Hypolipidemic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Holarrhena pubescens Methanolic Extract Is Mediated through Inhibition of Lipase Activity and Lipid Accumulation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation and Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Analysis of the Extract
2.3. Animals
2.4. Hypolipidemic Activity
2.5. Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect
2.6. Lipid Accumulation in 3T3L1-Preadipocytes
2.7. Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) Inhibition
2.8. Lipase Inhibition Activity
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis
3.2. Hypolipidemic Activity in Normal Animals
3.3. Antihyperlipidemic Effect
3.4. Lipid Accumulation in 3T3L1-Preadipocytes Cell Line
3.5. DPP-IV Inhibition Activity
3.6. Lipase Inhibition Activity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Contents | Percentage |
---|---|
Crude Protein | 18.18% |
Crude Fat | 3.20% |
Crude Fibers | 5.00% |
Total Ash | 5.45% |
Calcium | 1.26% |
Salts | 0.5% |
Phosphorus | 0.54% |
Vitamin A | 20 IU/mg |
Vitamin B | 20 IU/mg |
Vitamin E | 2.2 IU/mg |
Number | Compound Name | Formula | Ion | Observed Mass |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. | 4-(Methylsulfinyl)butylglucosinolate | C20H41NO4 | Positive | 359.303 |
2. | 7-Hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin | C10H8O3 | Positive | 176.047 |
3. | Canthaxanthin | C20H41NO4 | Positive | 359.303 |
4. | Chlorogenic acid Hemihydrate | C16H18O9 | Positive | 354.095 |
5. | Cystathionine | C20H41NO4 | Positive | 359.303 |
6. | DL-Dihydrozeatin | C13H20O3 | Positive | 224.141 |
7. | Esculin sesquihydrate | C16H18O9 | Positive | 354.095 |
8. | Farnesol (mixture of isomers) | C13H20O3 | Positive | 224.141 |
9. | Fusaric acid | C10H13NO2 | Positive | 179.094 |
10. | Methyl Jasmonate | C13H20O3 | Positive | 224.141 |
11. | N-Acetyl-Phytosphingosine | C20H41NO4 | Positive | 359.303 |
12. | Rape seed mixture glucosinolates | C23H24O13 | Positive | 347.22 |
13. | Scoulerin | C19H21NO4 | Positive | 327.147 |
14. | Sodium Deoxycholate | C24H40O4 | Positive | 392.292 |
15. | 1-Myristoyl-2-Hydroxy-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphate (Sodium Salt) | C17H35O7P | Negative | 381.2724 |
16. | 2′-Deoxycytidine | C9H13N3O4 | Negative | 227.2955 |
17. | 6-Phosphogluconic acid Barium salt hydrate | C6H13O10P | Negative | 279.3961 |
18. | Acacetin | C16H12O5 | Negative | 281.3870 |
19. | alpha-D-Galactose-1-phosphate Dipotassium Salt | C6H13O9P | Negative | 255.3365 |
20. | D-(-)-Quinic acid | C7H12O6 | Negative | 191.0891 |
21. | D-Glucosamine-6-phosphate sodium salt | C6H14NO8P | Negative | 253.3457 |
22. | D-Glucuronic acid | C6H10O7 | Negative | 193.1474 |
23. | Lignoceric Acid | C24H48O2 | Negative | 367.2342 |
24. | Uridine-5′-monophosphate | C9H13N2O9P | Negative | 325.3563 |
25. | Xanthosine | C10H12N4O6 | Negative | 283.4454 |
26. | Xanthosine-5′-monophosphate disodium salt | C10H13N4O9P | Negative | 367.2679 |
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Alyahya, A.A.I.; Asad, M.; Alrouji, M.; Abdelsalam, K.E.A.; Al-Mutairi, A.M.R.; Ahmed, M.A.I. Hypolipidemic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Holarrhena pubescens Methanolic Extract Is Mediated through Inhibition of Lipase Activity and Lipid Accumulation. Life 2023, 13, 1435. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13071435
Alyahya AAI, Asad M, Alrouji M, Abdelsalam KEA, Al-Mutairi AMR, Ahmed MAI. Hypolipidemic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Holarrhena pubescens Methanolic Extract Is Mediated through Inhibition of Lipase Activity and Lipid Accumulation. Life. 2023; 13(7):1435. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13071435
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlyahya, AbdulRahman A. I., Mohammed Asad, Mohammed Alrouji, Kamal Eldin Ahmed Abdelsalam, Adel Mashan Rashed Al-Mutairi, and Monjid Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed. 2023. "Hypolipidemic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Holarrhena pubescens Methanolic Extract Is Mediated through Inhibition of Lipase Activity and Lipid Accumulation" Life 13, no. 7: 1435. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13071435