Toxic Congo Red Dye Photodegradation Employing Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Gum Arabic

Alhasan, Huda S.; Omran, Alaa R.; Al Mahmud, Abdullah; Mady, Amr Hussein; Thalji, Mohammad R.

doi:10.3390/w16152202

Open AccessArticle

Toxic Congo Red Dye Photodegradation Employing Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Gum Arabic

by

Huda S. Alhasan

^1,*

,

Alaa R. Omran

¹,

Abdullah Al Mahmud

²

,

Amr Hussein Mady

^2,3

and

Mohammad R. Thalji

^4,*

¹

Environmental Research and Studies Center, University of Babylon, Hilla 51002, Iraq

²

School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

³

Petrochemical Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt

⁴

Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), 200 Hyeokshin-ro, Naju 58330, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Water 2024, 16(15), 2202; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16152202

Submission received: 2 July 2024 / Revised: 27 July 2024 / Accepted: 29 July 2024 / Published: 2 August 2024

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Porous Materials and Their Applications in Water Pollution Control and Resource Recycling)

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Abstract

A green synthesis method for producing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was presented using natural Gum Arabic (GA) as a natural stabilizing agent. For the first time, the as-synthesized ZnO NPs were employed to photodegrade the toxic Congo Red (CR) dye in an aqueous solution. The structural and morphological characterizations confirmed the successful synthesis of ZnO NPs. The ZnO NPs possessed an average crystallite size of 42.7 nm. In addition, it was found that a concentration of 20 mg L⁻¹ of CR dye yielded the most favorable photodegradation results, and 4 mg mL⁻¹ of the photocatalyst was the optimal amount. The results showed a maximum degradation percentage of 99.5% at pH 8 after 30 min of irradiation. This indicates that the as-synthesized ZnO NPs have remarkable photocatalytic properties. Moreover, the study demonstrated the suitability of the pseudo-first-order kinetic model for representing the photodegradation process through kinetic studies of the photocatalyst process of CR dye by ZnO NPs using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model.

Keywords: zinc oxide; gum Arabic; green synthesis; Congo red dyes; photodegradation; Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) kinetic model

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MDPI and ACS Style

Alhasan, H.S.; Omran, A.R.; Al Mahmud, A.; Mady, A.H.; Thalji, M.R. Toxic Congo Red Dye Photodegradation Employing Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Gum Arabic. Water 2024, 16, 2202. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16152202

AMA Style

Alhasan HS, Omran AR, Al Mahmud A, Mady AH, Thalji MR. Toxic Congo Red Dye Photodegradation Employing Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Gum Arabic. Water. 2024; 16(15):2202. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16152202

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alhasan, Huda S., Alaa R. Omran, Abdullah Al Mahmud, Amr Hussein Mady, and Mohammad R. Thalji. 2024. "Toxic Congo Red Dye Photodegradation Employing Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Gum Arabic" Water 16, no. 15: 2202. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16152202

APA Style

Alhasan, H. S., Omran, A. R., Al Mahmud, A., Mady, A. H., & Thalji, M. R. (2024). Toxic Congo Red Dye Photodegradation Employing Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Gum Arabic. Water, 16(15), 2202. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16152202

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Toxic Congo Red Dye Photodegradation Employing Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Gum Arabic

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