48 | −1.20 | 14.79 | 8.80 | −13.65 | −6.25 | 75.67 |
N70 | −4.27 | 8.22 | 1.20 | 7.35 | −3.39 | 6.18 | −6.07 | 6.35 | 2.49 | −1.65 | −16.42 | 63.57 |
K450 | 3.56 | 7.22 | 3.04 | −6.34 | −1.38 | −0.92 | −6.85 | 9.21 | −1.08 | −4.33 | −2.13 | 46.06 |
K0 | 0.27 | −12.70 | −12.66 | 6.40 | 15.90 | −1.96 | 16.17 | −16.04 | −1.78 | −1.83 | 8.23 | 93.94 |
N280 | −5.02 | −4.54 | −1.89 | 0.17 | −5.65 | 3.28 | −19.81 | 4.77 | 14.33 | 15.15 | −0.79 | 75.40 |
P600 | 5.02 | 8.37 | 4.26 | −5.16 | −7.75 | 2.19 | −5.19 | −8.87 | −9.02 | 2.73 | 13.42 | 71.98 |
N0 | −8.89 | 1.80 | 3.18 | 6.95 | −5.58 | 0.00 | −1.49 | 13.97 | 7.34 | −11.30 | −5.97 | 66.48 |
P900 | 7.54 | 7.43 | 4.31 | −5.18 | −0.61 | −7.25 | 8.46 | −11.93 | −7.02 | −6.57 | 10.81 | 77.11 |
65.40 | ||||||||||||
DRIS Indices of Low Productivity Groups | ||||||||||||
P0 | 9.96 | −25.79 | 15.52 | −15.94 | −6.29 | 12.22 | −3.70 | −16.10 | −0.94 | 22.93 | 8.12 | 137.50 |
P150 | 10.96 | −36.69 | 16.35 | −14.62 | −3.11 | 33.91 | −4.47 | −6.20 | −7.20 | 4.76 | 6.33 | 144.59 |
P300 | 9.87 | −34.79 | 19.53 | −15.17 | −1.04 | 10.66 | −8.68 | −8.11 | 0.35 | 9.84 | 17.55 | 135.59 |
139.23 |
DRIS Indices of High Productivity Groups | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nutrient (kg ha−1) | N | P | K | Ca | Mg | S | B | Cu | Fe | Mn | Zn | IBN |
N120 | 7.52 | 1.04 | 8.89 | −0.61 | −14.25 | 3.41 | −3.11 | −4.44 | −6.25 | 8.04 | −0.25 | 57.83 |
P600 | −8.02 | −2.64 | 3.29 | 2.08 | 6.04 | −5.03 | 5.46 | −1.77 | 12.67 | −12.13 | 0.05 | 59.18 |
K110 | 10.28 | −7.08 | −10.00 | −1.09 | 1.50 | −2.02 | −3.75 | 12.33 | −5.40 | 2.84 | 2.40 | 58.68 |
P300 | −13.90 | −4.36 | 1.35 | 2.28 | 8.72 | −3.25 | 8.91 | 0.18 | 4.92 | −3.95 | −0.92 | 52.73 |
N280 | 15.74 | 12.60 | 10.43 | −10.41 | −11.19 | −2.65 | 0.80 | −2379 | −4.40 | 22.14 | −9.27 | 123.41 |
N70 | −4.53 | 2.99 | 6.83 | −2.03 | −12.63 | −4.11 | −5.59 | −0.95 | 9.86 | 8.53 | 1.63 | 59.68 |
P900 | −3.92 | 16.38 | 4.28 | 14.90 | 9.85 | −13.75 | −1.05 | −5.07 | −6.40 | −15.00 | −0.21 | 90.80 |
K220 | 0.13 | 1.62 | −10.03 | −4.87 | −2.73 | 4.39 | −20.33 | 9.99 | 8.36 | 5.53 | 7.93 | 75.90 |
K0 | 1.37 | −7.14 | −10.51 | 2.13 | 8.91 | 10.26 | 9.44 | 1.91 | −13.47 | −2.89 | −0.02 | 68.04 |
K70 | 3.18 | −3.03 | −7.51 | −4.47 | 6.55 | 11.21 | 4.87 | 1.46 | −7.94 | −2.09 | −2.23 | 54.53 |
70.08 | ||||||||||||
DRIS Indices of Low Productivity Groups | ||||||||||||
N30 | 12.78 | −46.28 | 3.09 | −3.70 | −16.56 | 11.56 | 8.83 | 15.36 | 16.34 | −5.38 | 3.94 | 143.84 |
P150 | −11.54 | −2.45 | 4.81 | 9.54 | 10.48 | −12.68 | 3.67 | 0.72 | 4.48 | −4.34 | −2.71 | 67.42 |
N0 | 11.06 | −47.97 | 10.08 | 1.41 | −19.05 | 24.35 | 21.92 | 14.19 | 7.00 | −23.03 | 0.04 | 180.10 |
P0 | −11.83 | −2.72 | 6.34 | 14.28 | 14.28 | 0.47 | 13.25 | −14.42 | −9.67 | −9.77 | −0.22 | 97.25 |
K450 | 1.51 | −10.58 | 2.67 | −6.54 | −14.59 | −10.00 | −20.06 | 19.02 | 11.94 | 18.42 | 8.19 | 123.51 |
122.42 |
DRIS Indices of High Productivity Groups | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nutrient (kg ha−1) | N | P | K | Ca | Mg | S | B | Cu | Fe | Mn | Zn | IBN |
P600 | −1.34 | −4.57 | 3.79 | 4.91 | 9.91 | 1.44 | 5.31 | −10.67 | 3.28 | −7.15 | −4.90 | 57.26 |
P300 | 1.22 | 0.81 | −2.48 | 4.76 | 8.52 | 9.10 | −0.88 | −5.32 | −9.33 | −4.47 | −1.93 | 48.82 |
K110 | −9.04 | −6.11 | −0.34 | 4.31 | 5.09 | 1.13 | −12.76 | 1.68 | 14.94 | −6.97 | 8.08 | 70.45 |
N280 | 17.75 | 8.47 | −1.28 | −12.01 | −15.76 | −11.88 | 7.08 | 1.02 | −1.74 | 4.77 | 3.58 | 85.34 |
N120 | 9.72 | 11.54 | 2.20 | −13.00 | −16.13 | −12.35 | 9.64 | 11.59 | −1.57 | −0.72 | −0.93 | 89.39 |
N70 | −7.56 | 4.19 | 2.30 | −11.46 | −20.97 | −1.98 | 15.68 | 13.06 | 4.60 | 12.49 | −10.35 | 104.65 |
K220 | −6.74 | 1.14 | −0.86 | 9.02 | 9.11 | −4.67 | −17.01 | 3.89 | 1.57 | −0.55 | 5.08 | 59.65 |
P900 | 1.61 | −2.90 | 7.50 | 5.75 | 2.12 | 4.51 | −3.42 | −8.60 | 2.41 | −1.56 | −7.44 | 47.82 |
P150 | 1.99 | −5.09 | −5.27 | 1.76 | 10.55 | 7.00 | −5.74 | −1.27 | −9.59 | 2.98 | 2.67 | 53.91 |
68.59 | ||||||||||||
DRIS Indices of Low Productivity Groups | ||||||||||||
P0 | 1.59 | −11.82 | −11.30 | 2.42 | 12.30 | 3.41 | −18.82 | 9.87 | −15.38 | 8.45 | 19.28 | 114.63 |
K0 | −7.38 | −9.02 | −5.17 | 9.52 | 5.09 | 5.26 | 0.28 | −9.47 | 13.76 | −10.19 | 7.32 | 82.46 |
K70 | −7.75 | −15.20 | −5,50 | 10.23 | 8.32 | 6.81 | 2.28 | −18.50 | 23.60 | −9.67 | 5.39 | 113.26 |
N30 | −12.64 | −6.28 | 533 | −6.88 | −18.57 | −1.36 | 20.61 | 8.69 | −12.00 | 17.20 | 5.90 | 115.45 |
K450 | −0.49 | −6.29 | 3.08 | −4.64 | −2.16 | 3.15 | −15.89 | 5.02 | 9.83 | −1.25 | 9.63 | 61.44 |
N0 | −9.47 | 0.66 | −3.44 | −9.17 | −20.53 | −1.69 | 14.79 | 0.93 | −5.17 | 17.64 | 15.44 | 98.94 |
97.70 |
Agata, Unaí-MG | Atlantic, Unaí-MG | Agata, Mucugê-BA | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
High Productivity | Low Productivity | High Productivity | Low Productivity | High Productivity | Low Productivity | ||||||
Cu | −9.95 | P | −32.42 | Mg | −10.20 | P | −22.00 | Mg | −17.62 | B | −17.35 |
P | −8.30 | Ca | −15.24 | K | −9.51 | B | −20.06 | Ca | −12.15 | Cu | −13.99 |
B | −7.20 | Cu | −10.14 | N | −7.59 | Mg | −16.73 | B | −7.96 | Mg | −13.75 |
Ca | −6.84 | B | −5.62 | Fe | −7.31 | Cu | −14.42 | S | −7.72 | Fe | −10.85 |
Fe | −5.88 | Fe | −4.07 | Cu | −7.20 | N | −11.68 | Cu | −6.46 | P | −9.72 |
Mn | −5.76 | Mg | −3.48 | B | −6.77 | S | −11.34 | N | −6.17 | N | −7.55 |
N | −5.30 | N | 0.00 | S | −5.13 | Mn | −10.63 | Fe | −5.56 | Mn | −7.04 |
Zn | −4.78 | K | 0.00 | P | −4.85 | Fe | −9.67 | Zn | −5.11 | Ca | −6.90 |
Mg | −4.56 | S | 0.00 | Mn | −4.67 | Ca | −5.12 | P | −4.67 | K | −6.35 |
K | −3.40 | Mn | 0.00 | Ca | −3.91 | Zn | −1.46 | Mn | −3.57 | S | −1.52 |
S | −3.09 | Zn | 0.00 | Zn | −2.57 | K | 000 | K | −2.05 | Zn | 0.00 |
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Oliveira, R.C.; da Silva, J.R.R.; Lana, R.M.Q.; de Azevedo Pereira, A.I.; Castoldi, R.; de Camargo, R.; Luz, J.M.Q. Fertilizer Application Levels in Potato Crops and the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS). Agronomy 2021, 11, 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010051
Oliveira RC, da Silva JRR, Lana RMQ, de Azevedo Pereira AI, Castoldi R, de Camargo R, Luz JMQ. Fertilizer Application Levels in Potato Crops and the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS). Agronomy. 2021; 11(1):51. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010051
Chicago/Turabian StyleOliveira, Roberta Camargos, João Ricardo Rodrigues da Silva, Regina Maria Quintão Lana, Alexandre Igor de Azevedo Pereira, Renata Castoldi, Reginaldo de Camargo, and José Magno Queiroz Luz. 2021. "Fertilizer Application Levels in Potato Crops and the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS)" Agronomy 11, no. 1: 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010051
APA StyleOliveira, R. C., da Silva, J. R. R., Lana, R. M. Q., de Azevedo Pereira, A. I., Castoldi, R., de Camargo, R., & Luz, J. M. Q. (2021). Fertilizer Application Levels in Potato Crops and the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS). Agronomy, 11(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010051