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Article

Interspecific Genetic Differences and Historical Demography in South American Arowanas (Osteoglossiformes, Osteoglossidae, Osteoglossum)

by
Fernando Henrique Santos de Souza
1,†,
Manolo Fernandez Perez
1,†,
Luiz Antônio Carlos Bertollo
1,
Ezequiel Aguiar de Oliveira
1,2,
Sebastien Lavoué
3,
Carla Cristina Gestich
1,
Petr Ráb
4,
Tariq Ezaz
5,
Thomas Liehr
6,*,
Patrik Ferreira Viana
7,
Eliana Feldberg
7 and
Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
1
1
Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz Km. 235, C.P. 676, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
2
Secretaria de Estado de Educação de Mato Grosso—SEDUC-MT, Cuiabá, MT 78049-909, Brazil
3
School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
4
Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
5
Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
6
Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Jena, 07740 Jena, Germany
7
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Laboratório de Genética Animal, Av. André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067-375, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Genes 2019, 10(9), 693; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10090693
Submission received: 29 July 2019 / Revised: 20 August 2019 / Accepted: 29 August 2019 / Published: 9 September 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics of Neotropical fishes: Conservation, Management and Evolution)
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Abstract

The South American arowanas (Osteoglossiformes, Osteoglossidae, Osteoglossum) are emblematic species widely distributed in the Amazon and surrounding basins. Arowana species are under strong anthropogenic pressure as they are extensively exploited for ornamental and food purposes. Until now, limited genetic and cytogenetic information has been available, with only a few studies reporting to their genetic diversity and population structure. In the present study, cytogenetic and DArTseq-derived single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data were used to investigate the genetic diversity of the two Osteoglossum species, the silver arowana O. bicirrhosum, and the black arowana O. ferreirai. Both species differ in their 2n (with 2n = 54 and 56 for O. ferreirai and O. bicirrhosum, respectively) and in the composition and distribution of their repetitive DNA content, consistent with their taxonomic status as different species. Our genetic dataset was coupled with contemporary and paleogeographic niche modeling, to develop concurrent demographic models that were tested against each other with a deep learning approach in O. bicirrhosum. Our genetic results reveal that O. bicirrhosum colonized the Tocantins-Araguaia basin from the Amazon basin about one million years ago. In addition, we highlighted a higher genetic diversity of O. bicirrhosum in the Amazon populations in comparison to those from the Tocantins-Araguaia basin.
Keywords: fishes; cytogenetics; DArTseq; population structure; colonization pathway; genomics fishes; cytogenetics; DArTseq; population structure; colonization pathway; genomics

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MDPI and ACS Style

Souza, F.H.S.d.; Perez, M.F.; Bertollo, L.A.C.; Oliveira, E.A.d.; Lavoué, S.; Gestich, C.C.; Ráb, P.; Ezaz, T.; Liehr, T.; Viana, P.F.; et al. Interspecific Genetic Differences and Historical Demography in South American Arowanas (Osteoglossiformes, Osteoglossidae, Osteoglossum). Genes 2019, 10, 693. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10090693

AMA Style

Souza FHSd, Perez MF, Bertollo LAC, Oliveira EAd, Lavoué S, Gestich CC, Ráb P, Ezaz T, Liehr T, Viana PF, et al. Interspecific Genetic Differences and Historical Demography in South American Arowanas (Osteoglossiformes, Osteoglossidae, Osteoglossum). Genes. 2019; 10(9):693. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10090693

Chicago/Turabian Style

Souza, Fernando Henrique Santos de, Manolo Fernandez Perez, Luiz Antônio Carlos Bertollo, Ezequiel Aguiar de Oliveira, Sebastien Lavoué, Carla Cristina Gestich, Petr Ráb, Tariq Ezaz, Thomas Liehr, Patrik Ferreira Viana, and et al. 2019. "Interspecific Genetic Differences and Historical Demography in South American Arowanas (Osteoglossiformes, Osteoglossidae, Osteoglossum)" Genes 10, no. 9: 693. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10090693

APA Style

Souza, F. H. S. d., Perez, M. F., Bertollo, L. A. C., Oliveira, E. A. d., Lavoué, S., Gestich, C. C., Ráb, P., Ezaz, T., Liehr, T., Viana, P. F., Feldberg, E., & Cioffi, M. d. B. (2019). Interspecific Genetic Differences and Historical Demography in South American Arowanas (Osteoglossiformes, Osteoglossidae, Osteoglossum). Genes, 10(9), 693. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10090693

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