Characteristics and Utility of Fluorescein Breakup Patterns among Dry Eyes in Clinic-Based Settings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Subjects
2.2. Clinical Assessment
2.2.1. Tear Function Tests and Ocular Surface Evaluation
2.2.2. Classifications of DED Subgroups
2.2.3. Subjective Eye Symptoms Questionnaire
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Study Population
3.2. FBUPs in Relation to Tear Function Tests and Ocular Surface Evaluation
3.3. FBUPs in Relation to DED Subgroups
3.4. FBUPs of ADDE and Short FBUT-DE Subgroups
3.5. FBUPs in Relation to Subjective Eye Symptoms Questionnaire
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AB | area break |
ADDE | aqueous-deficient dry eye |
BUT | tear breakup time |
CL | contact lens |
DB | dimple break |
DECS-J | Dry Eye Cross-Sectional Study in Japan |
DED | dry eye disease |
DEQS | Dry Eye-Related Quality of Life Score |
DEWS | Dry Eye WorkShop |
DVD | digital versatile disc |
FBUPs | fluorescein breakup patterns |
FBUT | fluorescein breakup time |
IRB | institutional review board |
LB | line break |
MGD | meibomian gland dysfunction |
NIBUT | non-invasive tear breakup time |
RB | random break |
Short FBUT-DE | short fluorescein breakup time dry eye |
SB | spot break |
SD | standard deviation |
SE | standard error |
SLK | superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis |
TBUT | tear film breakup time |
VDT | visual display terminal |
References
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Patients Eyes (%) | Age (yrs) | p Value (vs. Line) | Woman Eyes (%) | p Value (vs. Line) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | 867 (100) | 62.5 ± 15.8 | 749 (86.4) | ||
Line break | 448 (51.6) | 64.3 ± 14.6 | N/A | 384 (85.7) | N/A |
Area break | 40 (4.6) | 65.3 ± 17.6 | 0.71 | 33 (82.5) | 0.58 |
Spot break | 91 (10.5) | 57.4 ± 16.1 * | 0.0001 | 83 (91.2) | 0.16 |
Dimple break | 141 (16.3) | 61.6 ± 17.5 | 0.07 | 126 (89.4) | 0.27 |
Random break | 117 (13.5) | 59.0 ± 16.0 * | <0.01 | 103 (88.0) | 0.52 |
Undefined | 30 (3.5) | 64.4 ± 15.6 | 0.99 | 20 (66.7) * | <0.01 |
Sjögren Syndrome | Aqueous Deficiency | Short FBUT | MGD | CL | Friction | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Line break | 10.2 | 47.0 | 26.9 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 4.2 |
Area break | 15.0 | 60.0 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 12.5 | 5.0 |
Spot break | 8.6 | 30.9 | 38.3 | 6.2 | 7.4 | 8.6 |
Dimple break | 1.5 | 17.8 | 51.9 | 13.3 | 8.9 | 6.7 |
Random break | 6.0 | 25.3 | 18.1 | 16.9 | 18.1 | 15.7 |
Undefined | 8.0 | 32.0 | 16.0 | 16.0 | 8.0 | 20.0 |
Area Break | Line Break | Spot Break | Dimple Break | Random Break | Undefined | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ADDE | 8.1 | 66.6 | 8.6 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 2.7 |
short FBUT-DE | 0.8 | 48.7 | 13.0 | 29.4 | 6.3 | 1.7 |
FBUPs | ADDE | Short FBUT-DE |
Area, Line | Spot, Dimple | |
Sensitivity | 0.747 | 0.416 |
Specificity | 0.541 | 0.794 |
Pre-test probability | 0.466 | 0.299 |
Post-test probability | 0.587 | 0.463 |
Positive likelihood ratio | 1.627 | 2.018 |
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Shigeyasu, C.; Yamada, M.; Yokoi, N.; Kawashima, M.; Suwaki, K.; Uchino, M.; Hiratsuka, Y.; Tsubota, K.; on behalf of the DECS-J Study Group. Characteristics and Utility of Fluorescein Breakup Patterns among Dry Eyes in Clinic-Based Settings. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 711. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10090711
Shigeyasu C, Yamada M, Yokoi N, Kawashima M, Suwaki K, Uchino M, Hiratsuka Y, Tsubota K, on behalf of the DECS-J Study Group. Characteristics and Utility of Fluorescein Breakup Patterns among Dry Eyes in Clinic-Based Settings. Diagnostics. 2020; 10(9):711. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10090711
Chicago/Turabian StyleShigeyasu, Chika, Masakazu Yamada, Norihiko Yokoi, Motoko Kawashima, Kazuhisa Suwaki, Miki Uchino, Yoshimune Hiratsuka, Kazuo Tsubota, and on behalf of the DECS-J Study Group. 2020. "Characteristics and Utility of Fluorescein Breakup Patterns among Dry Eyes in Clinic-Based Settings" Diagnostics 10, no. 9: 711. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10090711