Zinc Seed Priming Alleviates Salinity Stress and Enhances Sorghum Growth by Regulating Antioxidant Activities, Nutrient Homeostasis, and Osmolyte Synthesis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Details
2.2. Germination and Growth Parameters
2.3. Relative Water Contents, Oxidative Stress Markers, and Photosynthetic Pigments
2.4. Antioxidant Enzymes
2.5. Determination of Potential Osmolytes and Ions Concentration
2.6. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Germination and Growth Traits
3.2. Photosynthetic Pigments
3.3. Oxidative Stress Markers and Potential Osmolyte
3.4. Antioxidant Activities
3.5. Nutrient Accumulation in Plants
3.6. Principal Component Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatment | Cultivars | Priming | T50 (days) | MET (days) | FEP (%) | RL (cm) | SL (cm) | RFW (g) | RDW (g) | SFW (g) | SDW (g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | JS-2002 | NP | 3.18 de ± 0.18 | 4.28 c ± 0.21 | 87 | 18.02 c ± 0.98 | 27.80 bc ± 1.15 | 6.55 bc ± 0.09 | 4.44 de ± 0.14 | 14.99 b ± 0.78 | 6.91 c ± 0.29 |
CK | JS-2002 | ZSP | 2.95 ef ± 0.22 | 3.84 e ± 0.18 | 93 | 22.03 a ± 1.23 | 31.43 ab ± 0.92 | 7.19 ab ± 0.19 | 4.93 b ± 0.21 | 16.42 a ± 1.12 | 7.57 b ± 0.41 |
CK | JS-263 | NP | 3.11 ef ± 0.09 | 4.05 d ± 0.33 | 93 | 20.31 b ± 1.76 | 29.10 bc ± 2.23 | 6.89 b ± 0.065 | 4.75 bc ± 0.34 | 15.36 b ± 0.87 | 7.20 c ± 0.49 |
CK | JS-263 | ZSP | 2.89 f ± 0.21 | 3.59 f ± 0.22 | 100 | 23.39 a ± 2.82 | 34.73 a ± 0.79 | 7.71 a ± 0.41 | 5.29 a ± 0.33 | 17.31 a ± 0.56 | 8.34 a ± 0.55 |
SS | JS-2002 | NP | 3.89 a ± 0.14 | 4.99 a ± 0.17 | 73 | 12.81 f ± 2.22 | 17.73 e ± 0.98 | 5.09 f ± 0.45 | 3.50 g ± 0.19 | 10.66 f ± 0.55 | 5.19 f ± 0.32 |
SS | JS-2002 | ZSP | 3.59 bc ± 0.19 | 4.64 b ± 0.29 | 87 | 14.43 de ± 1.14 | 21.87 de ± 1.01 | 5.81 de ± 0.52 | 3.91 ef ± 0.14 | 12.66 d ± 0.48 | 5.98 d ± 0.29 |
SS | JS-263 | NP | 3.75 ab ± 0.26 | 4.77 b ± 0.32 | 80 | 13.67 ef ± 1.76 | 20.49 e ± 0.67 | 5.37 ef ± 0.13 | 3.77 fg ± 0.29 | 11.72 e ± 0.78 | 5.64 e ± 0.24 |
SS | JS-263 | ZSP | 3.35 cd ± 0.17 | 4.43 c ± 0.18 | 87 | 15.34 d ± 1.92 | 25.22 cd ± 1.17 | 6.16 cd ± 0.21 | 4.17 de ± 0.32 | 13.84 b ± 0.82 | 6.24 d ± 0.41 |
Treatment | Cultivars | Priming | Root-Na | Shoot-Na | Root-Cl | Shoot-Cl | Root-K | Shoot-K |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | JS-2002 | NP | 5.95 c ± 0.78 | 3.66 cd ± 0.26 | 6.80 cd ± 0.41 | 5.66 c ± 0.44 | 9.70 d ± 0.82 | 7.55 c ± 0.44 |
CK | JS-2002 | ZSP | 6.12 bc ± 0.82 | 3.89 bc ± 0.29 | 7.02 bc ± 0.73 | 5.96 bc ± 0.19 | 10.18 bc ± 0.66 | 7.85 bc ± 0.62 |
CK | JS-263 | NP | 6.35 ab ± 0.56 | 4.09 ab ± 0.33 | 7.24 ab ± 0.39 | 6.18 ab ± 0.28 | 10.76 ab ± 0.78 | 8.08 ab ± 0.54 |
CK | JS-263 | ZSP | 6.56 a ± 0.43 | 4.30 a ± 0.41 | 7.45 a ± 0.48 | 6.29 a ± 0.35 | 10.95 a ± 0.81 | 8.26 a ± 0.39 |
SS | JS-2002 | NP | 4.72 e ± 0.66 | 2.89 g ± 0.25 | 5.28 f ± 0.67 | 4.25 e ± 0.56 | 7.22 f ± 0.59 | 5.95 e ± 0.33 |
SS | JS-2002 | ZSP | 4.93 e ± 0.44 | 3.13 fg ± 0.22 | 5.86 e ± 0.44 | 4.53 e ± 0.61 | 7.82 ef ± 0.67 | 6.22 e ± 0.49 |
SS | JS-263 | NP | 5.04 de ± 0.29 | 3.28 ef ± 0.41 | 6.15 e ± 0.56 | 4.98 d ± 0.49 | 8.23 de ± 0.49 | 6.73 d ± 0.39 |
SS | JS-263 | ZSP | 5.29 d ± 0.33 | 3.51 de ± 0.20 | 6.50 d ± 0.88 | 5.24 d ± 0.32 | 8.59 d ± 0.55 | 6.95 d ± 0.34 |
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Umair Hassan, M.; Chattha, M.U.; Khan, I.; Khan, T.A.; Nawaz, M.; Tang, H.; Noor, M.A.; Asseri, T.A.Y.; Hashem, M.; Guoqin, H. Zinc Seed Priming Alleviates Salinity Stress and Enhances Sorghum Growth by Regulating Antioxidant Activities, Nutrient Homeostasis, and Osmolyte Synthesis. Agronomy 2024, 14, 1815. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081815
Umair Hassan M, Chattha MU, Khan I, Khan TA, Nawaz M, Tang H, Noor MA, Asseri TAY, Hashem M, Guoqin H. Zinc Seed Priming Alleviates Salinity Stress and Enhances Sorghum Growth by Regulating Antioxidant Activities, Nutrient Homeostasis, and Osmolyte Synthesis. Agronomy. 2024; 14(8):1815. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081815
Chicago/Turabian StyleUmair Hassan, Muhammad, Muhammad Umer Chattha, Imran Khan, Tahir Abbas Khan, Mohsin Nawaz, Haiying Tang, Mehmood Ali Noor, Tahani A. Y. Asseri, Mohamed Hashem, and Huang Guoqin. 2024. "Zinc Seed Priming Alleviates Salinity Stress and Enhances Sorghum Growth by Regulating Antioxidant Activities, Nutrient Homeostasis, and Osmolyte Synthesis" Agronomy 14, no. 8: 1815. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081815