Particularities of the Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Ovipositing Behavior: Practical Applications
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Statistics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Specification | Distance from the Substrate | TOTAL | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 mm | 8 mm | 12 mm | 16 mm | 20 mm | 24 mm | 28 mm | Total Clutches (N = 140) | Clutch Weight (mg) | ||
Slot dimensions | 1 mm | 18 | 23 | 2 | 0 | 17 | 5 | 13 | 82 a | 17.47 ± 0.55 a |
2 mm | 10 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 23 b | 21.16 ± 0.83 b | |
3 mm | 0 | 0 | 7 | 17 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 27 b | 26.16 ± 1.04 c | |
4 mm | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 b | 23.27 ± 1.13 b | |
5 mm | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 b | 22.17 ± 1.42 b | |
Total clutches (N = 140) | 31 a | 23 a | 12 b | 22 a | 18 a | 9 b | 25 a | Mann–Whitney | F = 18.03 p = 0.001 | |
Clutch weight (mg) | 18.74 ± 0.88 a | 16.73 ± 0.99 a | 25.73 ± 2.03 b | 24.18 ± 1.26 b | 17.83 ± 1.22 a | 22.83 ± 1.55 b | 19.78 ± 0.97 a | F = 7.145 p = 0.001 | one-way ANOVA |
Specification | Distance from the Substrate | Total | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 mm | 8 mm | 12 mm | 16 mm | 20 mm | 24 mm | 28 mm | Ʃ Clutches | Ʃ 1 + 2 mm Mann–Whitney | ||||
Ratio dry matter:water | 1:0.5 | Slot | 1 mm | 9 | 1 | 1 | - | 3 | 3 | 0 | 17 | 31 a |
2 mm | 6 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 14 | ||||
1:1 | Slot | 1 mm | 35 | 30 | 22 | 0 | 12 | 11 | 13 | 123 | 183 b | |
2 mm | 14 | 7 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 16 | 7 | 60 | ||||
1:1.5 | Slot | 1 mm | 16 | 12 | 9 | 0 | 12 | 15 | 0 | 64 | 107 c | |
2 mm | 17 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 13 | 43 | ||||
1:2 | Slot | 1 mm | 15 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 13 | 0 | 47 | 103 c | |
2 mm | 17 | 12 | 0 | 3 | 15 | 0 | 9 | 56 | ||||
Total clutches Mann–Whitney | 1 mm | 75 a | 46 ab | 39 ab | 2 c | 34 ab | 42 ab | 13 b | 251 | 424 | ||
2 mm | 54 a | 24 ab | 1 c | 24 ab | 17 ab | 23 ab | 30 ab | 173 | ||||
Ʃ1 + 2 mm | 129 a | 70 ab | 40 b | 26 b | 51 b | 65 ab | 43 b | - |
Specification | Clutch Number | Clutch Weight (mg) | The Average Clutch Weight According to the Distance from the Substrate | One-Way ANOVA F = 0.090 p-Value 0.966 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 mm | 8 mm | 12 mm | 16 mm | 20 mm | 24 mm | 28 mm | ||||||
Substrate (DM)/water | 1:0.5 | 1 mm | 17 | 21.06 ± 1.88 | 22.96 | 26.47 | 23.10 | 28.27 | 24.65 | 24.57 | 30.30 | 25.76 ± 1.69 |
2 mm | 14 | 30.79 ± 2.22 | ||||||||||
1:1 | 1 mm | 123 | 24.72 ± 0.84 | 25.92 | 24.95 | 25.53 | 30.09 | 22.17 | 23.03 | 29.76 | 25.92 ± 0.66 | |
2 mm | 60 | 28.05 ± 1.01 | ||||||||||
1:1.5 | 1 mm | 64 | 24.36 ± 0.70 | 23.64 | 24.33 | 23.83 | 26.59 | 25.10 | 26.45 | 29.12 | 25.58 ± 0.62 | |
2 mm | 43 | 27.40 ± 1.0 | ||||||||||
1:2 | 1 mm | 47 | 22.08 ± 0.72 | 25.64 | 25.25 | 22.09 | 24.36 | 25.33 | 23.15 | 32.48 | 25.47 ± 0.65 | |
2 mm | 56 | 28.31 ± 0.87 | ||||||||||
Clutch weight (mg) one-way ANOVA: F = 5.88 p = 0.001 | 24.54 ± 6.25 a | 25.25 ± 6.35 ab | 23.64 ± 6.27 a | 27.33 ± 7.52 b | 24.31 ± 6.96 a | 24.30 ± 6.57 a | 30.41 ± 8.37 c | 25.68 mg |
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Bogdan, G.; Ioan, S.D.; Mihai, Ș.; Elena, M.L.; Vasile, M.D.; Mihaela, B.A. Particularities of the Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Ovipositing Behavior: Practical Applications. Insects 2022, 13, 611. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13070611
Bogdan G, Ioan SD, Mihai Ș, Elena ML, Vasile MD, Mihaela BA. Particularities of the Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Ovipositing Behavior: Practical Applications. Insects. 2022; 13(7):611. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13070611
Chicago/Turabian StyleBogdan, Georgescu, Struți Dănuț Ioan, Șuteu Mihai, Moldovan Lavinia Elena, Moldovan Dorin Vasile, and Boaru Anca Mihaela. 2022. "Particularities of the Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Ovipositing Behavior: Practical Applications" Insects 13, no. 7: 611. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13070611