Determination of Total Carotenoids and β-Carotene in Germplasm of Pumpkin Caboclo (Cucurbita maxima)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Location
2.2. Design and Treatments
2.3. Area Preparation and Conduction
2.4. Fruit Physicochemical Characteristics
2.5. Assessment of Total Carotenoids
2.5.1. Reagents
2.5.2. Obtaining the Extract
2.5.3. Determination of Total Carotenoids
2.6. Evaluation of β-Carotene
2.6.1. Reagents and Standard Preparation
2.6.2. Obtaining the β-Carotene Extract
2.6.3. Quantification of β-Carotene
2.6.4. Method Validation
2.6.5. Selectivity, Linearity, Sensitivity, and Repeatability
2.6.6. Recovery
2.7. Statistical Analyses
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatments | Code a | Origin b | Location | Collection Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | CMAX 01 | Santa Rosa II-Apodi | 5°39′40.4″ S 37°47′55.3″ W | 12 August 2010 |
T2 | CMAX 02 | Sítio Totoro de Baixo-Currais Novos | 6°13′30.4″ S 36°28′16.5″ W | 15 March 2011 |
T3 | CMAX 03 | Sítio Boqueirão-Touros | 5°11′43.5″ S 35°27′49.4″ W | 20 December 2010 |
T4 | CMAX 04 | Loteamento Punaú-Rio do fogo | 5°16′18.0″ S 35°23′00.3″ W | 21 December 2010 |
T5 | CMAX 05 | Origin unknown | - | - |
T6 | CMAX 06 | Origin unknown | - | - |
T7 | CMAX 07 | Sítio Carpina (Apodi) | 5°39′40.4″ S 37°47′55.3″ W | 29 November 2013 |
T8 | CMAX 08 | Baraúna | 5°04′41.6″ S 37°37′03.6″ W | 18 August 2010 |
T9 | CMAX 09 | Caiçara do Rio do Vento | 5° 45.435″ S 36° 00.094″ W | 15 May 2014 |
T10 | CMAX 10 | Sítio Boqueirão (Vila Meire)-Touros | 5°11′43.5″ S 35°27′49.4″ W | 20 December 2010 |
T11 | CMAX 11 | Sítio Bico torto-Apodi | 5°39′40.4″ S 37°47′55.3″ W | 8 December 2010 |
T12 | CMAX 12 | Cobal-Mossoró | 5°11′21.1″ S 37°20′15.5″ W | - |
T13 | CMAX 13 | Sítio Bico torto-Apodi | 5°39′40.4″ S 37°47′55.3″ W | 12 August 2010 |
T14 | CMAX 14 | Vazia dos Bois-Currais Novos | 6°13′30.4″ S 36°28′16.5″ W | 15 March 2011 |
T15 | CMAX 15 | Loteamento Punaú-Rio do fogo | 5°16′18.0″ S 35°23′00.3″ W | 21 December 2010 |
T16 | CMAX 16 | Povoado Cruz-Currais Novos | 6°13′30.4″ S 36°28′16.5″ W | 28 October 2010 |
T17 | CMAX 17 | Santa Rosa II-Apodi | 5°39′40.4″ S 37°47′55.3″ W | 4 June 2010 |
T18 | CMAX 18 | Assentamento Sítios dos gois-Apodi | 5°39′40.4″ S 37°47′55.3″ W | 19 November 2010 |
T19 | CMAX 19 | Almino Afonso | 6°08′49.5″ S 37°45′49.9″ W | - |
T20 | CMAX 20 | Loteamento Punaú-Rio do fogo | 5°16′18.0″ S 35°23′00.3″ W | 21 December 2010 |
T21 | CMAX 21 | Sítio Boqueirão-Touros | 5°11′43.5″ S 35°27′49.4″ W | 20 December 2010 |
T22 | CMAX 22 | Origin unknown | - | - |
T23 | CMAX 23 | Origin unknown | - | - |
T24 | CV. Comercial Moranga Coroa c | Comercio local de Mossoró (RN) | May 2019 | |
T25 | Cv. Hibrida Tetsukabuto c | Comercio local de Mossoró (RN) | May 2019 |
Deviance | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Effect | Lp* | Cp* | h°p | CAT | BC |
Full | 510.37 | 620.99 | 581.91 | 905.93 | 714.12 |
Access | 510.4 | 620.99 | 581.92 | 912.99 | 714.87 |
LRT | 0.03 ns | 0 ns | 0.01 ns | 7.06 ** | 0.75 ns |
Vg | 0.123 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 75.57 | 7.75 |
Ve | 8.331 | 22.01 | 18.69 | 245.72 | 76.51 |
h2m | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.82 | 0.55 |
Ac | 0.3 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.9 | 0.74 |
CVg(%) | 0.43 | 0.87 | 0.29 | 22.99 | 25.59 |
CVe(%) | 2.37 | 7.72 | 2.75 | 18.96 | 39.95 |
CVr | 0.18 | 0.11 | 0.1 | 1.21 | 0.64 |
Mean | 81.23 | 33.04 | 71.15 | 37.82 | 10.88 |
Average (Evaluated Characters) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Germoplasm a | Lp* | Cp* | h°p | CT | BC |
CMAX-01 | 81.18 ± 2.63 | 33.03 ± 1.56 | 71.12 ± 2.07 | 40.57 ± 1.97 | 10.54 ± 1.33 |
CMAX-02 | 81.21 ± 2.12 | 33.05 ± 1.65 | 71.15 ± 2.03 | 39.92 ± 1.93 | 11.45 ± 1.31 |
CMAX-03 | 81.27 ± 2.55 | 33.02 ± 2.21 | 71.15 ± 2.75 | 32.03 ± 2.65 | 9.09 ± 1.92 |
CMAX-04 | 81.27 ± 2.54 | 33.02 ± 1.78 | 71.12 ± 2.61 | 41.27 ± 2.51 | 11.56 ± 1.22 |
CMAX-05 | 81.25 ± 2.03 | 33.04 ± 2.54 | 71.14 ± 2.19 | 40.14 ± 2.09 | 10.69 ± 1.94 |
CMAX-06 | 81.23 ± 2.23 | 33.03 ± 1.94 | 71.15 ± 2.10 | 37.70 ± 2.00 | 11.60 ± 1.24 |
CMAX-07 | 81.13 ± 2.58 | 33.02 ± 2.37 | 71.15 ± 2.23 | 31.73 ± 2.13 | 10.09 ± 1.36 |
CMAX-08 | 81.28 ± 2.12 | 33.07 ± 2.17 | 71.19 ± 2.55 | 31.81 ± 2.45 | 9.87 ± 1.26 |
CMAX-09 | 81.22 ± 2.21 | 33.02 ± 2.18 | 71.11 ± 1.95 | 47.81 ± 1.85 | 13.49 ± 2.01 |
CMAX-10 | 81.35 ± 2.27 | 33.01 ± 1.79 | 71.14 ± 2.52 | 38.13 ± 2.42 | 13.75 ± 1.47 |
CMAX-11 | 81.21 ± 2.91 | 33.09 ± 2.08 | 71.14 ± 2.67 | 43.04 ± 2.57 | 12.59 ± 1.57 |
CMAX-12 | 81.16 ± 2.67 | 32.99 ± 2.24 | 71.15 ± 2.26 | 45.76 ± 2.16 | 11.65 ± 1.79 |
CMAX-13 | 81.24 ± 2.25 | 33.02 ± 1.87 | 71.15 ± 2.25 | 46.52 ± 2.15 | 13.42 ± 1.71 |
CMAX-14 | 81.15 ± 2.45 | 33.08 ± 1.83 | 71.14 ± 2.26 | 49.58 ± 2.16 | 12.02 ± 2.17 |
CMAX-15 | 81.27 ± 2.69 | 33.03 ± 2.17 | 71.16 ± 1.92 | 38.36 ± 1.82 | 10.82 ± 1.48 |
CMAX-16 | 81.32 ± 2.29 | 33.01 ± 2.09 | 71.15 ± 2.51 | 33.91 ± 2.41 | 10.00 ± 1.20 |
CMAX-17 | 81.16 ± 2.11 | 33.10 ± 1.86 | 71.15 ± 2.74 | 35.63 ± 2.64 | 9.97 ± 1.70 |
CMAX-18 | 81.23 ± 2.17 | 33.04 ± 2.00 | 71.14 ± 2.79 | 31.80 ± 2.69 | 10.01 ± 2.06 |
CMAX-19 | 81.28 ± 2.60 | 33.03 ± 2.55 | 71.14 ± 2.06 | 44.82 ± 1.96 | 12.37 ± 1.75 |
CMAX-20 | 81.33 ± 2.18 | 33.04 ± 1.91 | 71.16 ± 2.38 | 36.57 ± 2.28 | 9.85 ± 1.94 |
CMAX-21 | 81.22 ± 2.38 | 33.05 ± 2.10 | 71.15 ± 2.53 | 36.46 ± 2.43 | 9.98 ± 1.42 |
CMAX-22 | 81.30 ± 2.63 | 32.94 ± 2.16 | 71.21 ± 2.55 | 22.28 ± 2.46 | 7.81 ± 1.61 |
CMAX-23 | 81.18 ± 2.33 | 33.08 ± 2.27 | 71.11 ± 1.97 | 34.29 ± 1.87 | 10.77 ± 2.17 |
M. Coroa b | 81.01 ± 2.32 | 33.03 ± 1.90 | 71.18 ± 2.47 | 25.68 ± 2.37 | 8.10 ± 1.26 |
Tetsukabuto b | 81.34 ± 2.34 | 33.03 ±.1.87 | 71.14 ± 2.78 | 39.54 ± 2.68 | 10.51 ± 2.11 |
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Barboza, M.; Lima, F.L.d.S.; Ribeiro, R.M.P.; Pereira, C.C.A.; Santos, M.G.d.; Silveira, F.P.d.M.; Nascimento, A.K.Q.d.; Passos, A.B.R.d.J.; Chagas, P.S.F.d.; Ribeiro, J.E.d.S.; et al. Determination of Total Carotenoids and β-Carotene in Germplasm of Pumpkin Caboclo (Cucurbita maxima). Agronomy 2023, 13, 1109. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041109
Barboza M, Lima FLdS, Ribeiro RMP, Pereira CCA, Santos MGd, Silveira FPdM, Nascimento AKQd, Passos ABRdJ, Chagas PSFd, Ribeiro JEdS, et al. Determination of Total Carotenoids and β-Carotene in Germplasm of Pumpkin Caboclo (Cucurbita maxima). Agronomy. 2023; 13(4):1109. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041109
Chicago/Turabian StyleBarboza, Michele, Fernanda Larisse dos Santos Lima, Rayanne Maria Paula Ribeiro, Carla Caroline Alves Pereira, Manoel Galdino dos Santos, Flávio Pereira da Mota Silveira, Aline Kelly Queiroz do Nascimento, Ana Beatriz Rocha de Jesus Passos, Paulo Sérgio Fernandes das Chagas, João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro, and et al. 2023. "Determination of Total Carotenoids and β-Carotene in Germplasm of Pumpkin Caboclo (Cucurbita maxima)" Agronomy 13, no. 4: 1109. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041109