Does Larval Rearing Diet Lead to Premating Isolation in Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)?
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Insect Collection and Rearing
2.2. Life Table Study
2.3. Mate Choice
2.3.1. Non-Choice Tests
2.3.2. Choice Tests
2.4. Statistical Analyses
2.4.1. Life Table Analyses
2.4.2. Population Projections
2.4.3. Mate Choice
3. Results
3.1. Developmental Period
3.2. Age-Specific Survivorship, Life Expectancy, and Fecundity
3.3. Life Table Parameters
3.4. Population Projections
3.5. Mate Choice
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stage/Parameter | n | Tobacco | n | Cabbage | n | Artificial Diet |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | ||||||
Egg | 32 | 2.53 ± 0.11 a | 32 | 1.78 ± 0.07 c | 31 | 2.03 ± 0.03 b |
L1 | 32 | 2.88 ± 0.16 a | 32 | 2.34 ± 0.09 b | 31 | 2.06 ± 0.04 c |
L2 | 32 | 2.56 ± 0.16 b | 32 | 3.06 ± 0.12 a | 31 | 1.94 ± 0.18 c |
L3 | 32 | 2.56 ± 0.18 a | 32 | 1.75 ± 0.11 b | 31 | 2.42 ± 0.16 a |
L4 | 32 | 3.78 ± 0.28 a | 32 | 1.28 ± 0.09 c | 31 | 1.65 ± 0.12 b |
L5 | 32 | 2.81 ± 0.23 a | 32 | 2.16 ± 0.19 b | 31 | 2.87 ± 0.12 a |
L6 | 32 | 4.5 ± 0.19 a | 32 | 3.19 ± 0.16 b | 31 | 2.03 ± 0.17 c |
Prepupa | 32 | 1.28 ± 0.09 a | 32 | 1.06 ± 0.04 b | 31 | 1.23 ± 0.23 ab |
Pupa | 32 | 8.28 ± 0.24 ab | 32 | 8.59 ± 0.11 a | 31 | 8.13 ± 0.14 b |
Preadult | 32 | 31.28 ± 0.72 a | 32 | 25.22 ± 0.19 b | 31 | 24.35 ± 0.41 b |
Female adult longevity (d) | 32 | 8.59 ± 0.42 ab | 32 | 6.69 ± 0.27 b | 31 | 8.19 ± 0.27 a |
APOP (d) | 31 | 0.94 ± 0.06 a | 31 | 0.9 ± 0.05 a | 31 | 0.87 ± 0.06 a |
TPOP (d) | 31 | 31.94 ± 0.72 a | 31 | 26.16 ± 0.21 b | 31 | 25.23 ± 0.42 c |
Female total longevity (d) | 32 | 39.78 ± 0.73 a | 32 | 31.91 ± 0.39 b | 31 | 30.19 ± 0.62 c |
Oviposition days | 32 | 2.45 ± 0.13 a | 31 | 2.06 ± 0.13 b | 31 | 2.58 ± 0.11 a |
Fecundity (eggs/female) | 32 | 1058.69 ± 76.05 a | 32 | 826.22 ± 72.72 b | 31 | 1265.68 ± 75.99 a |
Male | ||||||
Egg | 30 | 2.45 ± 0.13 a | 37 | 1.76 ± 0.07 c | 31 | 2.1 ± 0.05 b |
L1 | 30 | 3 ± 0.17 a | 37 | 2.46 ± 0.08 b | 31 | 2.1 ± 0.05 c |
L2 | 30 | 2.3 ± 0.18 b | 37 | 2.84 ± 0.11 a | 31 | 1.52 ± 0.17 c |
L3 | 30 | 2.5 ± 0.13 a | 37 | 1.92 ± 0.12 b | 31 | 2.77 ± 0.17 a |
L4 | 30 | 3.63 ± 0.13 a | 37 | 1.27 ± 0.07 c | 31 | 1.87 ± 0.14 b |
L5 | 30 | 2.4 ± 0.18 b | 37 | 2.16 ± 0.18 b | 31 | 2.94 ± 0.15 a |
L6 | 30 | 4.1 ± 1.06 a | 37 | 2.81 ± 0.13 b | 31 | 1.9 ± 0.12 c |
Prepupa | 30 | 1.27 ± 0.1 ab | 37 | 1.41 ± 0.08 a | 31 | 1.1 ± 0.05 b |
Pupa | 30 | 9.8 ± 0.14 a | 37 | 9.41 ± 0.1 b | 31 | 8.71 ± 0.19 c |
Preadult | 30 | 30.83 ± 0.41 a | 37 | 26.03 ± 0.19 b | 30 | 25 ± 0.29 c |
Male adult longevity (d) | 30 | 8.83 ± 0.53 a | 37 | 6.92 ± 0.18 b | 30 | 8.19 ± 0.27 a |
Male total longevity (d) | 30 | 39.87 ± 0.6 a | 37 | 32.46 ± 0.24 b | 30 | 33.19 ± 0.38 b |
Parameter | Tobacco | Cabbage | Artificial Diet |
---|---|---|---|
R (d−1) | 0.18 ± 0.006 c | 0.20 ± 0.006 b | 0.22 ± 0.007 a |
λ (d−1) | 1.19 ± 0.007 c | 1.22 ± 0.008 b | 1.24 ± 0.008 a |
R0 (offspring per individual) | 338.78 ± 55.10 a | 264.39 ± 44.35 a | 392.36 ± 62.74 a |
T (d−1) | 32.87 ± 0.48 a | 27.83 ± 0.23 b | 26.88 ± 0.32 c |
Gender | Diet | Male | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cabbage | Tobacco | Artificial Diet | ||
Female | Cabbage | 0.60 ± 011 a | 0.30 ± 0.11 ab | 0.10 ± 0.07 b |
Tobacco | 0.20 ± 0.09 b | 0.55 ± 0.11 a | 0.25 ± 0.10 ab | |
Artificial Diet | 0.60 ± 011 a | 0.30 ± 0.11 ab | 0.10 ± 0.07 b |
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Di, X.-Y.; Yan, B.; Wu, C.-X.; Yu, X.-F.; Liu, J.-F.; Yang, M.-F. Does Larval Rearing Diet Lead to Premating Isolation in Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)? Insects 2021, 12, 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12030203
Di X-Y, Yan B, Wu C-X, Yu X-F, Liu J-F, Yang M-F. Does Larval Rearing Diet Lead to Premating Isolation in Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)? Insects. 2021; 12(3):203. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12030203
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi, Xue-Yuan, Bin Yan, Cheng-Xu Wu, Xiao-Fei Yu, Jian-Feng Liu, and Mao-Fa Yang. 2021. "Does Larval Rearing Diet Lead to Premating Isolation in Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)?" Insects 12, no. 3: 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12030203