Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. The Selection Process of Included Studies
3.2. COVID-19 Vaccines
3.3. Immunogenicity
3.4. General Adverse Outcomes
3.5. Special Adverse Outcomes
3.5.1. Miscarriages
3.5.2. Congenital Anomalies
3.6. Booster Doses
3.7. Specific Medical Conditions
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Marshall, M. Does COVID-19 affect pregnancies? New Sci. 2023, 258, 14. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Allotey, J.; Stallings, E.; Bonet, M.; Yap, M.; Chatterjee, S.; Kew, T.; Debenham, L.; Llavall, A.C.; Dixit, A.; Zhou, D.; et al. Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: Living systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2020, 370, m3320. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mohammed, I.; Nauman, A.; Paul, P.; Ganesan, S.; Chen, K.H.; Jalil, S.M.S.; Jaouni, S.H.; Kawas, H.; Khan, W.A.; Vattoth, A.L.; et al. The efficacy and effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccines in reducing infection, severity, hospitalization, and mortality: A systematic review. Hum. Vaccines Immunother. 2022, 18, 2027160. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Watson, O.J.; Barnsley, G.; Toor, J.; Hogan, A.B.; Winskill, P.; Ghani, A.C. Global impact of the first year of COVID-19 vaccination: A mathematical modelling study. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2022, 22, 1293–1302. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- World Health Organization. SAGE Updates COVID-19 Vaccination Guidance 2023. Available online: https://www.who.int/groups/strategic-advisory-group-of-experts-on-immunization/COVID-19-materials (accessed on 23 May 2024).
- Bhattacharya, O.; Siddiquea, B.N.; Shetty, A.; Afroz, A.; Billah, B. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2022, 12, 61477. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Leong, C.; Jin, L.; Kim, D.; Kim, J.; Teo, Y.Y.; Ho, T.-H. Assessing the impact of novelty and conformity on hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines using mRNA technology. Commun. Med. 2022, 2, 61. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Brown, P.; Waite, F.; Larkin, M.; Lambe, S.; McShane, H.; Pollard, A.J.; Freeman, D. It seems impossible that it’s been made so quickly: A qualitative investigation of concerns about the speed of COVID-19 vaccine development and how these may be overcome. Hum. Vaccines Immunother. 2022, 18, 2004808. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Page, M.J.; McKenzie, J.E.; Bossuyt, P.M.; Boutron, I.; Hoffmann, T.C.; Mulrow, C.D.; Shamseer, L.; Tetzlaff, J.M.; Akl, E.A.; Brennan, S.E.; et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021, 372, n71. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fell, D.B.; Dhinsa, T.; Alton, G.D.; Török, E.; Dimanlig-Cruz, S.; Regan, A.K.; Sprague, A.E.; Buchan, S.A.; Kwong, J.C.; Wilson, S.E.; et al. Association of COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy With Adverse Peripartum Outcomes. JAMA 2022, 327, 1478–1487. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Abdallah, W.; Rechdan, J.B.; Lakkis, R.; Nassar, M.; Daou, L.; Kassis, N.E.; Atallah, D. Fetal supraventricular tachycardia and maternal COVID-19 vaccination: Is there any relationship? Future Sci. OA 2022, 8, 736–742. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Arulappen, A.L.; Danial, M.; Shanmugam, G.; Cheng, J.T.; Dulasi, M.; Chow, T.S. A Multicenter Cohort Study on the Adverse Effects Evaluation After Messenger RNA COVID-19 Vaccination Among Pregnant Healthcare Employees in Penang General Hospitals. Front. Public Health 2022, 10, 876966. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Bennett, C.; Chambers, L.M.; Son, J.; Goje, O. Newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia in a pregnant patient after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2021, 47, 4077–4080. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Blakeway, H.; Prasad, S.; Kalafat, E.; Heath, P.T.; Ladhani, S.N.; Le Doare, K.; Magee, L.A.; O’Brien, P.; Rezvani, A.; von Dadelszen, P.; et al. COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: Coverage and safety. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2022, 226, 236.e1–236.e14. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bleicher, I.; Kadour-Peero, E.; Sagi-Dain, L.; Sagi, S. Early exploration of COVID-19 vaccination safety and effectiveness during pregnancy: Interim descriptive data from a prospective observational study. Vaccine 2021, 39, 6535–6538. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Boelig, R.C.; Aghai, Z.H.; Chaudhury, S.; Kazan, A.S.; Chan, J.S.Y.; Bergmann-Leitner, E. Impact of COVID-19 disease and COVID-19 vaccination on maternal or fetal inflammatory response, placental pathology, and perinatal outcomes. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2022, 227, 652–656. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bookstein Peretz, S.; Regev, N.; Novick, L.; Nachshol, M.; Goffer, E.; Ben-David, A.; Asraf, K.; Doolman, R.; Levin, E.G.; Regev Yochay, G.; et al. Short-term outcome of pregnant women vaccinated with BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2021, 58, 450–456. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Calvert, C.; Carruthers, J.; Denny, C.; Donaghy, J.; Hillman, S.; Hopcroft, L.E.M.; Hopkins, L.; Goulding, A.; Lindsay, L.; McLaughlin, T.; et al. A population-based matched cohort study of early pregnancy outcomes following COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat. Commun. 2022, 13, 6124. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chayachinda, C.; Watananirun, K.; Phatihattakorn, C.; Anuwutnavin, S.; Niyomnaitham, S.; Phongsamart, W.; Lapphra, K.; Wittawatmongkol, O.; Rungmaitree, S.; Jansarikit, L.; et al. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of heterologous COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women. Hum. Vaccines Immunother. 2023, 19, 2228670. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Citu, I.M.; Citu, C.; Gorun, F.; Sas, I.; Bratosin, F.; Motoc, A.; Burlea, B.; Rosca, O.; Malita, D.; Gorun, O.M. The Risk of Spontaneous Abortion Does Not Increase Following First Trimester mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 1698. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Collier, A.R.Y.; McMahan, K.; Yu, J.; Tostanoski, L.H.; Aguayo, R.; Ansel, J.; Chandrashekar, A.; Patel, S.; Apraku Bondzie, E.; Sellers, D.; et al. Immunogenicity of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Pregnant and Lactating Women. JAMA 2021, 325, 2370–2380. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dagan, N.; Barda, N.; Biron-Shental, T.; Makov-Assif, M.; Key, C.; Kohane, I.S.; Hernán, M.A.; Lipsitch, M.; Hernandez-Diaz, S.; Reis, B.Y.; et al. Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy. Nat. Med. 2021, 27, 1693–1695. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- De Feijter, M.; van Gelder, M.M.H.J.; Vissers, L.C.M.; Kant, A.C.; Woestenberg, P.J. The risk of miscarriage after COVID-19 vaccination before and during pregnancy. Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. 2024, 33, e5724. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- De Freitas Paganoti, C.; da Costa, R.A.; Papageorghiou, A.T.; da Silva Costa, F.; Quintana, S.M.; de Godoi, L.G.; Adriana Jiménez Monroy, N.; Sacramento Rodrigues, A.; Pulcineli Vieira Francisco, R. COVID-19 Vaccines Confer Protection in Hospitalized Pregnant and Postpartum Women with Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Vaccines 2022, 10, 749. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- DeSilva, M.; Haapala, J.; Vazquez-Benitez, G.; Vesco, K.K.; Daley, M.F.; Getahun, D.; Zerbo, O.; Naleway, A.; Nelson, J.C.; Williams, J.T.B.; et al. Evaluation of Acute Adverse Events after COVID-19 Vaccination during Pregnancy. N. Engl. J. Med. 2022, 387, 187–189. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Desilva, M.B.; Haapala, J.; Vazquez-Benitez, G.; Boyce, T.G.; Fuller, C.C.; Daley, M.F.; Getahun, D.; Hambidge, S.J.; Lipkind, H.S.; Naleway, A.L.; et al. Medically Attended Acute Adverse Events in Pregnant People After Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Booster Vaccination. Obstet. Gynecol. 2023, 142, 125. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Dey, R.K.; Ilango, H.; Bhatta, S.; Shaheed, A.; Dole, S.; Zooshan, A.; Faisham, M.; Murad, M. Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy following COVID-19 vaccine: A case report. J. Med. Case Rep. 2022, 16, 354. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Dick, A.; Rosenbloom, J.I.; Karavani, G.; Gutman-Ido, E.; Lessans, N.; Chill, H.H. Safety of third SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (booster dose) during pregnancy. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. MFM 2022, 4, 100637. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Dick, A.; Rosenbloom, J.I.; Gutman-Ido, E.; Lessans, N.; Cahen-Peretz, A.; Chill, H.H. Safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during pregnancy- obstetric outcomes from a large cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022, 22, 166. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Du, T.; Qu, Q.; Zhang, Y.; Huang, Q. No observable influence of COVID-19 inactivated vaccines on pregnancy and birth outcomes in the first trimester of gestation. Expert Rev. Vaccines 2023, 22, 900–905. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Faherty, E.A.G.; Wilkins, K.J.; Jones, S.; Challa, A.; Qin, Q.; Chan, L.E.; Olson-Chen, C.; Tarleton, J.L.; Liebman, M.N.; Mariona, F.; et al. Pregnancy Outcomes among Pregnant Persons after COVID-19 Vaccination: Assessing Vaccine Safety in Retrospective Cohort Analysis of U.S. National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C). Vaccines 2024, 12, 289. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fell, D.B.; Dimanlig-Cruz, S.; Regan, A.K.; Håberg, S.E.; Gravel, C.A.; Oakley, L.; Alton, G.D.; Török, E.; Dhinsa, T.; Shah, P.S.; et al. Risk of preterm birth, small for gestational age at birth, and stillbirth after COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: Population based retrospective cohort study. BMJ 2022, 378. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gastesi Orbegozo, I.; Cea-Soriano, L.; Llorente, A.; Huerta-Álvarez, C. Lack of association between COVID-19 vaccines and miscarriage onset using a case-crossover design. Sci. Rep. 2024, 14, 7275. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Giannopoulou, N.; Gupta, L.; Andreoli, L.; Lini, D.; Nikiphorou, E.; Aggarwal, R.; Agarwal, V.; Parodis, I. COVID-19 vaccine safety during pregnancy in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmun. Rev. 2023, 22, 103292. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Goldshtein, I.; Nevo, D.; Steinberg, D.M.; Rotem, R.S.; Gorfine, M.; Chodick, G.; Segal, Y. Association Between BNT162b2 Vaccination and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pregnant Women. JAMA 2021, 326, 728–735. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Goldshtein, I.; Steinberg, D.M.; Kuint, J.; Chodick, G.; Segal, Y.; Shapiro Ben David, S.; Ben-Tov, A. Association of BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy With Neonatal and Early Infant Outcomes. JAMA Pediatr. 2022, 176, 470. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gong, Y.; Zhang, X.; Han, X.; Chen, B.; Xu, Y.; Huang, J.; Yang, W.; Fu, X.; Wang, Q.; Li, Z.; et al. Immune response and safety of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines during pregnancy: A real-world observational study. Expert Rev. Vaccines 2023, 22, 956–963. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Goruntla, N.; Karisetty, B.; Nandini, N.; Bhupasamudram, B.; Gangireddy, H.R.; Veerabhadrappa, K.V.; Ezeonwumelu, J.O.C.; Bandaru, V. Adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant women attending primary health centers: An active-surveillance study. Vacunas 2023, 24, 291–297. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Guedalia, J.; Lipschuetz, M.; Calderon-Margalit, R.; Cohen, S.M.; Goldman-Wohl, D.; Kaminer, T.; Melul, E.; Shefer, G.; Sompolinsky, Y.; Walfisch, A.; et al. Effectiveness of a third BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: A national observational study in Israel. Nat. Commun. 2022, 13, 6961. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Halasa, N.B.; Olson, S.M.; Staat, M.A.; Newhams, M.M.; Price, A.M.; Pannaraj, P.S.; Boom, J.A.; Sahni, L.C.; Chiotos, K.; Cameron, M.A.; et al. Maternal Vaccination and Risk of Hospitalization for COVID-19 among Infants. N. Engl. J. Med. 2022, 387, 109–119. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hantoushzadeh, S.; Younesi, S.; Mahdi Taheri Amin, M.; Saadati, P.; Jamali, S.; Nassiri, S.; Modarresi, M.H.; Savad, S.; Delshad, S.; Soleiman Meiguni, Z.; et al. Impact of COVID-19 and vaccination on first and second trimester screening results. Cytokine 2023, 168, 156228. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hatami, D.; Habibelahi, A.; Changizi, N.; Heidarzadeh, M.; Nojomi, M.; Rast, M.; Ansari, K.; Tehrani-Banihashemi, A. Perinatal outcomes and sinopharm BBIBP-CorV vaccination during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024, 24, 190. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hui, L.; Marzan, M.B.; Rolnik, D.L.; Potenza, S.; Pritchard, N.; Said, J.M.; Palmer, K.R.; Whitehead, C.L.; Sheehan, P.M.; Ford, J.; et al. Reductions in stillbirths and preterm birth in COVID-19–vaccinated women: A multicenter cohort study of vaccination uptake and perinatal outcomes. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2023, 228, 585.e1–585.e16. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jorgensen, S.C.J.; Drover, S.S.M.; Fell, D.B.; Austin, P.C.; D’Souza, R.; Guttmann, A.; Buchan, S.A.; Wilson, S.E.; Nasreen, S.; Schwartz, K.L.; et al. Newborn and Early Infant Outcomes Following Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy. JAMA Pediatr. 2023, 177, 1314. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Juttukonda, L.J.; Wachman, E.M.; Boateng, J.; Clarke, K.; Snyder-Cappione, J.; Taglauer, E.S. The impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and first trimester infection on feto-maternal immune responses. Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 2022, 88, e13625. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kachikis, A.; Englund, J.A.; Singleton, M.; Covelli, I.; Drake, A.L.; Eckert, L.O. Short-term Reactions Among Pregnant and Lactating Individuals in the First Wave of the COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout. JAMA Netw. Open 2021, 4, E2121310. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kharbanda, E.O.; Haapala, J.; Lipkind, H.S.; Desilva, M.B.; Zhu, J.; Vesco, K.K.; Daley, M.F.; Donahue, J.G.; Getahun, D.; Hambidge, S.J.; et al. COVID-19 Booster Vaccination in Early Pregnancy and Surveillance for Spontaneous Abortion. JAMA Netw. Open 2023, 6, E2314350. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Komine-Aizawa, S.; Haruyama, Y.; Deguchi, M.; Hayakawa, S.; Kawana, K.; Kobashi, G.; Miyagi, E.; Yamada, H.; Sugiyama, T. The vaccination status and adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant women in Japan in 2021. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2022, 48, 1561. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kugelman, N.; Riskin, A.; Kedar, R.; Riskin-Mashiah, S. Safety of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women: A study of the adverse perinatal outcomes. Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet. 2023, 161, 298–302. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yang, C.; Zheng, Z.; Zheng, P.; Chen, J.; Huang, Q.; Chen, Y.; Zhou, Y.; Chen, P.; Li, Y.; Wu, Y. Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in peri-pregnancy period: Evaluation of safety for both pregnant women and neonates. Vaccine 2023, 41, 7450–7459. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lipkind, H.S.; Vazquez-Benitez, G.; DeSilva, M.; Vesco, K.K.; Ackerman-Banks, C.; Zhu, J.; Boyce, T.G.; Daley, M.F.; Fuller, C.C.; Getahun, D.; et al. Receipt of COVID-19 Vaccine During Pregnancy and Preterm or Small-for-Gestational-Age at Birth—Eight Integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, 15 December 2020–22 July 2021. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 2022, 71, 26. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lu, L.; Wang, L.; Feng, T.; Du, X. Safety evaluation of COVID-19 vaccination during early pregnancy: A single-center prospective cohort study of Chinese pregnant women. Hum. Vaccines Immunother. 2023, 19, 2226995. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Magnus, M.C.; Örtqvist, A.K.; Dahlqwist, E.; Ljung, R.; Skår, F.; Oakley, L.; Macsali, F.; Pasternak, B.; Gjessing, H.K.; Håberg, S.E.; et al. Association of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination During Pregnancy With Pregnancy Outcomes. JAMA 2022, 327, 1469–1477. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mansour, O.; Hernandez-Diaz, S.; Wyszynski, D.F. mRNA COVID-19 vaccination early in pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous abortion in an international pregnancy registry. Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. 2023, 32, 685–693. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mascolo, A.; di Mauro, G.; Fraenza, F.; Gaio, M.; Zinzi, A.; Pentella, C.; Rossi, F.; Capuano, A.; Sportiello, L. Maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women receiving COVID-19 vaccination: The preg-co-vax study. Front. Immunol. 2022, 13, 965171. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Norman, M.; Magnus, M.C.; Söderling, J.; Juliusson, P.B.; Navér, L.; Örtqvist, A.K.; Håberg, S.; Stephansson, O. Neonatal Outcomes After COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy. JAMA 2024, 331, 396–407. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Peretz-Machluf, R.; Hirsh-Yechezkel, G.; Zaslavsky-Paltiel, I.; Farhi, A.; Avisar, N.; Lerner-Geva, L.; Meyer, R.; Tsur, A.; Yinon, Y. Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes following COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 2540. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Piekos, S.N.; Hwang, Y.M.; Roper, R.T.; Sorensen, T.; Price, N.D.; Hood, L.; Hadlock, J.J. Effect of COVID-19 vaccination and booster on maternal–fetal outcomes: A retrospective cohort study. Lancet Digit. Health 2023, 5, e594. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rottenstreich, M.; Sela, H.Y.; Rotem, R.; Kadish, E.; Wiener-Well, Y.; Grisaru-Granovsky, S. COVID-19 vaccination during the third trimester of pregnancy: Rate of vaccination and maternal and neonatal outcomes, a multicentre retrospective cohort study. BJOG 2022, 129, 248–255. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Rysava, R.; Peiskerova, M.; Tesar, V.; Benes, J.; Kment, M.; Szilágyi, Á.; Csuka, D.; Prohászka, Z. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome triggered by mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2: Case report. Front. Immunol. 2022, 13, 1001366. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tartaglia, S.; Di Ilio, C.; Romanzi, F.; Moresi, S.; Nardi, E.; Bevilacqua, E.; Arena, V.; Lanzone, A. Corrigendum to “Effects of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine on placental histopathology: Comparison of a population of uncomplicated COVID-19 positive pregnant women” [Placenta 149 (2024) 64-71]. Placenta 2024, 151, 18. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tavares Veras Florentino, P.; Cerqueira-Silva, T.; Freire De Carvalho, L.; Jôse Oliveira Alves, F.; De Araújo Oliveira, V.; Mateus Oliveira Aguilar, G.; De Sousa Prado, R.; Soranz, D.; Pearce, N.; Boaventura, V.; et al. Safety of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac during pregnancy on birth outcomes and neonatal mortality: A cohort study from Brazil. Int. J. Epidemiol. 2023, 52, 1708. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Theiler, R.N.; Wick, M.; Mehta, R.; Weaver, A.L.; Virk, A.; Swift, M. Pregnancy and birth outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in pregnancy. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. MFM 2021, 3, 100467. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Toussia-Cohen, S.; Yinon, Y.; Peretz-Machluf, R.; Segal, O.; Regev, N.; Asraf, K.; Doolman, R.; Kubani, Y.; Gonen, T.; Regev-Yochay, G.; et al. Early Adverse Events and Immune Response Following Second and Third COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 4720. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Trostle, M.E.; Limaye, M.A.; Avtushka, V.; Lighter, J.L.; Penfield, C.A.; Roman, A.S. COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy: Early experience from a single institution. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. MFM 2021, 3, 100464. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- van Voorden, J.; de Groot, C.J.M.; Ris-Stalpers, C.; Afink, G.B.; van Leeuwen, E. COVID-19 mRNA vaccination during pregnancy does not harm syncytiotrophoblast development. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 2024, 140, 95–98. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Vazquez-Benitez, G.; Haapala, J.L.; Lipkind, H.S.; DeSilva, M.B.; Zhu, J.; Daley, M.F.; Getahun, D.; Klein, N.P.; Vesco, K.K.; Irving, S.A.; et al. COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Surveillance in Early Pregnancy in the United States: Design Factors Affecting the Association between Vaccine and Spontaneous Abortion. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2023, 192, 1386. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Velez, M.P.; Fell, D.B.; Shellenberger, J.P.; Kwong, J.C.; Ray, J.G. Miscarriage after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: A population-based cohort study. BJOG 2024, 131, 415–422. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Voiniušytė, A.; Einikytė, R.; Černiauskaitė, M.; Ramašauskaitė, D.; Paliulytė, V. Vaccination Against COVID-19 Disease During Pregnancy. Acta Med. Litu. 2022, 29, 51. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wainstock, T.; Yoles, I.; Sergienko, R.; Sheiner, E. Prenatal maternal COVID-19 vaccination and pregnancy outcomes. Vaccine 2021, 39, 6037. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wiweko, B.; Januarto, A.K.; Saleh, N.; Hadisaputra, W.; Hestiantoro, A.; Hidayat, Y.M.; Baharuddin, M.; Pusponegoro, A.D.; Maidarti, M.; Dilmy, M.A.; et al. Outcome findings of COVID-19 vaccine among 31 977 pregnant women in Indonesia. Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet. 2023, 163, 1018–1023. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Woestenberg, P.J.; de Feijter, M.; Bergman, J.E.H.; Lutke, L.R.; Passier, A.J.L.M.; Kant, A.C. Maternal first trimester COVID-19 vaccination and risk of major non-genetic congenital anomalies. Birth Defects Res. 2023, 115, 1746–1757. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hayakawa, S.; Komine-Aizawa, S.; Takada, K.; Kimura, T.; Yamada, H. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategy for pregnant women in Japan. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2021, 47, 1958–1964. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Pardi, N.; Hogan, M.J.; Porter, F.W.; Weissman, D. mRNA vaccines—A new era in vaccinology. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2018, 17, 261–279. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ewer, K.J.; Lambe, T.; Rollier, C.S.; Spencer, A.J.; Hill, A.V.S.; Dorrell, L. Viral vectors as vaccine platforms: From immunogenicity to impact. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 2016, 41, 47–54. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jafari, A.; Danesh Pouya, F.; Niknam, Z.; Abdollahpour-Alitappeh, M.; Rezaei-Tavirani, M.; Rasmi, Y. Current advances and challenges in COVID-19 vaccine development: From conventional vaccines to next-generation vaccine platforms. Mol. Biol. Rep. 2022, 49, 4943–4957. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Smithgall, M.C.; Murphy, E.A.; Schatz-Siemers, N.; Matrai, C.; Tu, J.; Baergen, R.N.; Yang, Y.J. Placental pathology in women vaccinated and unvaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2022, 227, 782. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shanes, E.D.; Otero, S.; Mithal, L.B.; Mupanomunda, C.A.; Miller, E.S.; Goldstein, J.A. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Vaccination in Pregnancy: Measures of Immunity and Placental Histopathology. Obstet. Gynecol. 2021, 138, 281. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Li, M.; Hao, J.; Jiang, T.; Deng, W.; Lu, H.; Wang, S.; Wan, G.; Xie, Y.; Yi, W. Maternal and neonatal safety of COVID-19 vaccination during the peri-pregnancy period: A prospective study. J. Med. Virol. 2023, 95, e28378. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wesselink, A.K.; Hatch, E.E.; Rothman, K.J.; Wang, T.R.; Willis, M.D.; Yland, J.; Crowe, H.M.; Geller, R.J.; Willis, S.K.; Perkins, R.B.; et al. A Prospective Cohort Study of COVID-19 Vaccination, SARS-CoV-2 Infection, and Fertility. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2022, 191, 1383. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, D.; Huang, T.; Chen, Z.; Zhang, L.; Gao, Q.; Liu, G.; Zheng, J.; Ding, F. Systematic review and meta-analysis of neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy. Pediatr. Res. 2023, 94, 34. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rahmati, M.; Yon, D.K.; Lee, S.W.; Butler, L.; Koyanagi, A.; Jacob, L.; Shin, J.I.; Smith, L. Effects of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy on SARS-CoV-2 infection and maternal and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev. Med. Virol. 2023, 33, e2434. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Tormen, M.; Taliento, C.; Salvioli, S.; Piccolotti, I.; Scutiero, G.; Cappadona, R.; Greco, P. Effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccine in pregnant women: A systematic review with meta-analysis. BJOG 2023, 130, 348–357. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Study | Type of Vaccination | Type of Study |
---|---|---|
[10] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2, Moderna, mRNA-1273 AstraZeneca, AZD1222 | CS (retrospective) |
[11] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CaS |
[12] | mRNA vaccination | CS |
[13] | NA | CaS |
[14] | NA | CS |
[15] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CS (prospective) |
[16] | mRNA vaccination | CS (retrospective) |
[17] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | OS |
[18] | mRNA vaccination | CS |
[19] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 AstraZeneca, AZD1222 -Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 CoronaVac, Sinovac -Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | RT (prospective) |
[20] | mRNA vaccination | OS (retrospective) |
[21] | mRNA vaccination | PCS |
[22] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CS (retrospective) |
[23] | NA | CS |
[24] | NA | CS (retrospective) |
[25] | Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 Moderna, mRNA-1273 | CS (retrospective) |
[26] | mRNA vaccination | CS |
[27] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CaS |
[28] | mRNA vaccination | CS (retrospective) |
[29] | NA | CS (retrospective) |
[30] | BBIBP-CorV, Sinopharm CoronaVac, Sinovac | CS (retrospective) |
[31] | Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 Moderna, mRNA-1273 | OS |
[32] | NA | CS (retrospective) |
[33] | AstraZeneca, AZD1222 Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Moderna, mRNA-1273 Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | OS |
[34] | NA | OS |
[35] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CS (retrospective) |
[36] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | OS |
[37] | BBIBP-CorV, Sinopharm CoronaVac, Sinovac | OS |
[38] | AstraZeneca, AZD1222 Bharat Biotech, Covaxin | OS |
[39] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CS |
[40] | mRNA vaccination | OS |
[41] | NA | OS |
[42] | BBIBP-CorV, Sinopharm | CS (retrospective) |
[43] | NA | CS (retrospective) |
[44] | mRNA vaccination | CS (retrospective) |
[45] | Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 Moderna, mRNA-1273 | CS |
[46] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 Moderna, mRNA-1273 Johnson & Johnson, Janssen | CS (prospective) |
[47] | NA | OS |
[48] | NA | OS |
[49] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CS (retrospective) |
[50] | CoronaVac, Sinovac | CS (prospective) |
[51] | mRNA vaccination | CS |
[52] | NA | CS (prospective) |
[53] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 Moderna, mRNA-1273 AstraZeneca, AZD1222 | OS |
[54] | mRNA vaccination | CS (prospective) |
[55] | NA | OS |
[56] | mRNA vaccination | CS |
[57] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CS (retrospective) |
[58] | mRNA vaccination | CS (retrospective) |
[59] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CS |
[60] | mRNA vaccination | CaS |
[61] | NA | SCS (retrospective) |
[62] | CoronaVac, Sinovac Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CS (retrospective) |
[63] | Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Moderna, mRNA-1273 Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CS (observational) |
[64] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CS (prospective) |
[65] | mRNA vaccination | DS |
[66] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | In vitro study |
[67] | NA | OS |
[68] | mRNA, adenovirus-vectored, and unspecified vaccination | CS |
[69] | AstraZeneca, AZD1222 Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 Moderna, mRNA-1273, Johnson & Johnson, Janssen | DS |
[70] | Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 | CS (retrospective) |
[71] | CoronaVac, Sinovac Moderna, mRNA-1273 Pfizer-BioNTech, BNT162b2 AstraZeneca, AZD1222 | DS |
[72] | NA | CS |
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Gerede, A.; Daskalakis, G.; Mikos, T.; Chatzakis, C.; Vavoulidis, E.; Eleftheriades, M.; Domali, E.; Nikolettos, K.; Oikonomou, E.; Antsaklis, P.; et al. Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 1775. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14161775
Gerede A, Daskalakis G, Mikos T, Chatzakis C, Vavoulidis E, Eleftheriades M, Domali E, Nikolettos K, Oikonomou E, Antsaklis P, et al. Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics. 2024; 14(16):1775. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14161775
Chicago/Turabian StyleGerede, Angeliki, Georgios Daskalakis, Themistoklis Mikos, Christos Chatzakis, Eleftherios Vavoulidis, Makarios Eleftheriades, Ekaterini Domali, Konstantinos Nikolettos, Efthymios Oikonomou, Panagiotis Antsaklis, and et al. 2024. "Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review" Diagnostics 14, no. 16: 1775. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14161775