Mechanism of Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth Resistance to Nicosulfuron
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Cultivation of Experimental Materials
2.3. Total RNA Extraction and cDNA Library Preparation
2.4. Unigene Feature Annotations
2.5. Screening and Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs)
2.6. Functional Annotation and Enrichment Analysis of DEGs
2.7. Screening and qRT-PCR Validation of Metabolic Resistance Genes in E. villosa
3. Results
3.1. Analysis of the Resistance of Different E. villosa Populations to Nicosulfuron
3.2. Determining the Quality of E. villosa Seedlings with Different Resistance Levels
3.3. Principal Component and Dissimilarity Analysis
3.4. Differential Expression Analysis of mRNA
3.5. Homologous Species Comparison of E. villosa Unigenes in the NR Database
3.6. Functional Annotation and KEGG Enrichment Analysis of E. villosa GO
3.7. Identification of DEGs Involved in the Resistance of E. villosa to Nicotinic Sulfur Metal
3.8. RT-qPCR Validation of DEGs Involved in the Resistance of E. villosa to Nicosulfuron
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Population | Collection Time | Collection Site | Longitude and Latitude | GR50 g a.i./hm2 | Relational Coefficient R2 | Resistance Index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HEK-40 | 2017.9 | Yilan County, Harbin City | 46°6′50″ N, 130°6′8″ E | 87.69 | 0.9943 | 13.83 |
HEK-15 | 2017.9 | Beixing Village, Tangyuan County, Jiamusi City | 46°57′46″ N, 130°1′54″ E | 6.34 | 0.9957 | 1.00 |
Sample | Raw Reads | Clean Reads | Clean Base (G) | Error Rate (%) | Q20 (%) | Q30 (%) | GC Content (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S_CK1 | 63274590 | 58274224 | 8.74 | 0.03 | 96.54 | 91.31 | 51.68 |
S_CK2 | 71658798 | 65827016 | 9.87 | 0.03 | 96.75 | 91.87 | 52.81 |
S_CK3 | 61974484 | 57820668 | 8.67 | 0.03 | 96.77 | 91.88 | 52.35 |
S_1 | 129772220 | 120361238 | 18.05 | 0.03 | 96.64 | 91.56 | 52.27 |
S_2 | 88531810 | 79663220 | 11.95 | 0.03 | 96.62 | 91.50 | 51.36 |
S_3 | 83641322 | 76761782 | 11.51 | 0.03 | 96.61 | 91.48 | 52.25 |
R_CK1 | 72235082 | 67785044 | 10.17 | 0.03 | 96.55 | 91.33 | 52.13 |
R_CK2 | 65608280 | 60218848 | 9.03 | 0.03 | 96.63 | 91.56 | 51.57 |
R_CK3 | 75766050 | 70231348 | 10.53 | 0.03 | 96.5 | 91.25 | 52.1 |
R_1 | 92895894 | 85161820 | 12.77 | 0.03 | 96.43 | 91.07 | 51.86 |
R_2 | 74693642 | 68073016 | 10.21 | 0.03 | 96.62 | 91.53 | 51.93 |
R_3 | 73111380 | 67862266 | 10.18 | 0.03 | 96.72 | 91.80 | 52.03 |
Level of Gene Expression | Number of DEGs | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R vs. R_CK | S vs. S_CK | R_CK vs. S_CK | R vs. S | |||||
Up | Down | Up | Down | Up | Down | Up | Down | |
>1–5 | 11,169 | 8380 | 12,615 | 12,141 | 2428 | 3343 | 5099 | 3219 |
>5–10 | 1011 | 240 | 1241 | 386 | 290 | 2999 | 300 | 1124 |
>10 | 139 | 19 | 140 | 34 | 33 | 584 | 27 | 162 |
Total | 12,319 | 8639 | 13,996 | 12,561 | 2751 | 6926 | 5426 | 4505 |
20,958 | 26,557 | 9677 | 9931 |
Gene | Annotation | Difference Multiple Log2FC | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
S vs. S_CK_ | R vs. R_CK_ | R_CK vs. S_CK | R vs. S | ||
Cluster-73381.1 | CYP 72A15 | −0.85 | −0.31 | 1.04 | 1.54 |
Cluster-73381.5 | CYP 72A15 | −0.84 | −0.57 | 1.45 | 1.68 |
Cluster-30135.10 | CYP 94B3 | −1.28 | 1.62 | −0.61 | 2.27 |
Cluster-30135.3 | CYP 94B3 | −0.55 | 1.70 | −0.30 | 1.94 |
Cluster-30135.4 | CYP 94B3 | −1.76 | 1.28 | −0.55 | 2.48 |
Cluster-30135.9 | CYP 94B3 | −1.07 | 1.58 | −0.49 | 2.14 |
Cluster-86594.1 | CYP 71A1 | 0.22 | 1.76 | 0.21 | 1.73 |
Cluster-1471.7 | GST U6 | 3.05 | 2.79 | 1.64 | 1.34 |
Cluster-1471.8 | GST U6 | 2.79 | 3.05 | 1.01 | 1.24 |
Cluster-73413.4 | GST U6 | 0.89 | 1.63 | 0.38 | 1.09 |
Cluster-8157.4 | GST U6 | 0.40 | 1.03 | 0.61 | 1.20 |
Cluster-14424.28 | ABC B4 | 7.00 | 6.04 | 2.65 | 1.68 |
Cluster-15344.4 | ABC C4 | 2.73 | 2.78 | 1.01 | 1.02 |
Cluster-14424.33 | ABC B4 | 5.73 | 7.29 | −0.28 | 1.25 |
Cluster-24334.4 | ABC G25 | −0.98 | 1.65 | −0.46 | 2.15 |
Cluster-43295.2 | ABC G37 | 0.22 | 1.80 | −0.10 | 1.46 |
Cluster-74965.22 | ABC G36 | 1.77 | 3.14 | 0.19 | 1.53 |
Cluster-74965.32 | ABC G40 | 1.65 | 3.18 | 0.29 | 1.78 |
Cluster-74965.6 | ABC G40 | 1.19 | 2.87 | 0.32 | 1.96 |
Cluster-9837.12 | ABC C3 | 0.75 | 1.71 | 0.29 | 1.21 |
Cluster-9837.19 | ABC C3 | 2.52 | 2.99 | 0.85 | 1.29 |
Cluster-14780.5 | UGT73C1 | −1.68 | 1.52 | −0.28 | 2.90 |
Cluster-58399.985 | UGT74F2 | 3.53 | 4.94 | 0.18 | 1.57 |
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Guo, J.; Xu, Z.; Jiao, T.; Gao, H.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, L.; Li, M.; Liu, X.; Yan, C.; Han, Y. Mechanism of Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth Resistance to Nicosulfuron. Agronomy 2024, 14, 2210. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14102210
Guo J, Xu Z, Jiao T, Gao H, Wang Y, Zhang L, Li M, Liu X, Yan C, Han Y. Mechanism of Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth Resistance to Nicosulfuron. Agronomy. 2024; 14(10):2210. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14102210
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuo, Jing, Zeqian Xu, Ting Jiao, Hong Gao, Yuechao Wang, Liguo Zhang, Mukai Li, Xiaomin Liu, Chunxiu Yan, and Yujun Han. 2024. "Mechanism of Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth Resistance to Nicosulfuron" Agronomy 14, no. 10: 2210. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14102210