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Agronomy
Volume 13
Issue 7
10.3390/agronomy13071767
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Article

Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) Mutagen Toxicity-Induced DNA Damage, Cytosine Methylation Alteration, and iPBS-Retrotransposon Polymorphisms in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

by
Aras Türkoğlu
1,
Kamil Haliloğlu
2,*,
Metin Tosun
2,
Henryk Bujak
3,4,
Barış Eren
5,
Fatih Demirel
5,
Piotr Szulc
6,
Halit Karagöz
7,
Marek Selwet
8,
Güller Özkan
9 and
Gniewko Niedbała
10,*
1
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42310, Türkiye
2
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
3
Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki 24A, 53-363 Wrocław, Poland
4
Research Center for Cultivar Testing, Słupia Wielka 34, 63-022 Słupia Wielka, Poland
5
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Igdir University, Igdir 76000, Türkiye
6
Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznan, Poland
7
East Anatolia Agricultural Research Institute, Gezköy-Dadaskent, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
8
Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Science, Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznan, Poland
9
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Türkiye
10
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agronomy 2023, 13(7), 1767; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071767
Submission received: 21 May 2023 / Revised: 23 June 2023 / Accepted: 26 June 2023 / Published: 29 June 2023
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Abstract

The use of mutagens in plant breeding is used to create new germplasm, increase agricultural yield, quality, and resistance to diseases and pests. Mutagens are physical or chemical factors that can alter the DNA or RNA structure of an organism, causing mutations above the expected level. One of the most common and potent chemical mutagens is EMS (ethyl-methane sulfonate), which produces point mutations in plants, but to a lesser degree can also cause the loss or deletion of a chromosomal region. This study used inter-primer binding site (iPBS) and coupled restriction enzyme digestion inter-primer binding site (CRED-iPBS) technique analysis to determine the effect of EMS mutagens on methylation rates in wheat genotypes at seedling growth stage. Treatments with five different EMS concentrations (0%; control, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4%) at four different times (0; control, 3, 6, and 9 h) were used. Inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers were employed to assess genomic instability and cytosine methylation in treated wheat. In seeds treated with EMS at different concentrations and times, the disappearance of regular bands and the formation of new bands due to the effects of the EMS mutagen revealed that genetic diversity exists. The CRED-iPBS analysis revealed that the 3 h + 0.1% EMS treatment produced the highest MspI polymorphism value (19.60%), while the 9 h + 0.1% EMS treatment produced the lowest value (10.90%). The mutagenic effects of EMS treatments had considerable polymorphism on a variety of impacts on the cytosine methylation and genomic instability of wheat. According to the current research, EMS mutagenesis may be a practical method for accelerating breeding programs to produce enough genetic diversity in wheat populations. Mutation-assisted breeding and the subsequent selection of desirable mutants using genetic markers may also be carried out in wheat utilizing an integrated strategy.
Keywords: genomic template stability; DNA methylation; mutagen; iPBS genomic template stability; DNA methylation; mutagen; iPBS

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MDPI and ACS Style

Türkoğlu, A.; Haliloğlu, K.; Tosun, M.; Bujak, H.; Eren, B.; Demirel, F.; Szulc, P.; Karagöz, H.; Selwet, M.; Özkan, G.; et al. Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) Mutagen Toxicity-Induced DNA Damage, Cytosine Methylation Alteration, and iPBS-Retrotransposon Polymorphisms in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy 2023, 13, 1767. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071767

AMA Style

Türkoğlu A, Haliloğlu K, Tosun M, Bujak H, Eren B, Demirel F, Szulc P, Karagöz H, Selwet M, Özkan G, et al. Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) Mutagen Toxicity-Induced DNA Damage, Cytosine Methylation Alteration, and iPBS-Retrotransposon Polymorphisms in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy. 2023; 13(7):1767. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071767

Chicago/Turabian Style

Türkoğlu, Aras, Kamil Haliloğlu, Metin Tosun, Henryk Bujak, Barış Eren, Fatih Demirel, Piotr Szulc, Halit Karagöz, Marek Selwet, Güller Özkan, and et al. 2023. "Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) Mutagen Toxicity-Induced DNA Damage, Cytosine Methylation Alteration, and iPBS-Retrotransposon Polymorphisms in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)" Agronomy 13, no. 7: 1767. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071767

APA Style

Türkoğlu, A., Haliloğlu, K., Tosun, M., Bujak, H., Eren, B., Demirel, F., Szulc, P., Karagöz, H., Selwet, M., Özkan, G., & Niedbała, G. (2023). Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) Mutagen Toxicity-Induced DNA Damage, Cytosine Methylation Alteration, and iPBS-Retrotransposon Polymorphisms in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy, 13(7), 1767. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071767

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