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Article

Identifying the Optimal Layout of Low-Impact Development Measures at an Urban Watershed Scale Using a Multi-Objective Decision-Making Framework

1
College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
2
China Academy of Urban Planning and Design, Beijing 100044, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2024, 16(14), 1969; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16141969
Submission received: 18 June 2024 / Revised: 7 July 2024 / Accepted: 8 July 2024 / Published: 11 July 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Flood Mitigation and Sustainable Stormwater Management)

Abstract

This study introduces a spatial layout framework for the multi-objective optimization of low-impact development (LID) measures at an urban watershed scale, targeting the mitigation of urban flooding and water pollution exacerbated by urbanization. The framework, tailored for the Dahongmen area within Beijing’s Liangshui River Watershed, integrates the storm water management model (SWMM) with the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). It optimizes LID deployment by balancing annual costs, volume capture ratio of rainfall, runoff pollution control rate, and the reduction in heat island potential (HIPR). High-resolution comprehensive runoff and land use data calibrate the model, ensuring the realism of the optimization approach. The selection of optimal solutions from the Pareto front is guided by weights determined through both the entropy weight method and subjective weight method, employing the TOPSIS method. The research highlights the positive, nonlinear correlation between cost and environmental benefits, particularly in reducing heat island effects, offering vital decision-making insights. It also identifies a critical weight range in specific decision-making scenarios, providing a scientific basis for rational weight assignment in practical engineering. This study exemplifies the benefits of comprehensive multi-objective optimization, with expectations of markedly improving the efficacy of large-scale LID implementations.
Keywords: low-impact development practices; multi-objective optimization; decision making; urban watershed scale low-impact development practices; multi-objective optimization; decision making; urban watershed scale

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MDPI and ACS Style

Xie, X.; Chu, Q.; Qiu, Z.; Liu, G.; Jia, S. Identifying the Optimal Layout of Low-Impact Development Measures at an Urban Watershed Scale Using a Multi-Objective Decision-Making Framework. Water 2024, 16, 1969. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16141969

AMA Style

Xie X, Chu Q, Qiu Z, Liu G, Jia S. Identifying the Optimal Layout of Low-Impact Development Measures at an Urban Watershed Scale Using a Multi-Objective Decision-Making Framework. Water. 2024; 16(14):1969. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16141969

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xie, Xianpeng, Qi Chu, Zefeng Qiu, Guangqi Liu, and Shuhui Jia. 2024. "Identifying the Optimal Layout of Low-Impact Development Measures at an Urban Watershed Scale Using a Multi-Objective Decision-Making Framework" Water 16, no. 14: 1969. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16141969

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