Features Found in Indocyanine Green-Based Fluorescence Optical Imaging of Inflammatory Diseases of the Hands
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Healthy Individual—Reference
3.2. Rheumatoid Arthritis
3.3. Osteoarthritis (with Tendinitis)
3.4. Fibromyalgia
3.5. Collagenosis-CREST Syndrome
3.6. Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans
3.7. Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis Vulgaris
3.8. Summary of Selected Features
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Region | Name | Description | Figure |
---|---|---|---|
Fingers | f | Round or slightly oval signal in fingertips, physiological | Figure 1 |
r | Delayed inflow in all fingertips (in both hands) | Figure 5 | |
R | Diminished or non-existent flow of the dye into one or more fingers (Raynaud syndrome) | Figure 5 and Figure 7 | |
Nails | a | Sigmoid outflow of the dye from the nailbed | Figure 7 |
I | Irregular (inhomogeneous) signal in the nail bed | Figure 4 and Figure 6 | |
Joints | D | Round, oval, mostly regularly shaped signal (DIP joints) | Figure 7 |
P | Round, oval, mostly regularly shaped (PIP joints) | Figure 2 and Figure 7 | |
M | Round, oval, o mostly regularly shaped (MCP joints) | Figure 2 and Figure 7 | |
C | Round, oval, mostly regularly shaped (Intercarpal joints) | Figure 2 | |
O | Signal around joints, most likely the fibrous membrane, or aponeurosis | Figure 3 | |
Venous vessels | V | Signal on the back of the hand, in the area of superficial venous structures | Figure 2 |
Connectivetissue | E | Triangle shaped signal enhancement below nail | Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 6 |
B | Broad, pronounced signals in the area of dorsal tendons | Figure 3 and Figure 4 | |
Y | Increased signals in the area of muscle tendon junction of wrist | Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 4 | |
e | Increased signals in the extensor carpi ulnaris region | Figure 2 | |
Muscle | m | Varying intensity and signal sharpness depending on the depth | Figure 4 |
Skin, connective tissue with blood vessels | W | Cloudy, “unsharp” signal | Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7 |
F | Punctual, “sharp” signal, or irregularly shaped | Figure 5 and Figure 6 |
Region | Name | Tissue | Visible in Phase | Depth of Location | Perfusion |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fingers | f, I | Capillary network in the nail bed | Phase 1 | Superficial | High |
R | Sclerosed or necrotic tissue, keratinized plaques | Phases 2 and 3 | Superficial | Low | |
Joints | D, P, M, C | Capillary network of the synovial membrane | Phases 1 and 2 | Superficial/Deep | High |
Vessels | V | Large veins on the back of the hand | Phases 2 and 3 | Superficial | High |
Connectivetissue | E, B | Tight connective tissue of dorsal entheses, tendons, aponeuroses | Phases 2 and 3 | Deep | Low |
Y | Connective tissue/muscle | Phases 2 and 3 | Superficial | Low/High | |
e | ECU tendon | Phases 1 and 2 | Superficial | Low | |
a | Entheses and tendons between nailbed and DIP | Phases 2 and 3 | Deep | Low | |
Muscle | m | Muscle tissue | Phase 3 | Deep | High |
Skin, connective tissue | W, F | Arteries/capillaries | Phase 1 | Superficial/Deep | High |
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Gedat, E.; Berger, J.; Kiesel, D.; Failli, V.; Briel, A.; Welker, P. Features Found in Indocyanine Green-Based Fluorescence Optical Imaging of Inflammatory Diseases of the Hands. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 1775. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12081775
Gedat E, Berger J, Kiesel D, Failli V, Briel A, Welker P. Features Found in Indocyanine Green-Based Fluorescence Optical Imaging of Inflammatory Diseases of the Hands. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(8):1775. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12081775
Chicago/Turabian StyleGedat, Egbert, Jörn Berger, Denise Kiesel, Vieri Failli, Andreas Briel, and Pia Welker. 2022. "Features Found in Indocyanine Green-Based Fluorescence Optical Imaging of Inflammatory Diseases of the Hands" Diagnostics 12, no. 8: 1775. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12081775
APA StyleGedat, E., Berger, J., Kiesel, D., Failli, V., Briel, A., & Welker, P. (2022). Features Found in Indocyanine Green-Based Fluorescence Optical Imaging of Inflammatory Diseases of the Hands. Diagnostics, 12(8), 1775. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12081775