Diplopia Is Frequent and Associated with Motor and Non-Motor Severity in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from the COPPADIS Cohort at 2-Year Follow-Up

Santos García, Diego; Naya Ríos, Lucía; de Deus Fonticoba, Teresa; Cores Bartolomé, Carlos; García Roca, Lucía; Feal Painceiras, Maria; Martínez Miró, Cristina; Canfield, Hector; Jesús, Silvia; Aguilar, Miquel; Pastor, Pau; Cosgaya, Marina; García Caldentey, Juan; Caballol, Nuria; Legarda, Inés; Hernández Vara, Jorge; Cabo, Iria; López Manzanares, Lydia; González Aramburu, Isabel; Ávila Rivera, María A.; Gómez Mayordomo, Víctor; Nogueira, Víctor; Puente, Víctor; Dotor, Julio; Borrué, Carmen; Solano Vila, Berta; Álvarez Sauco, María; Vela, Lydia; Escalante, Sonia; Cubo, Esther; Carrillo Padilla, Francisco; Martínez Castrillo, Juan C.; Sánchez Alonso, Pilar; Alonso Losada, Maria G.; López Ariztegui, Nuria; Gastón, Itziar; Kulisevsky, Jaime; Blázquez Estrada, Marta; Seijo, Manuel; Rúiz Martínez, Javier; Valero, Caridad; Kurtis, Mónica; de Fábregues, Oriol; González Ardura, Jessica; Alonso Redondo, Ruben; Ordás, Carlos; López Díaz, Luis M.; McAfee, Darrian; Martinez-Martin, Pablo; Mir, Pablo

doi:10.3390/diagnostics11122380

Open AccessArticle

Diplopia Is Frequent and Associated with Motor and Non-Motor Severity in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from the COPPADIS Cohort at 2-Year Follow-Up

by

Diego Santos García

^1,*

,

Lucía Naya Ríos

¹,

Teresa de Deus Fonticoba

²,

Carlos Cores Bartolomé

¹

,

Lucía García Roca

¹,

Maria Feal Painceiras

¹,

Cristina Martínez Miró

¹

,

Hector Canfield

²,

Silvia Jesús

^3,4,

Miquel Aguilar

⁵,

Pau Pastor

⁵,

Marina Cosgaya

⁶,

Juan García Caldentey

⁷,

Nuria Caballol

⁸,

Inés Legarda

⁹,

Jorge Hernández Vara

¹⁰

,

Iria Cabo

¹¹

,

Lydia López Manzanares

¹²,

Isabel González Aramburu

^4,13

,

María A. Ávila Rivera

¹⁴,

Víctor Gómez Mayordomo

¹⁵

,

Víctor Nogueira

¹⁶,

Víctor Puente

¹⁷,

Julio Dotor

¹⁸,

Carmen Borrué

¹⁹,

Berta Solano Vila

²⁰,

María Álvarez Sauco

²¹,

Lydia Vela

²²,

Sonia Escalante

²³,

Esther Cubo

²⁴,

Francisco Carrillo Padilla

²⁵,

Juan C. Martínez Castrillo

²⁶

,

Pilar Sánchez Alonso

²⁷,

Maria G. Alonso Losada

²⁸,

Nuria López Ariztegui

²⁹

,

Itziar Gastón

³⁰,

Jaime Kulisevsky

^4,31,

Marta Blázquez Estrada

³²,

Manuel Seijo

¹¹,

Javier Rúiz Martínez

³³,

Caridad Valero

³⁴,

Mónica Kurtis

³⁵,

Oriol de Fábregues

¹⁰

,

Jessica González Ardura

³⁶,

Ruben Alonso Redondo

³⁷,

Carlos Ordás

³⁸,

Luis M. López Díaz

³⁹,

Darrian McAfee

⁴⁰,

Pablo Martinez-Martin

⁴

and

Pablo Mir

^3,4,† on behalf of the COPPADIS Study Group Show full author list Hide full author list

¹

CHUAC, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain

²

CHUF, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, 15006 A Coruña, Spain

³

Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain

⁴

CIBERNED (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), 28031 Madrid, Spain

⁵

Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, 08221 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain

⁶

Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain

⁷

Centro Neurológico Oms 42, 07003 Palma de Mallorca, Spain

⁸

Consorci Sanitari Integral, Hospital Moisés Broggi, 08970 Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona, Spain

⁹

Hospital Universitario Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain

¹⁰

Hospital Universitario Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain

¹¹

Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra (CHOP), 36071 Pontevedra, Spain

¹²

Hospital Universitario La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain

¹³

Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain

¹⁴

Consorci Sanitari Integral, Hospital General de L’Hospitalet, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08906 Barcelona, Spain

¹⁵

Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain

¹⁶

Hospital Da Costa, Burela, 27880 Lugo, Spain

¹⁷

Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain

¹⁸

Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, 41009 Sevilla, Spain

¹⁹

Hospital Infanta Sofía, 28703 Madrid, Spain

²⁰

Institut d’Assistència Sanitària (IAS)—Institut Català de la Salut, 17190 Girona, Spain

²¹

Hospital General Universitario de Elche, 03203 Elche, Spain

²²

Fundación Hospital de Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain

²³

Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta (HTVC), Tortosa, 43500 Tarragona, Spain

²⁴

Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Burgos, 09006 Burgos, Spain

²⁵

Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain

²⁶

Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain

²⁷

Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, 28222 Madrid, Spain

²⁸

Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), 36213 Vigo, Spain

²⁹

Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, 45004 Toledo, Spain

³⁰

Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain

³¹

Hospital de Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain

³²

Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain

³³

Hospital Universitario Donostia, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain

³⁴

Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 46015 Valencia, Spain

³⁵

Hospital Ruber Internacional, 28034 Madrid, Spain

³⁶

Hospital de Cabueñes, 33394 Gijón, Spain

³⁷

Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA), 27003 Lugo, Spain

³⁸

Hospital Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Madrid, Spain

³⁹

Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Orense (CHUO), 32005 Orense, Spain

⁴⁰

University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA

Show full affiliation list

Hide full affiliation list

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

Collaborators of the COPPADIS Study Group is provided in the Supplementary Material.

Diagnostics 2021, 11(12), 2380; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11122380

Submission received: 23 November 2021 / Revised: 9 December 2021 / Accepted: 14 December 2021 / Published: 17 December 2021

(This article belongs to the Section Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics)

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Abstract

Background and objective: Diplopia is relatively common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) but is still understudied. Our aim was to analyze the frequency of diplopia in PD patients from a multicenter Spanish cohort, to compare the frequency with a control group, and to identify factors associated with it. Patients and Methods: PD patients who were recruited from January 2016 to November 2017 (baseline visit; V0) and evaluated again at a 2-year ± 30 days follow-up (V2) from 35 centers of Spain from the COPPADIS cohort were included in this longitudinal prospective study. The patients and controls were classified as “with diplopia” or “without diplopia” according to item 15 of the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) at V0, V1 (1-year ± 15 days), and V2 for the patients and at V0 and V2 for the controls. Results: The frequency of diplopia in the PD patients was 13.6% (94/691) at V0 (1.9% in controls [4/206]; p < 0.0001), 14.2% (86/604) at V1, and 17.1% (86/502) at V2 (0.8% in controls [1/124]; p < 0.0001), with a period prevalence of 24.9% (120/481). Visual hallucinations at any visit from V0 to V2 (OR = 2.264; 95%CI, 1.269–4.039; p = 0.006), a higher score on the NMSS at V0 (OR = 1.009; 95%CI, 1.012–1.024; p = 0.015), and a greater increase from V0 to V2 on the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale–III (OR = 1.039; 95%CI, 1.023–1.083; p < 0.0001) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (OR = 1.028; 95%CI, 1.001–1.057; p = 0.049) scores were independent factors associated with diplopia (R² = 0.25; Hosmer and Lemeshow test, p = 0.716). Conclusions: Diplopia represents a frequent symptom in PD patients and is associated with motor and non-motor severity.

Keywords: changes; motor; Parkinson’s disease; phenotype; PIGD; Tremor

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MDPI and ACS Style

Santos García, D.; Naya Ríos, L.; de Deus Fonticoba, T.; Cores Bartolomé, C.; García Roca, L.; Feal Painceiras, M.; Martínez Miró, C.; Canfield, H.; Jesús, S.; Aguilar, M.; et al. Diplopia Is Frequent and Associated with Motor and Non-Motor Severity in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from the COPPADIS Cohort at 2-Year Follow-Up. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 2380. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11122380

AMA Style

Santos García D, Naya Ríos L, de Deus Fonticoba T, Cores Bartolomé C, García Roca L, Feal Painceiras M, Martínez Miró C, Canfield H, Jesús S, Aguilar M, et al. Diplopia Is Frequent and Associated with Motor and Non-Motor Severity in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from the COPPADIS Cohort at 2-Year Follow-Up. Diagnostics. 2021; 11(12):2380. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11122380

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santos García, Diego, Lucía Naya Ríos, Teresa de Deus Fonticoba, Carlos Cores Bartolomé, Lucía García Roca, Maria Feal Painceiras, Cristina Martínez Miró, Hector Canfield, Silvia Jesús, Miquel Aguilar, and et al. 2021. "Diplopia Is Frequent and Associated with Motor and Non-Motor Severity in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from the COPPADIS Cohort at 2-Year Follow-Up" Diagnostics 11, no. 12: 2380. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11122380

APA Style

Santos García, D., Naya Ríos, L., de Deus Fonticoba, T., Cores Bartolomé, C., García Roca, L., Feal Painceiras, M., Martínez Miró, C., Canfield, H., Jesús, S., Aguilar, M., Pastor, P., Cosgaya, M., García Caldentey, J., Caballol, N., Legarda, I., Hernández Vara, J., Cabo, I., López Manzanares, L., González Aramburu, I., ... Mir, P., on behalf of the COPPADIS Study Group. (2021). Diplopia Is Frequent and Associated with Motor and Non-Motor Severity in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from the COPPADIS Cohort at 2-Year Follow-Up. Diagnostics, 11(12), 2380. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11122380

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Diplopia Is Frequent and Associated with Motor and Non-Motor Severity in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from the COPPADIS Cohort at 2-Year Follow-Up

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