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Article

Robust Magnetic γ-Fe2O3/Al–ZnO Adsorbent for Chlorpyriphos Removal in Water

by
Miryam Boulares
1,2,
Baha Chamam
1,
Amal Mejri
1,
Mohamed Ali Wahab
1,
Amani Haddouk
1,2,
Lassaad El Mir
3,
Ahmed Hichem Hamzaoui
4,
Amjad Kallel
5,
Chedly Tizaoui
6,* and
Ismail Trabelsi
1,*
1
Laboratory of Treatment and Valorization of Water Reject, Water Research and Technologies Center, Borj-Cedria Technopark, University of Carthage, Soliman 8020, Tunisia
2
Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna-Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
3
Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials Applied for the Environment (LaPhyMNE), Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Gabes University, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
4
Laboratory of Materials Valorisation, National Research Centre in Materials Science, Borj-Cedria Technopark, Soliman 8027, Tunisia
5
Laboratory of Water, Energy and Environment, Sfax National School of Engineering, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
6
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2022, 14(7), 1160; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14071160
Submission received: 14 February 2022 / Revised: 25 March 2022 / Accepted: 29 March 2022 / Published: 4 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Wastewater Treatment and Reuse)
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Abstract

In this research, the removal of the pesticide chlorpyriphos (CPE) from water by adsorption using a novel adsorbent made of γ-Fe2O3/Al-ZnO nanocomposite was studied. The adsorbent was characterized using Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The main parameters affecting the adsorption process, including the initial pH (2–12), the concentration of pesticide (10–70 ppm), the %Fe2O3 of the adsorbent, and the adsorption time (≤60 min), were studied. The results demonstrated that the adsorption of CPE depended on the pH, with a maximum removal of 92.3% achieved at around neutral pH. The adsorption isotherm was modelled and the results showed that the Freundlich model fitted the experimental data better than the Langmuir and Temkin models. The kinetics of adsorption were also studied and modelled using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, with the former being found more suitable. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis confirmed the adsorption of CPE on γ-Fe2O3/Al-ZnO, while FTIR analysis suggested that the hydroxyl, N-pyridine, and chloro functional groups governed the adsorption mechanism. Furthermore, VSM analysis revealed that the magnetization saturation of γ-Fe2O3/Al-ZnO nanocomposite, after CPE adsorption, was slightly lower than that of fresh γ-Fe2O3/Al-ZnO but remained adequate for the efficient separation of the adsorbent simply using a magnet. This study demonstrates that binary γ-Fe2O3/Al-ZnO magnetic nanocomposites are effective for the removal of chlorpyriphos and could be highly promising materials for the removal of emerging pollutants in wastewater.
Keywords: nanocomposites; magnetic adsorption; chlorpyriphos; pesticides; isotherm and kinetic nanocomposites; magnetic adsorption; chlorpyriphos; pesticides; isotherm and kinetic

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MDPI and ACS Style

Boulares, M.; Chamam, B.; Mejri, A.; Wahab, M.A.; Haddouk, A.; El Mir, L.; Hamzaoui, A.H.; Kallel, A.; Tizaoui, C.; Trabelsi, I. Robust Magnetic γ-Fe2O3/Al–ZnO Adsorbent for Chlorpyriphos Removal in Water. Water 2022, 14, 1160. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14071160

AMA Style

Boulares M, Chamam B, Mejri A, Wahab MA, Haddouk A, El Mir L, Hamzaoui AH, Kallel A, Tizaoui C, Trabelsi I. Robust Magnetic γ-Fe2O3/Al–ZnO Adsorbent for Chlorpyriphos Removal in Water. Water. 2022; 14(7):1160. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14071160

Chicago/Turabian Style

Boulares, Miryam, Baha Chamam, Amal Mejri, Mohamed Ali Wahab, Amani Haddouk, Lassaad El Mir, Ahmed Hichem Hamzaoui, Amjad Kallel, Chedly Tizaoui, and Ismail Trabelsi. 2022. "Robust Magnetic γ-Fe2O3/Al–ZnO Adsorbent for Chlorpyriphos Removal in Water" Water 14, no. 7: 1160. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14071160

APA Style

Boulares, M., Chamam, B., Mejri, A., Wahab, M. A., Haddouk, A., El Mir, L., Hamzaoui, A. H., Kallel, A., Tizaoui, C., & Trabelsi, I. (2022). Robust Magnetic γ-Fe2O3/Al–ZnO Adsorbent for Chlorpyriphos Removal in Water. Water, 14(7), 1160. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14071160

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