Pollutants Source Assessment and Load Calculation in Baiyangdian Lake Using Multi-Model Statistical Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Area and Methods
2.1. Study Area and Basin Division
2.2. Data Collection and Information
2.3. Export Coefficient Modelling (ECM)
2.4. Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE)
2.5. PLOAD Model
2.6. Point Source Load
2.7. LOADEST Model
3. Results
3.1. Non-Point Source Load from Agriculture and Rural Areas
3.2. Pollutant Loads from Surface Runoff Erosion
3.2.1. Adsorbed Pollutant Loads
3.2.2. Dissolved Pollution Loads
3.3. Point Source Pollutant
3.4. Flux of Pollutants
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pollutant | Amount (t) | Percentage(%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Rural Life | Livestock and Poultry Breeding | Agricultural Cultivation | ||
Total nitrogen | 1073.82 | 38.48 | 29.59 | 31.93 |
Total phosphorus | 102.72 | 7.93 | 18.95 | 73.12 |
COD | 3349.33 | 18.15 | 70.16 | 11.69 |
River into Baiyangdian Lake | Load of Adsorbed Pollutants Generated by Soil Erosion (t/a) | ||
---|---|---|---|
COD | Total Nitrogen | Total Phosphorus | |
Bao River | 19.9 | 1.0 | 0.6 |
Fu River | 585.9 | 27.5 | 15.3 |
Baigouyin River | 495.4 | 56.4 | 2.6 |
Xiaoyi River | 161.7 | 9.2 | 2.2 |
Total | 1262.9 | 94.1 | 20.8 |
Pollutant | Fu River | Baigouyin River | Bao River | Xiaoyi River | Surrounding | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total nitrogen (t/a) | 38.80 | 37.88 | 1.72 | 27.20 | 2.31 | 107.91 |
Total phosphorus(t/a) | 1.34 | 1.10 | 0.04 | 0.93 | 0.05 | 3.47 |
COD (t/a) | 201.74 | 199.43 | 8.54 | 144.14 | 11.09 | 564.94 |
River into the Baiyangdian Lake | Total Traffic (100 Million Cubic Meters) | Water Replenishment (100 Million Cubic Meters) | The Total Amount of Pollutants (t) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
COD | Total Nitrogen | Total Phosphorus | |||
Fu River | 1.63 | 1.42 | 2813.3 | 844.8 | 27.6 |
Xiaoyi River | 0.65 | 0.65 | 919.1 | 223.6 | 4.2 |
Baigouyin River | 0.80 | 0.28 | 1063.2 | 150.5 | 3.7 |
Bao River | 0.36 | 0.36 | 286.7 | 53.6 | 0.99 |
Total | 3.44 | 2.71 | 5082.3 | 1272.5 | 36.5 |
Load Sources | Total Nitrogen | Total Phosphorus | Total COD | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amount (t) | Percentage (%) | Amount (t) | Percentage (%) | Amount (t) | Percentage (%) | |
Point pollutants | 271.01 | 14.37 | 21.49 | 15.35 | 1302.56 | 22.33 |
Agriculture and rural life | 1073.82 | 56.96 | 102.72 | 73.37 | 3349.33 | 57.43 |
Runoff | 107.91 | 5.72 | 3.47 | 2.48 | 564.94 | 9.69 |
Soil erosion | 432.61 | 22.95 | 12.33 | 8.81 | 615.52 | 10.55 |
Total | 1885.35 | 140.01 | 5832.35 | |||
Flux of pollutants | 1272.5 | - | 36.5 | - | 5082.3 | - |
Total Nitrogen (t) | Total Phosphorus (t) | Year | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
2123 | 175 | 1992 | Cui, 1995 [45] |
1966 | - | 2007 | Zhang et al., 2012 [48] |
3463 | 405 | 2007 | Zhu, 2011 [49] |
1234 | 97 | 2008 | Shi, 2012 [50] |
1356 | - | 2005–2010 | Zhao, 2013 [51] |
2018 | 313 | 1995–2015 | Zhang et al., 2021 [52] |
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Wang, G.; Lv, C.; Gu, C.; Yu, Y.; Yang, Z.; Zhang, Z.; Tang, C. Pollutants Source Assessment and Load Calculation in Baiyangdian Lake Using Multi-Model Statistical Analysis. Water 2022, 14, 3386. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14213386
Wang G, Lv C, Gu C, Yu Y, Yang Z, Zhang Z, Tang C. Pollutants Source Assessment and Load Calculation in Baiyangdian Lake Using Multi-Model Statistical Analysis. Water. 2022; 14(21):3386. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14213386
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Guangwei, Cuicui Lv, Congke Gu, Yang Yu, Zhenglun Yang, Zhixiong Zhang, and Changyuan Tang. 2022. "Pollutants Source Assessment and Load Calculation in Baiyangdian Lake Using Multi-Model Statistical Analysis" Water 14, no. 21: 3386. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14213386