Radiation Dose and Fluoroscopy Time of Endovascular Coil Embolization in Patients with Carotid Cavernous Fistulas
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
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- Age ≥ 18 years
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- Presence of a fistula between the ICA and/or ECA and the CS
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- Treatment with endovascular embolization using only detachable coils
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- CCFs treated with alternative endovascular methods (e.g., detachable balloons, liquid embolic agents, covered stents, flow-diverter stents or combined techniques)
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- Recurrent fistulas
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- Fistulas located elsewhere but also treated with CS coil embolization
2.1. Procedure
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- Low-dose (LD): tube voltage 73 kV, pulse width 50 ms, dose 1820 μGy/pulse
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- Normal-dose (ND): tube voltage 73 kV, pulse width 100 ms, dose 3000 μGy/pulse
2.2. Data Collection and Dosimetry Analysis
2.3. Statistics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mean Age, Years (Range) | 66 (41–85) |
Female sex | 23/30 (77%) |
Number of CCFs | |
-Direct (Type A) | 7/30 (23%) |
-Indirect
| 23/30 (77%) 4/30 (13%) 2/30 (7%) 17/30 (57%) |
Angiographic outcome | |
-Total occlusion | 19/30 (63%) |
-Small remnant | 11/30 (37%) |
Approach type | |
-Transarterial | 2/30 (7%) |
-Transvenous | 27/30 (90%) |
-Combined | 1/30 (3%) |
Fistula site | |
-Right | 9/30 (30%) |
-Left | 8/30 (27%) |
-Bilateral | 13/30 (43%) |
DAP, Gy cm2 | Fluoroscopy Time, Minutes | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25th percentile | Median | 75th percentile | 25th percentile | Median | 75th percentile | |
All (n = 30) | 230.2 | 291.8 | 376.2 | 115.9 | 174.1 | 241.8 |
Direct (n = 7) | 113.7 | 264.2 | 271.2 | 95.3 | 117.6 | 194.8 |
Indirect (n = 23) | 240.2 | 330.5 | 428.8 | 130.9 | 176.2 | 245.8 |
All CCFs (n = 30) | Direct CCFs (n = 7) | Indirect CCFs (n = 23) | |
---|---|---|---|
Mean DAP, Gy cm2 (range) | 318.8 ± 148.1 (75.9–826.6) | 215.1 ± 89 (75.9–339.9) | 350.4 ± 148.1 (153–826.6) |
Median DAP, Gy cm2 | 291.8 | 264.2 | 330.5 |
Mean FT, min (range) | 183.8 ± 81.4 (59.4–422.2) | 136.4 ± 50.2 (59.4–197.7) | 198.3 ± 83.6 (77.8–422.2) |
Median FT, min | 174.1 | 117.6 | 176.2 |
Mean number of DSA runs (range) | 40.8 ± 19.6 (20–106) | 36.6 ± 8.2 (23–50) | 42 ± 21.8 (20–106) |
Median number of DSA runs | 35.5 | 38 | 34 |
Mean number of detached coils (range) | 21.7 ± 11.7 (3–55) | 12.6 ± 7.8 (3–24) | 24.5 ± 11.2 (9–55) |
Median number of detached coils | 19.5 | 11 | 21 |
All CCFs (n = 30) | Low-Dose (n = 20) | Normal- and Mixed-Dose (n = 10) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean DAP, Gy cm2 | 318.8 | 274.6 | 407.4 | 0.02 |
Mean FT, min | 183.8 | 186.1 | 179.5 | 0.84 |
Mean number of detached coils | 21.7 | 22.4 | 20.3 | 0.65 |
Mean number of DSA acquisitions | 40.8 | 40.7 | 40.8 | 0.58 |
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Ozpeynirci, Y.; Trumm, C.G.; Stahl, R.; Liebig, T.; Forbrig, R. Radiation Dose and Fluoroscopy Time of Endovascular Coil Embolization in Patients with Carotid Cavernous Fistulas. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 531. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12020531
Ozpeynirci Y, Trumm CG, Stahl R, Liebig T, Forbrig R. Radiation Dose and Fluoroscopy Time of Endovascular Coil Embolization in Patients with Carotid Cavernous Fistulas. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(2):531. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12020531
Chicago/Turabian StyleOzpeynirci, Yigit, Christoph Gregor Trumm, Robert Stahl, Thomas Liebig, and Robert Forbrig. 2022. "Radiation Dose and Fluoroscopy Time of Endovascular Coil Embolization in Patients with Carotid Cavernous Fistulas" Diagnostics 12, no. 2: 531. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12020531