Choroidal and Retinal Vascular Findings in Patients with COVID-19 Complicated with Pneumonia: Widefield Imaging
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Participants
2.2. Procedures
2.3. Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis
2.4. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patients Characteristics | Cases | Controls |
---|---|---|
Demographic Feature | ||
Age (years) | 50.2 ± 7.8 | 54.8 ± 9.4 |
Gender, male/female (%) | 57.1/43.2 | 58.1/42.3 |
Well-controlled diseases not affecting the eye (%) | ||
Systemic hypertension | 14.0 | 0.0 |
Obesity | 14.0 | 0.0 |
Hypercholesterolemia | 28.0 | 14.0 |
Hypothyroidism | 0.0 | 14.0 |
Complete cycle of Vaccination (%) | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Ophtalmic features | ||
BCVA- ETDRS (letters) | 52 ± 2 | 52 ± 1 |
Axial length (mm) | 23.2 ± 0.9 | 23.5 ± 0.5 |
Intraocular pressure (mmHg) | 15.7 ± 3.2 | 14.9 ± 2.5 |
Therapy | ||
Period of hospitalization (days) | 19.0 ± 2.0 | / |
CPAP (Continuous positive air pressure) therapy (%, days) | 58.0 | / |
17.0 ± 5.0 | / | |
Ventimask O2 therapy (%, days) | 80.0 | / |
11.0 ± 4.0 | / | |
Dexamethasone therapy (%) | 71.0 | / |
Antiviral therapy (%) | 57.0 | / |
Variables | Controls | Cases | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
n = 46 | n = 46 | ||
VD-SCP-MAC | 37.1 [33.3; 47.0] | 36.7 [31.8; 40.5] | 0.509 |
VD-SCP-S | 46.7 [44.4; 51.8] | 40.1 [35.4; 46.7] | 0.039 |
VD-SCP-I | 50.6 [42.6; 52.1] | 38.7 [31.7; 46.6] | 0.026 |
VD-SCP-T | 26.6 [25.8; 29.2] | 17.8 [16.1; 27.7] | 0.161 |
VD-DCP-MAC | 35.2 [32.3; 45.4] | 39.0 [33.5; 41.0] | 0.934 |
VD-DCP-S | 40.3 [37.9; 42.6] | 37.4 [34.7; 44.5] | 0.869 |
VD-DCP-I | 43.1 [36.6; 44.5] | 33.9 [30.4; 40.4] | 0.216 |
VD-DCP-T | 29.6 [22.3; 33.8] | 24.2 [19.2; 35.6] | 0.934 |
CVI | 0.66 [0.65; 0.68] | 0.66 [0.64; 0.68] | 0.807 |
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Share and Cite
D’Aloisio, R.; Ruggeri, M.L.; D’Onofrio, G.; Formenti, F.; Gironi, M.; Di Nicola, M.; Porreca, A.; Toto, L.; Mastropasqua, R. Choroidal and Retinal Vascular Findings in Patients with COVID-19 Complicated with Pneumonia: Widefield Imaging. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061114
D’Aloisio R, Ruggeri ML, D’Onofrio G, Formenti F, Gironi M, Di Nicola M, Porreca A, Toto L, Mastropasqua R. Choroidal and Retinal Vascular Findings in Patients with COVID-19 Complicated with Pneumonia: Widefield Imaging. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(6):1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061114
Chicago/Turabian StyleD’Aloisio, Rossella, Maria Ludovica Ruggeri, Giada D’Onofrio, Federico Formenti, Matteo Gironi, Marta Di Nicola, Annamaria Porreca, Lisa Toto, and Rodolfo Mastropasqua. 2023. "Choroidal and Retinal Vascular Findings in Patients with COVID-19 Complicated with Pneumonia: Widefield Imaging" Diagnostics 13, no. 6: 1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061114