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Volume 13
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10.3390/diagnostics13223438
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Article

Inter- and Intra-Examiner Reliability Study of Two-Point Discrimination Test (TPD) and Two-Point Estimation Task (TPE) in the Sacral Area of Pain-Free Individuals

by
Edward Saulicz
1,
Oskar Saulicz
2,3,
Jakub Koterba
1,
Damian Sikora
1,
Aleksandra Saulicz
4,* and
Mariola Saulicz
1
1
Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
2
NZOZ “MED8” Miechowice, 41-908 Bytom, Poland
3
Bytom Medical Centre “Jedynka”, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
4
School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2023, 13(22), 3438; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13223438
Submission received: 23 October 2023 / Revised: 6 November 2023 / Accepted: 9 November 2023 / Published: 13 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics)
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Abstract

Tactile acuity is typically measured by a two-point discrimination test (TPD) and a two-point estimation task (TPE). In the back area, they are only conducted in the lumbar and cervical regions of the spine. Considering that such measurements have not been conducted in the sacral regions, the purpose of this study was to assess the inter- and intra-examiner reliability of the TPD and TPE at the level of the S3 segment. The study included 30 pain-free subjects aged 20–30 years. Tests were performed with a pair of stainless hardened digital calipers. The TPD was measured in two locations: 5 and 15 cm from the midline; for TPE both, points were located inside the measured area. Session 1 involved assessments by two examiners in 10-min intervals. Session 2 was measured by one examiner, at analogous intervals between tests. The TPD inter-rater reliability was excellent for mean measurements (ICC3.2: 0.76–0.8; ICC3.3: 0.8–0.92); the intra-rater reliability was excellent for mean measurements (ICC2.2: 0.79–0.85; ICC2.3: 0.82–0.86). The TPE inter-rater reliability was good to excellent for mean measurements (ICC3.2: 0.65–0.92; ICC3.3: 0.73–0.94); the intra-rater reliability for all studies (ICC2.1, ICC2.2, ICC2.3) was excellent (0.85–0.89). Two measurements are sufficient to achieve good reliability (ICC ≥ 0.75), regardless of the assessed body side.
Keywords: tactile acuity; two-point discrimination test; two-point estimation task; sacral area; inter-examiner reliability; intra-examiner reliability tactile acuity; two-point discrimination test; two-point estimation task; sacral area; inter-examiner reliability; intra-examiner reliability

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MDPI and ACS Style

Saulicz, E.; Saulicz, O.; Koterba, J.; Sikora, D.; Saulicz, A.; Saulicz, M. Inter- and Intra-Examiner Reliability Study of Two-Point Discrimination Test (TPD) and Two-Point Estimation Task (TPE) in the Sacral Area of Pain-Free Individuals. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 3438. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13223438

AMA Style

Saulicz E, Saulicz O, Koterba J, Sikora D, Saulicz A, Saulicz M. Inter- and Intra-Examiner Reliability Study of Two-Point Discrimination Test (TPD) and Two-Point Estimation Task (TPE) in the Sacral Area of Pain-Free Individuals. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(22):3438. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13223438

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saulicz, Edward, Oskar Saulicz, Jakub Koterba, Damian Sikora, Aleksandra Saulicz, and Mariola Saulicz. 2023. "Inter- and Intra-Examiner Reliability Study of Two-Point Discrimination Test (TPD) and Two-Point Estimation Task (TPE) in the Sacral Area of Pain-Free Individuals" Diagnostics 13, no. 22: 3438. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13223438

APA Style

Saulicz, E., Saulicz, O., Koterba, J., Sikora, D., Saulicz, A., & Saulicz, M. (2023). Inter- and Intra-Examiner Reliability Study of Two-Point Discrimination Test (TPD) and Two-Point Estimation Task (TPE) in the Sacral Area of Pain-Free Individuals. Diagnostics, 13(22), 3438. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13223438

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