Fungal Periprosthetic Hip Joint Infections
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Case No | Year | Author | Gender/Age | Fungus | Co-Infection | Immunosuppressive Medication and Conditions | Number of Previous Revisions | Reason of the Previous Revision | T from Implantation to Symptomatology (Months) | T from Symptom Onset to Diagnosis (Months) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2001 | Ramamohan et al. [15] | F/65 | C. glabrata | − | − | 1 | Aseptic loosening | 48 | − |
2 | 2001 | Merrer et al. [16] | F/81 | C. albicans | − | DM, Colonic carcinoma | − | − | 144 | − |
3 | 2001 | Marra et al. [17] | M/59 | C. albicans | − | − | 2 | Aseptic loosening | 84 | − |
4 | 2001 | Bruce et al. [18] | F/68 | C. albicans | − | − | − | − | 24 | − |
5 | 2001 | Bruce et al. [18] | F/51 | C. parapsilosis | − | − | − | − | 72 | 36 |
6 | 2002 | Phelanet al. [19] | F/75 | C. albicans | − | − | >2 | Infection | 32.7 | 27.6 |
7 | 2002 | Phelanet al. [19] | F/60 | C. albicans | − | − | 1 | Infection | 14.9 | 10.1 |
8 | 2002 | Phelanet al. [19] | M/83 | C. albicans | − | − | − | − | 184.2 | 179.6 |
9 | 2002 | Phelanet al. [19] | M/44 | C. albicans | − | Rheumatoid arthritis | 2 | − | 10 | − |
10 | 2002 | Phelanet al. [19] | F/75 | C. parapsilosis | − | − | − | − | 60.1 | 36 |
11 | 2002 | Cutrona et al. [20] | NR/NR | Rhodotorula minuta | − | − | − | − | − | − |
12 | 2004 | Lazzarini et al. [21] | M/63 | C. albicans | − | Chronic monocytic leukemia | − | Infection | 7 | − |
13 | 2005 | Lejko- Zupanc et al. [22] | M/74 | C. glabrata | − | − | − | Loosening | − | 72 |
14 | 2008 | Antony et al. [23] | F/67 | C. parapsilosis | − | − | − | − | − | − |
15 | 2008 | Azam et al. [24] | M/73 | C. tropicalis | − | − | − | − | 108 | − |
16 | 2009 | Johannsson B and Cakkaggab JJ [25] | M/84 | Cryptococcus neoformans | − | Untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia, prostate carcinoma | >1 | Infection | 108 | − |
17 | 2010 | Kelesidis T and Tsiodraas S [26] | F/93 | C. albicans | − | Colonic carcinoma DM | − | − | 5 | − |
18 | 2010 | Dutronc et al. [27] | F/85 | C. albicans | − | Uterine cancer | >1 | Infection | − | − |
19 | 2010 | Dutronc et al. [27] | M/66 | C. parapsilosis | − | Chronic kidney failure | >1 | Infection | − | − |
20 | 2010 | Dutronc et al. [27] | M/77 | C. parapsilosis | − | − | >1 | Infection | 5 | − |
21 | 2011 | Gottesman-Yekutiel et al. [28] | F/66 | Pseudallescheria boydii | − | Rheumatoid arthritis, immunosuppressive therapy with steroids | − | − | 24 | 12 |
22 | 2012 | Bartalesi et al. [29] | F/60 | C. glabrata | − | − | − | − | 28 | − |
23 | 2012 | Anagnostakos et al. [30] | M/78 | C. glabrata | − | Myelodysplastic syndrome | 9 | Infection | − | − |
24 | 2012 | Anagnostakos et al. [30] | F/51 | C. albicans C. glabrata | − | COPD Hepatitis B | 6 | Infection | − | − |
25 | 2012 | Anagnostakos et al. [30] | M/77 | C. lipolytica | − | DM, alcohol consumption, COPD | 6 | Infection | − | − |
26 | 2012 | Anagnostakos et al. [30] | F/68 | C. albicans | − | − | 11 | Infection | − | − |
27 | 2012 | Hall et al. [31] | F/60 | C. glabrata | P aeroginosa, E. coli | Rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis | − | Infection | − | − |
28 | 2013 | Ueng et al. [32] | M/75 | C. albicans | − | Chronic renal insufficiency, COPD | − | − | 47 | − |
29 | 2013 | Ueng et al. [32] | M/64 | C. tropicalis | − | DM, chronic renal insufficiency, COPD | − | − | 16 | − |
30 | 2013 | Ueng et al. [32] | F/62 | C. albicans | − | − | − | − | 2 | − |
31 | 2013 | Ueng et al. [32] | M/66 | C. parapsilosis | − | − | − | − | 3 | − |
32 | 2013 | Lidder et al. [33] | F/76 | C. tropicalis | − | − | 1 | Aseptic loosening | 36 | − |
33 | 2013 | Artiaco et al. [34] | F/70 | C. albicans | − | Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren’s syndrome, immunosuppressive therapy with steroids and methotrexate | 3 | Infection | 72 | − |
34 | 2013 | Kuiper et al. [35] | M/58 | C. parapsilosis | − | − | − | − | − | − |
35 | 2013 | Chiu et al. [36] | M/71 | C. parapsilosis | − | − | − | − | − | 48 |
36 | 2014 | Shah et al. [37] | F/77 | Cryptococcus neoformans | Gram−negative bacilli | DM, myasthenia gravis, immunosuppressive medication prednisone | − | − | − | − |
37 | 2014 | Zhu et al. [38] | M/44 | C. parapsilosis | − | − | − | − | 2 | − |
38 | 2014 | Klatte et al. [39] | M/67 | C. albicans | Streptococcus spp. | DM | 7 | Infection | 6 | − |
39 | 2014 | Klatte et al. [39] | F/78 | C. albicans | − | DM | 4 | Infection | 1 | − |
40 | 2014 | Klatte et al. [39] | F/81 | C. glabrata | − | − | 3 | Infection | 8 | − |
41 | 2014 | Klatte et al. [39] | M/88 | C. albicans | MRSA, Ser. Marcescens | DM, COPD | 4 | Infection | 1 | − |
42 | 2014 | Klatte et al. [39] | F/62 | C. albicans | Unspecified bacteria | DM | 3 | Infection | 26 | − |
43 | 2014 | Klatte et al. [39] | M/31 | C. albicans | Streptococcus spp. | DM | 4 | Infection | 4 | − |
44 | 2016 | Carrega et al. [40] | F/68 | C. albicans | − | DM | 1 | periprosthetic fracture | 6 | − |
45 | 2016 | Jenny et al. [41] | F/78 | C. albicans | S. epidermis, Propionibacterium acnes | Hypertension, slight renal Impairment | 1 | Infection | 48 | − |
46 | 2017 | Cobo et al. [42] | M/77 | C. glabrata | − | Rheumatoid arthritis, immunosuppressive therapy, chronic liver disease from alcohol consumption | 3 | Loosening, infection | 101 | 7 |
47 | 2017 | Sebastian et al. [43] | M/53 | C. tropicalis | − | − | − | − | 24 | 0 |
48 | 2017 | Bartash et al. [44] | M/54 | Aspergillus terreus | − | DM, obesity, hepatitis C | 3 | Infection | 13.3 | 3.5 |
49 | 2018 | Yong et al. [45] | M/88 | C. albicans | MRSA, Ser. Marcescens | DM, COPD | 4 | − | 4 | − |
50 | 2018 | Yong et al. [45] | M/66 | C. parapsilosis | MRSA | COPD | 2 | − | 4 | − |
51 | 2018 | Yong et al. [45] | M/31 | C. albicans | MRSA | DM, renal cell carcinoma | 1 | − | 26 | − |
52 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | F/77 | Pithomyces | − | − | − | − | − | − |
53 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | F/84 | C. albicans | − | − | − | − | − | − |
54 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | F/75 | C. albicans | − | − | − | − | − | − |
55 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | M/60 | Aureobasidium, Hormonema | − | − | − | − | − | − |
56 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | M/68 | C. albicans | − | − | − | − | − | − |
57 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | M/37 | C. albicans | − | − | − | − | − | − |
58 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | F/63 | C. albicans, | − | − | − | − | − | − |
59 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | M/89 | Coccidioides immitis | − | − | − | − | − | − |
60 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | F/56 | C. albicans | − | − | − | − | − | |
61 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | F/75 | C. parapsilosis | − | − | − | − | − | |
62 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | F/61 | C. glabrata | − | − | − | − | − | |
63 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | M/45 | C. albicans | − | − | − | − | − | |
64 | 2018 | Brown et al. [46] | M/76 | C. albicans | MRSA | − | − | − | − | − |
65 | 2018 | Gao et al. [47] | F/62 | C. tropicalis | S. epidermitis, E. coli | − | 3 | − | − | 36 |
66 | 2018 | Gao et al. [47] | M/42 | C. albicans | Acinetobacter lwoffii | − | 2 | − | − | 10 |
67 | 2018 | Gao et al. [47] | F/53 | C. albicans | S. aureus | DM | 6 | − | − | 8 |
68 | 2018 | Gao et al. [47] | F/43 | C. albicans | Enterococcus faecalis | − | 4 | − | − | 84 |
69 | 2018 | Gao et al. [47] | M/78 | C. glabrata | Gram negative bacilli | − | 4 | − | − | 1 |
70 | 2019 | Pasticci et al. [48] | M/71 | C. glabrata | − | DM | − | − | 4 | − |
71 | 2020 | Saconi et al. [49] | F/64 | C. albicans | S. aureus | DM, alcohol consumption | 4 | − | 6 | − |
72 | 2020 | Saconi et al. [49] | F/61 | C. parapsilosis | S. aureus | Hepatitis C | 4 | − | 32 | − |
73 | 2020 | Saconi et al. [49] | M/66 | C. parapsilosis | − | DM | − | − | 144 | − |
74 | 2020 | Saconi et al. [49] | M/63 | C. lusitaniae | − | DM, kidney transplantation, prednisone use | 4 | − | 61 | − |
75 | 2020 | Saconi et al. [49] | F/53 | C. albicans | − | SLE, methotrexate use | − | − | 702 | − |
76 | 2020 | Saconi et al. [49] | M/61 | C. albicans | S. haemolyticus, Enterococcus faecium, P. aeruginosa | − | 4 | − | 519 | |
77 | 2021 | Baecker et al. [50] | NR/85 | C. famata | S. epidermidis | − | 2 | − | − | − |
78 | 2021 | Baecker et al. [50] | NR/81 | C. albicans | − | − | 3 | − | − | − |
79 | 2021 | Baecker et al. [50] | NR/67 | C. famata | Citrobacter koser | − | 3 | − | − | − |
80 | 2021 | Baecker et al. [50] | NR/81 | C. parapsilosis | S. caprae | − | 1 | − | − | − |
81 | 2021 | Baecker et al. [50] | NR/78 | C. parapsilosis | − | − | 1 | − | − | − |
82 | 2021 | Baecker et al. [50] | NR/81 | C. famata | − | − | 5 | − | − | − |
83 | 2021 | Baecker et al. [50] | NR/82 | C. albicans | − | − | 7 | − | − | − |
84 | 2021 | Baecker et al. [50] | NR/78 | C. albicans | S. epidermidis | − | 3 | − | − | − |
85 | 2021 | Baecker et al. [50] | NR/60 | C. parapsilosis | Streptococcus sanguinis | − | 7 | − | − | − |
86 | 2021 | Baecker et al. [50] | NR/83 | Alternaria infectoria | − | − | 3 | − | − | − |
87 | 2021 | Baecker et al. [50] | NR/57 | C. albicans | − | − | 6 | − | − | − |
88 | 2021 | Bottagisio et al. [51] | F/75 | C. albicans | S. capitis | − | 2 | Infection | 372 | − |
89 | 2021 | Lin et al. [52] | F/76 | C. albicans | S. hominis | Hypertension | 3 | Infection | 9 | 3 |
Case | MRI | C/T X-ray | Bone Scanning | Cultures | Biopsy | Serology |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | − | + | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
2 | − | + | − | Joint fluid | − | − |
3 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | − | − |
4 | − | − | − | Joint fluid | − | − |
5 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
6 | − | − | + | Tissue specimen | − | − |
7 | − | − | + | Tissue specimen | − | − |
8 | − | − | + | Tissue specimen | − | − |
9 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
10 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
11 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
12 | − | − | − | Joint fluid | − | + |
13 | − | + | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
14 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
15 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
16 | − | − | + | Joint fluid | − | − |
17 | − | − | + | Tissue specimen | − | − |
18 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
19 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
20 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
21 | − | − | + | Joint fluid | − | − |
22 | − | − | − | Joint fluid | − | − |
23 | − | + | − | Joint fluid | Tissue specimen | − |
24 | − | + | − | Joint fluid | Tissue specimen | − |
25 | − | + | − | Joint fluid | Tissue specimen | − |
26 | − | + | − | Joint fluid | Tissue specimen | − |
27 | + | − | + | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
28 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
29 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
30 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
31 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
32 | − | + | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
33 | − | + | − | Joint fluid | − | − |
34 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
35 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
36 | − | + | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
37 | − | + | − | − | − | − |
38 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
39 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
40 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
41 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
42 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
43 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
44 | − | + | + | tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
45 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | − | − |
46 | − | + | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
47 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
48 | − | + | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
49 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
50 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
51 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
52 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
53 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
54 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
55 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
56 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
57 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
58 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
59 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
60 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
61 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
62 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
63 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
64 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | − | − |
65 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | − | − |
66 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | − | − |
67 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | − | − |
68 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | − | − |
69 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | − | − |
70 | − | + | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | − | − |
71 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
72 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
73 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
74 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
75 | − | − | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
76 | − | − | − | joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
77 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
78 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
79 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
80 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
81 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
82 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
83 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
84 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
85 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | −− |
86 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
87 | − | − | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
88 | − | + | − | Tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
89 | − | + | − | Joint fluid, tissue specimen | Tissue specimen | − |
Case | ST | Time between Stages in TSRA (Months) | Antimicrobial and/or Antifungal Regimen in Cement | Antifungal Treatment (AFT) | Total Duration of AFT (Months) | Follow-Up (Months) | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | TSRA | 1.5 | − | Amphotericin B, 5−Fluocytosine | 1.5 | 24 | Success |
2 | NS | − | − | Fluconazole | 10 | 11 | Success |
3 | RA | − | − | Fluconazole | 1.5 | − | − |
4 | TSRA | 3 | Fluconazole | Fluconazole | − | 48 | Success |
5 | TSRA | 11 | Fluconazole | Fluconazole | − | 84 | Success |
6 | TSRA | 12.1 | Fluconazole | Fluconazole | 2.4 | 17 | Success |
7 | TSRA | 2.4 | Fluconazole | Amphotericin B, Fluconazole | 11 | 70 | Success |
8 | TSRA | 17.7 | − | Amphotericin B, Ketoconazole, Fluconazole | 3.5 | 73 | Success |
9 | TSRA | 5 | − | Amphotericin B | 1.5 | 60 | Success |
10 | TRSA | 14 | − | 5-Fluorocytosine, Amphotericin B | 0.5 | 24 | Success |
11 | TSRA | 12 | − | Amphotericin B | − | − | Success |
12 | RA | − | − | Amphotericin B | 1 | 48 | Success |
13 | RA | − | − | Amphotericin B, Fluconazole, Caspofungin | 1 | 36 | Success |
14 | TSRA | − | − | Fluconazole | − | − | Success |
15 | TSRA | − | − | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | >3 | 12 | Success |
16 | RA | − | − | Amphotericin B, Fluconazole | 4.3 | − | Failure |
17 | NS | − | − | Fluconazole | >13 | 12 | Success |
18 | Debridement + RA | − | − | Fluconazole, 5-Fluorocytocine | 5 | − | Success |
19 | TSRA | − | − | Fluconazole | 6 | − | Success |
20 | RA | − | − | Amphotericin B, 5-Fluocytosine, Fluconazole | 9.5 | − | Success |
21 | TSRA | 8 | Itraconazole | Voriconazole | 10 | 48 | Success |
22 | TSRA | − | − | Voriconazole, Caspofungin, Amphotericin B | 2.4 | 48 | Success |
23 | TSRA | 3 | Gentamicin, Vancomycin | Fluconazole | 1.5 | 15 | Success |
24 | TSRA | 3.5 | Gentamicin, Vancomycin | Fluconazole | 1.5 | 70 | Success |
25 | TSRA | 3 | Gentamicin, Vancomycin | Fluconazole | 1.5 | 22 | Success |
26 | TSRA | 3.5 | Gentamicin, Vancomycin | Caspofungin | 1.5 | 28 | Success |
27 | RA | − | − | Caspofungin | 1.5 | − | Success |
28 | RA | − | Vancomycin, Aztreonam | Fluconazole | − | − | Failure/Death |
29 | RA | − | Vancomycin, Aztreonam | Fluconazole | − | − | Success |
30 | RA | − | Vancomycin, Aztreonam | Fluconazole | − | − | Success |
31 | TSRA | − | Amphotericin, Vancomycin | Fluconazole | − | − | Success |
32 | TSRA | 13 | Gentamicin | Amphotericin | 6 | 24 | Success |
33 | Debridement | − | − | Fluconazole, Miconazole | 6 | 12 | Failure |
34 | RA | − | − | Fluconazole | − | 2 | Failure |
35 | RA | − | − | Fluconazole | 10 | 24 | Success |
36 | TSRA | 3 | Amphotericin B | 1.5 | 12 | Success | |
37 | NS | − | − | Amphotericin B, Voriconazole | 1.5 | 3 | Success |
38 | OSRA | − | Gentamicin, Clindamycin, Vancomycin | Fluconazole | − | Mean 84 | Success |
39 | OSRA | − | Gentamicin, Clindamycin, Vancomycin | Fluconazole, Amphotericin B | − | Mean 84 | Success |
40 | OSRA | − | Gentamicin, Clindamycin | Flucytosine, Amphotericin B | − | Mean 84 | Success |
41 | OSRA | − | Gentamicin, Clindamycin, Vancomycin | Flucytosine, Amphotericin B | − | Mean 84 | Success |
42 | OSRA | − | Gentamicin, Clindamycin | Voriconazole | − | Mean 84 | Success |
43 | OSRA | − | Gentamicin, Clindamycin, Vancomycin | Flucytosine, Amphotericin B | − | Mean 84 | Success |
44 | TSRA | − | − | Anidulafungin | 3 | 48 | Success |
45 | OSRA | − | − | Voriconazole, Flucytosine. Fluconazole | 3 | 36 | Success |
46 | OSRA | − | − | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 5 | Success |
47 | TSRA | − | − | Fluconazole | 7 | − | Success |
48 | TSRA | − | Vancomycin, Voriconazole | Posaconazole | − | 19.2 | Success |
49 | OSRA | − | − | 5-Flucytocine, Amphotericin B | − | >36 | Success |
50 | RA | − | − | Fluconazole, Vancomycin | 1 | >28 | Success |
51 | TSRA | − | − | Vancomycin, Fluconazole | 0.5 | − | Failure/Death |
52 | Debridement | − | Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B | − | − | Success |
53 | Debridement | − | Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B | − | − | Failure |
54 | TSRA | NR | Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B | − | − | Success |
55 | NS | − | − | Amphotericin B | − | − | Success |
56 | TSRA | NR | Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B | − | − | Failure |
57 | Debridement | − | Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B | − | − | Failure |
58 | Debridement | − | Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B | − | − | Failure |
59 | NS | − | − | Amphotericin B | − | − | Success |
60 | RA | − | Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B | − | − | Success |
61 | RA | − | Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B | − | − | Failure |
62 | RA | − | Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B | − | − | Failure |
63 | TSRA | NR | Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B | − | − | Failure |
64 | Debridement | − | Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B | − | − | Failure |
65 | TSRA | NR | Fluconazole, Vancomycin | Fluconazole, Itraconazole | 22 | 118 | Failure |
66 | TSRA | 12 | Vancomycin | Fluconazole | 4 | 75 | Success |
67 | TSRA | 14 | Vancomycin | Fluconazole | 4 | 118 | Success |
68 | TSRA | 18 | Vancomycin, Meropenem | Fluconazole | 4 | 97 | Success |
69 | TSRA | 72 | Vancomycin | Fluconazole, Voriconazole, Caspofungin, | 11 | 71 | Failure |
70 | TSRA | 8 | − | Micafungin | 1.8 | 24 | Success |
71 | Debridement + RA | − | − | Fluconazole | 6 | − | − |
72 | OSRA | − | − | Fluconazole | 6 | 84 | Success |
73 | OSRA | − | − | Fluconazole | 6 | 6 | Failure |
74 | OSRA | − | − | Micafungin, Fluconazole | 6 | − | − |
75 | Debridement + RA | − | − | Fluconazole | 6 | 71 | Success |
76 | Debridement + RA | − | − | Fluconazole | 0.8 | 74 | Success |
77 | TSRA | 1.5 | Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Gentamycin | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 44 | Failure |
78 | TSRA | 1.5 | Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Gentamycin | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 42 | Success |
79 | TSRA | 1.5 | Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Gentamycin | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 27 | Success |
80 | TSRA | 1.5 | Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Gentamycin | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 41 | Success |
81 | TSRA | 1.5 | Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Gentamycin | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 35 | Success |
82 | TSRA | 1.5 | Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Gentamycin | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 26 | Success |
83 | TSRA | 1.5 | Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Gentamycin | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 26 | Failure |
84 | TSRA | 1.5 | Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Gentamycin | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 26 | Success |
85 | TSRA | 1.5 | Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Gentamycin | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 39 | Success |
86 | TSRA | 1.5 | Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Gentamycin | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 37 | Success |
87 | TSRA | 1.5 | Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Gentamycin | Caspofungin, Fluconazole | 6 | 35 | Success |
88 | TSRA | 3 | Gentamicin, Clindamycin, Voriconazole | Fluconazole | 6 | 12 | Success |
89 | Debridement + TSRA | − | Vancomycin | Fluconazole | 6 | 12 | Success |
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Koutserimpas, C.; Naoum, S.; Giovanoulis, V.; Raptis, K.; Alpantaki, K.; Dretakis, K.; Vrioni, G.; Samonis, G. Fungal Periprosthetic Hip Joint Infections. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 2341. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102341
Koutserimpas C, Naoum S, Giovanoulis V, Raptis K, Alpantaki K, Dretakis K, Vrioni G, Samonis G. Fungal Periprosthetic Hip Joint Infections. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(10):2341. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102341
Chicago/Turabian StyleKoutserimpas, Christos, Symeon Naoum, Vasileios Giovanoulis, Konstantinos Raptis, Kalliopi Alpantaki, Konstantinos Dretakis, Georgia Vrioni, and George Samonis. 2022. "Fungal Periprosthetic Hip Joint Infections" Diagnostics 12, no. 10: 2341. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102341
APA StyleKoutserimpas, C., Naoum, S., Giovanoulis, V., Raptis, K., Alpantaki, K., Dretakis, K., Vrioni, G., & Samonis, G. (2022). Fungal Periprosthetic Hip Joint Infections. Diagnostics, 12(10), 2341. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102341