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Article

Changes in Soluble Serum CD81 Concentration during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Individuals with Normal Glucose Tolerance

1
Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24289, Republic of Korea
2
Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35233, Republic of Korea
3
Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Diagnostics 2023, 13(23), 3500; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13233500
Submission received: 2 November 2023 / Revised: 20 November 2023 / Accepted: 20 November 2023 / Published: 21 November 2023

Abstract

Aim: Cluster of differentiation 81 (CD81) is a cell surface protein involved in cell development, activation, growth, and motility. Recent studies have suggested that CD81 is a marker of dedifferentiated β-cells under conditions of metabolic stress, such as progressive diabetes. However, the clinical significance of changes in soluble serum CD81 (sCD81) in diabetic individuals remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum sCD81 concentrations differ between subjects with diabetes and normal glucose tolerance (NGT), and whether sCD81 changes during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Materials and methods: We recruited 101 subjects who had completed an OGTT. According to the test results, the participants were divided into diabetes mellitus (DM) and NGT groups. Participants with prediabetes were excluded from the analysis. During the OGTT, sCD81 levels were measured at 0 and 120 min. We compared changes in sCD81 between the groups. Results: In the DM group, soluble sCD81 levels were significantly higher at baseline and 120 min in the OGTT compared with the normal group (0.59 (0.22–1.05) ng/mL vs. 0.25 (0.81–0.67) ng/mL, 0.55 (0.17–0.96) ng/mL vs. 0.21 (0.92–0.78) ng/mL, p = 0.006 and 0.029, respectively). The soluble sCD81 levels in the NGT group remained unchanged (p = 0.658), while those in the DM group were significantly decreased during the OGTT (p = 0.003). Conclusion: Soluble sCD81 levels were elevated in individuals with type 2 diabetes, such that changes in sCD81 were only observed during the OGTT in the DM group. Soluble sCD81 may have potential as a new diagnostic marker for type 2 diabetes.
Keywords: diabetes; soluble cluster of differentiation 81 (CD81); β-cells diabetes; soluble cluster of differentiation 81 (CD81); β-cells

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kang, S.M.; Lee, J.C.; Ku, B.J. Changes in Soluble Serum CD81 Concentration during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Individuals with Normal Glucose Tolerance. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 3500. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13233500

AMA Style

Kang SM, Lee JC, Ku BJ. Changes in Soluble Serum CD81 Concentration during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Individuals with Normal Glucose Tolerance. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(23):3500. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13233500

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kang, Seon Mee, Jun Choul Lee, and Bon Jeong Ku. 2023. "Changes in Soluble Serum CD81 Concentration during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Individuals with Normal Glucose Tolerance" Diagnostics 13, no. 23: 3500. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13233500

APA Style

Kang, S. M., Lee, J. C., & Ku, B. J. (2023). Changes in Soluble Serum CD81 Concentration during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Individuals with Normal Glucose Tolerance. Diagnostics, 13(23), 3500. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13233500

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