The Fluid Mobilities of K and Zr in Subduction Zones: Thermodynamic Constraints
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods and Limitations
3. Results of Modeling
4. Discussion
4.1. The Mobility of K and Other LILEs in Cl-Free Slab Fluids
4.2. The Effect of NaCl in Mobilizing K and Other LILEs
4.3. The Immobility of Zr and Other HFSEs in Slab Fluids
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- Eclogite-buffered fluids can have K solubility greater than 0.1 molal under sub-arc P-T conditions, as products of phengite dissolution. Direct devolatilization of oceanic basalts would only mobilize trace amounts of K and other LILEs, and externally sourced, serpentinite-derived fluids should be required for LILE enrichment of the mantle wedge. Although, large amounts of LILEs could be retained in the subducting crust and recycled to deep mantle beyond sub-arc depths.
- (2)
- Sodium chloride can increase the solubilities of K and other LILEs in slab fluids, but the formation of LILE-chloride complexes only plays a subsidiary role in solubility elevation. Sodium ion (Na+) in the fluid can replace K and Mg in phengite, leading to formation of the jadeite end member, breakdown of phengite and, thus, liberation of K and other LILEs.
- (3)
- Under sub-arc conditions, the solubilities of Zr in slab fluids are hundreds to thousands of times lower than those of K. This further confirms the idea that HFSEs are immobile in slab fluids.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
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Altered Oceanic Basalt | |
---|---|
SiO2 | 51.23 |
Al2O3 | 14.80 |
MgO | 8.36 |
FeO | 9.28 |
Fe2O3 | 1.98 |
CaO | 11.38 |
Na2O | 2.75 |
K2O | 0.10 |
ZrO2 | 0.12 |
Aqueous Species | ||
---|---|---|
H2O | Mg2+ | FeCl+ |
H+ | MgOH+ | FeCl2(aq) |
OH− | MgCl+ | Fe3+ |
H2(aq) | Mg(HSiO3)+ | FeOH2+ |
O2(aq) | Ca2+ | FeCl2+ |
SiO2(aq) | CaOH+ | FeO (aq) |
Cl- | CaCl+ | FeO+ |
HCl(aq) | CaCl2(aq) | HFeO2(aq) |
Na+ | Al3+ | FeO2− |
NaOH(aq) | AlOH2+ | Zr4+ |
NaCl(aq) | Al(OH)2+ | ZrOH3+ |
Na(HSiO3) | AlO2− | ZrO2+ |
K+ | HAlO2(aq) | HZrO2+ |
KOH(aq) | Fe2+ | ZrO2(aq) |
KCl(aq) | FeOH+ | HZrO3- |
Minerals | Formula |
---|---|
Magnetite (Mt) | Fe3O4 |
Hematite (Hm) | Fe2O3 |
Coesite (Coe) | SiO2 |
Quartz (Qt) | SiO2 |
Sillimanite (Sil) | Al2SiO5 |
Kyanite (Ky) | Al2SiO5 |
Lawsonite (Law) | CaAl2Si2O10H4 |
Zircon (Zrn) | ZrSiO4 |
Mineral | End Member | Formula | Activity Model |
---|---|---|---|
Clinopyroxene (Cpx) | diopside | CaMgSi2O6 | Symmetrical Wdiopside − Whedenbergite = 4 Wdiopside − Wjadeite = 26 Wdiopside − Wacmite = 15 Wjadeite − Whedenbergite = 24 Wacmite − Whedenbergite = 14 Wjadeite − Wacmite = 5 |
hedenbergite | CaFeSi2O6 | ||
jadeite | NaAlSi2O6 | ||
acmite | NaFeSi2O6 | ||
Garnet (Gr) | almandine | Fe3Al2Si3O12 | Symmetrical Walmandine − Wpyrope = 2.5 Walmandine − Wgrossular = 10 Walmandine − Wandradite = 75 Wpyrope − Wgrossular = 45 Wpyrope − Wandratite = 90 Wgrossular − Wandratite = 0 |
pyrope | Mg3Al2Si3O12 | ||
grossular | Ca3Al2Si3O12 | ||
andradite | Ca3Fe2Si3O12 | ||
Chlorite (Chl) | daphnite | Fe5Al2Si3O10(OH)4 | Symmetrical |
Al-free chlorite | Mg6Si4O10(OH)4 | Wdaphnite − WAl-free chlorite = 14.5 | |
amesite | Mg4Al4Si2O10(OH)4 | Wdaphnite − Wamesite = 13.5 | |
clinochlore | Mg5Al2Si3O10(OH)4 | Wdaphnite − Wclinochlore = 2.5 | |
WAl-free chlorite − Wamesite = 20 | |||
WAl-free chlorite − Wclinochlore = 18 | |||
Wamesite − Wclinochlore = 18 | |||
Talc (Tc) | talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 | Ideal |
Fe-talc | Fe3Si4O10(OH)2 | ||
Epidote (Ep) | clinozoisite | Ca2Al3Si3O12(OH) | Symmetrical Wclinozoisite − Wepidote = 0 Wclinozoisite − WFe-epidote = 15.4 Wepidote − WFe-epidote = 3 |
epidote | Ca2FeAl2Si3O12(OH) | ||
Fe-epidote | Ca2Fe2AlSi3O12(OH) | ||
Phengite (Phg) | muscovite | KAl3Si3O10(OH)2 | Ideal |
celadonite | KMgAlSi4O10(OH)2 |
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Zhong, R.; Zhang, M.; Yu, C.; Cui, H. The Fluid Mobilities of K and Zr in Subduction Zones: Thermodynamic Constraints. Minerals 2021, 11, 394. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11040394
Zhong R, Zhang M, Yu C, Cui H. The Fluid Mobilities of K and Zr in Subduction Zones: Thermodynamic Constraints. Minerals. 2021; 11(4):394. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11040394
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhong, Richen, Min Zhang, Chang Yu, and Hao Cui. 2021. "The Fluid Mobilities of K and Zr in Subduction Zones: Thermodynamic Constraints" Minerals 11, no. 4: 394. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11040394