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Volume 15
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10.3390/atmos15081016
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Article

Energy Dependence of Solar Energetic Protons and Their Origin in Solar Cycles 23 and 24

by
Rositsa Miteva
1,*,
Susan W. Samwel
2 and
Momchil Dechev
1
1
Institute of Astronomy and National Astronomical Observatory (IANAO), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
2
National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG), Helwan, Cairo 11421, Egypt
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Atmosphere 2024, 15(8), 1016; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15081016 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 18 July 2024 / Revised: 12 August 2024 / Accepted: 18 August 2024 / Published: 21 August 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Planetary Atmospheres)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The study presents the compilation of a comprehensive catalog of solar energetic protons (SEPs) in solar cycles (SCs) 23 and 24 (1996–2019) in 10 energy channels from about 20 to 100 MeV based on data from the Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron (ERNE) instrument aboard Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). For comparison, we added previously reported SEP fluxes by a number of different sources. We identified the SEP-solar origin in terms of solar flares and coronal mass ejections and calculated the statistical correlations (Pearson and partial) as a function of the SEP energy.
Keywords: solar energetic protons; solar flares; coronal mass ejections solar energetic protons; solar flares; coronal mass ejections

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MDPI and ACS Style

Miteva, R.; Samwel, S.W.; Dechev, M. Energy Dependence of Solar Energetic Protons and Their Origin in Solar Cycles 23 and 24. Atmosphere 2024, 15, 1016. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15081016

AMA Style

Miteva R, Samwel SW, Dechev M. Energy Dependence of Solar Energetic Protons and Their Origin in Solar Cycles 23 and 24. Atmosphere. 2024; 15(8):1016. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15081016

Chicago/Turabian Style

Miteva, Rositsa, Susan W. Samwel, and Momchil Dechev. 2024. "Energy Dependence of Solar Energetic Protons and Their Origin in Solar Cycles 23 and 24" Atmosphere 15, no. 8: 1016. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15081016

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