Effect of Blowby on the Leakage of the Three-Piece Oil Control Ring and Subsequent Oil Transport in Upper Ring-Pack Regions in Internal Combustion Engines
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Setup
2.1. Engine Setup
2.2. Optical Setup
- full view as using 128 × 1024 resolution recording the whole optical window;
- magnified view with 1024 × 1024 resolution focused on a 12 × 12 mm square area at a set position.
Camera Characters | |
---|---|
Sensor type | Proprietary Design Advanced CMOS |
Maximum resolution | 1024 × 1024 pixels |
Sensor size/ Diagonal | 20.48 × 20.48 mm/28.96 mm |
Pixel size(microns) | 20 µm × 20 µm |
Quantum efficiency | 46% at 630 nm |
Fill factor | 58% |
Color Matrix | Bayer CFA (single sensor) |
ISO 12232 Ssat Sensitivity | ISO 25000 monochrome |
Shutter | 1 ms to 1µs, independent of frame rate |
2.3. Test Procedure
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Drastic Change in Oil Upward Flow When Blowby Reaches Zero
3.1.1. Time for Oil to Climb Up
3.1.2. Blowby Separation Line
3.2. Oil Accumulation in TPOCR
3.2.1. Dynamic Equilibrium Level
3.2.2. Oil Supply to the OCR Groove
Drain Holes
Lower Rail Gaps
3.2.3. Upper Rail Leaking
3.2.4. Importance of Rail Gap Location
- When the upper rail gap is rotated to the window area, it helps suck more oil into areas of the TPOCR groove between the two drain holes when the intake manifold pressure is below blowby separation line. On the contrary, the upper rail gap can help release more oil through the drain holes when the blowby is positive;
- the ring rotation is fast enough such that the effect of the upper rail gap remains before it comes back again.
3.2.5. Effect of Engine Speed
3.3. After Passing OCR: Pumping Effect
3.3.1. Hook Chamfer Design Result in Fully Flooded Pumping
3.3.2. Pumping Rate of the Second Ring
3.3.3. Pumping Rate of the Top Ring
3.4. Summary
4. Conclusions
- When the engine is running under the blowby separation line for a long enough time, such as with engine brakes in driving, overall reverse flow will gradually drive oil upwards and even oil droplets can be seen through the top ring gap. This will result in massive LOC and should be eliminated in engine operation;
- The oil inside the OCR groove can leak out from the upper rail gap. Low engine load and low engine speed can both introduce a higher oil accumulation level, which can result in more oil leakage. The alignment of both OCR rail gaps can result in more leakage than the situation when the gaps are far away from each other;
- The drain holes inside the OCR groove can act as oil supply holes. When running at zero blowby without a draining effect, the oil leakage jet from the upper rail gap can hit the second ring. This acts as the starting point of massive oil upwards pumping by filling the hook chamfer;
- The top two rings can pump the oil upwards through ring groove clearances at all the load conditions tested, provided there is sufficient oil supply to the boundaries of the ring/groove clearance. Therefore, the limiting factor for the ring/groove clearance to become an oil leaking path is the oil supply;
- It needs to be emphasized that different engines reach zero blowby at different levels of intake manifold pressure. Zero blowby rather than the magnitude of intake pressure as the threshold for drastic change of oil control bears more general implications. Furthermore, the findings in this work are applicable to not only different SI engines but also gas and hydrogen engines equipped with TPOCR.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
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Engine Characters | |
---|---|
Type | Spark Ignition 4 Valves |
Bore | 86.6 mm |
Stroke | 88.0 mm |
Displacement | 0.511 L |
Max specific power | 37.3 kW/L@5400 RPM |
Max specific torque | 80 Nm/L@4200 RPM |
Lubricant | SAE 0W20 |
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Li, M.; Tian, T. Effect of Blowby on the Leakage of the Three-Piece Oil Control Ring and Subsequent Oil Transport in Upper Ring-Pack Regions in Internal Combustion Engines. Lubricants 2022, 10, 250. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10100250
Li M, Tian T. Effect of Blowby on the Leakage of the Three-Piece Oil Control Ring and Subsequent Oil Transport in Upper Ring-Pack Regions in Internal Combustion Engines. Lubricants. 2022; 10(10):250. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10100250
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Mo, and Tian Tian. 2022. "Effect of Blowby on the Leakage of the Three-Piece Oil Control Ring and Subsequent Oil Transport in Upper Ring-Pack Regions in Internal Combustion Engines" Lubricants 10, no. 10: 250. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10100250