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10.3390/land2030351
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Concept Paper

Design and Interpretation of Intensity Analysis Illustrated by Land Change in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

by
Robert Gilmore Pontius, Jr.
1,*,
Yan Gao
2,
Nicholas M. Giner
1,
Takashi Kohyama
2,
Mitsuru Osaki
3 and
Kazuyo Hirose
4
1
Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, Worcester, MA 10610, USA
2
Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
3
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9W9, Sapporo 064-8589, Japan
4
Japan Space Systems, 3-5-8 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0011, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Land 2013, 2(3), 351-369; https://doi.org/10.3390/land2030351
Submission received: 2 May 2013 / Revised: 18 June 2013 / Accepted: 10 July 2013 / Published: 16 July 2013
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Abstract

Intensity Analysis has become popular as a top-down hierarchical accounting framework to analyze differences among categories, such as changes in land categories over time. Some aspects of interpretation are straightforward, while other aspects require deeper thought. This article explains how to interpret Intensity Analysis with respect to four concepts. First, we illustrate how to analyze whether error could account for non-uniform changes. Second, we explore two types of the large dormant category phenomenon. Third, we show how results can be sensitive to the selection of the domain. Fourth, we explain how Intensity Analysis’ symmetric top-down hierarchy influences interpretation with respect to temporal processes, for which changes during a time interval influence the sizes of the categories at the final time, but not at the initial time. We illustrate these concepts by applying Intensity Analysis to changes during one time interval (2000–2004) in a part of Central Kalimantan for the land categories Forest, Bare and Grass.
Keywords: category; change; deforestation; error; Intensity Analysis; Kalimantan; land; matrix; Markov; transition category; change; deforestation; error; Intensity Analysis; Kalimantan; land; matrix; Markov; transition

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pontius, R.G., Jr.; Gao, Y.; Giner, N.M.; Kohyama, T.; Osaki, M.; Hirose, K. Design and Interpretation of Intensity Analysis Illustrated by Land Change in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Land 2013, 2, 351-369. https://doi.org/10.3390/land2030351

AMA Style

Pontius RG Jr., Gao Y, Giner NM, Kohyama T, Osaki M, Hirose K. Design and Interpretation of Intensity Analysis Illustrated by Land Change in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Land. 2013; 2(3):351-369. https://doi.org/10.3390/land2030351

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pontius, Robert Gilmore, Jr., Yan Gao, Nicholas M. Giner, Takashi Kohyama, Mitsuru Osaki, and Kazuyo Hirose. 2013. "Design and Interpretation of Intensity Analysis Illustrated by Land Change in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia" Land 2, no. 3: 351-369. https://doi.org/10.3390/land2030351

APA Style

Pontius, R. G., Jr., Gao, Y., Giner, N. M., Kohyama, T., Osaki, M., & Hirose, K. (2013). Design and Interpretation of Intensity Analysis Illustrated by Land Change in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Land, 2(3), 351-369. https://doi.org/10.3390/land2030351

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