Damaging Convective and Non-Convective Winds in Southwestern Iberia during Windstorm Xola
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data and Methods
2.1. Data
2.2. Radar Data and Processing
2.3. Diagnostic Parameters
2.3.1. Fronts Identification in ECMWF Analyses
2.3.2. Potential Instability
2.3.3. Conditional Symmetric Instability and Frontogenesis Diagnoses
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Surface Observations and Damage Reports
3.2. Synoptic Background of Windstorm Xola
3.3. The Cloud Head and the Split-Cold Front
3.4. The Bow Echo and Mesovortex
3.5. Mesoscale Structure of the Cloud Head and the Sting Jet
3.5.1. Slantwise Convective Circulations
3.5.2. Sting Jet
3.6. Warm Seclusion
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
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Pinto, P.; Belo-Pereira, M. Damaging Convective and Non-Convective Winds in Southwestern Iberia during Windstorm Xola. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11070692
Pinto P, Belo-Pereira M. Damaging Convective and Non-Convective Winds in Southwestern Iberia during Windstorm Xola. Atmosphere. 2020; 11(7):692. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11070692
Chicago/Turabian StylePinto, Paulo, and Margarida Belo-Pereira. 2020. "Damaging Convective and Non-Convective Winds in Southwestern Iberia during Windstorm Xola" Atmosphere 11, no. 7: 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11070692
APA StylePinto, P., & Belo-Pereira, M. (2020). Damaging Convective and Non-Convective Winds in Southwestern Iberia during Windstorm Xola. Atmosphere, 11(7), 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11070692