Groundwater Recharge Decrease Replacing Pasture by Eucalyptus Plantation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data Acquisition
2.3. Rainfall and Groundwater Trend Analysis
2.4. Groundwater Recharge Estimating
2.5. Evapotranspiration
2.6. Statistical Analysis of Groundwater Levels
3. Results
3.1. Rainfall and Groundwater Trend Analysis
3.2. Groundwater Recharge
3.3. Evapotranspiration
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- Although annual rainfall variability strongly influenced the recharge rates, a comparison of periods with pasture and Eucalyptus coverage showed that land use changes affect groundwater availability. Eucalyptus plantation affected seasonal and annual hydrology of the study area by increasing evapotranspiration rates and, consequently, leading to a decrease in recharge and groundwater levels;
- Although the 2005 and 2012 (or 2013) years present annual rainfall similar to the long-term mean rainfall, the recharge reduced almost 44% in 2012 and more than 60% in 2013, leading to a groundwater level decrease of about 2.0 m and 3.0 m, respectively. Therefore, annual recharge estimates were lower in the Eucalyptus plantation period than in the pasture period, even with the increase in the annual rainfall amount.
- The high evapotranspiration by Eucalyptus forests tend to provide a decrease in groundwater recharge and groundwater levels, even in sandy soils with a high infiltration rate, such as in the GAS outcrop area.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mattos, T.S.; Oliveira, P.T.S.d.; Lucas, M.C.; Wendland, E. Groundwater Recharge Decrease Replacing Pasture by Eucalyptus Plantation. Water 2019, 11, 1213. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11061213
Mattos TS, Oliveira PTSd, Lucas MC, Wendland E. Groundwater Recharge Decrease Replacing Pasture by Eucalyptus Plantation. Water. 2019; 11(6):1213. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11061213
Chicago/Turabian StyleMattos, Tiago Souza, Paulo Tarso Sanches de Oliveira, Murilo Cesar Lucas, and Edson Wendland. 2019. "Groundwater Recharge Decrease Replacing Pasture by Eucalyptus Plantation" Water 11, no. 6: 1213. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11061213