Individual Responses for Muscle Activation, Repetitions, and Volume during Three Sets to Failure of High- (80% 1RM) versus Low-Load (30% 1RM) Forearm Flexion Resistance Exercise
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Subjects
2.2. Experimental Design
2.3. One Repetition Maximum
2.4. Resistance Exercise
2.5. Electromyography
2.6. Signal Processing
2.7. Statistics
Group | Subject | Repetitions Completed | Individual Volume | Mean Volume | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | All sets | |||
80% 1RM | 1 | 11 | 9 | 6 | 339.7 | 350.8 ± 72.8 |
5 | 12 | 8 | 6 | 294.8 | ||
6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 344.7 | ||
9 | 10 | 7 | 4 | 190.5 | ||
10 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 367.4 | ||
13 | 12 | 11 | 8 | 492.2 | ||
14 | 15 | 10 | 8 | 411.6 | ||
18 | 12 | 8 | 3 | 365.1 | ||
30% 1RM | 2 | 58 | 24 | 26 | 269.4 | 382.8 ± 101.4 |
3 | 37 | 24 | 14 | 323.2 | ||
4 | 39 | 20 | 20 | 308.2 | ||
7 | 47 | 16 | 15 | 398.0 | ||
11 | 54 | 14 | 14 | 390.5 | ||
12 | 37 | 20 | 20 | 384.2 | ||
15 | 51 | 28 | 20 | 606.2 |
3. Results
Group | Subject | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r | r2 | SEE | p-value | r | r2 | SEE | p-value | r | r2 | SEE | p-value | ||
80% 1RM | 1 | 0.50 | 0.25 | 28.36 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.06 | 12.11 | 0.54 | 0.58 | 0.34 | 12.13 | 0.23 |
5 | 0.31 | 0.10 | 18.10 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.12 | 6.60 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.17 | 21.36 | 0.42 | |
6 | 0.32 | 0.10 | 31.90 | 0.48 | 0.66 | 0.44 | 19.08 | 0.11 | 0.90 | 0.82 | 14.95 | 0.01 * | |
9 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 13.04 | 0.79 | 0.66 | 0.43 | 15.29 | 0.11 | 0.16 | 0.03 | 5.31 | 0.84 | |
10 | 0.84 | 0.71 | 3.56 | <0.01 * | 0.40 | 0.16 | 4.58 | 0.44 | 1.00 | - | - | - | |
13 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 15.80 | 0.80 | 0.59 | 0.35 | 6.95 | 0.05 | 0.07 | <0.01 | 16.81 | 0.88 | |
14 | 0.33 | 0.11 | 11.80 | 0.23 | 0.77 | 0.59 | 11.09 | <0.01 * | 0.11 | 0.01 | 16.86 | 0.79 | |
18 | 0.28 | 0.08 | 17.90 | 0.37 | 0.66 | 0.43 | 16.71 | 0.08 | 0.06 | <0.01 | 3.18 | 0.96 | |
30% 1RM | 2 | 0.76 | 0.58 | 16.70 | <0.01 * | 0.18 | 0.03 | 16.18 | 0.39 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 18.76 | 0.52 |
3 | 0.85 | 0.73 | 9.12 | <0.01 * | 0.52 | 0.27 | 12.89 | <0.01 * | 0.66 | 0.44 | 13.35 | 0.01 * | |
4 | 0.88 | 0.77 | 16.84 | <0.01 * | 0.80 | 0.64 | 16.91 | <0.01 * | 0.12 | 0.02 | 17.09 | 0.60 | |
7 | 0.90 | 0.80 | 21.50 | <0.01 * | 0.98 | 0.95 | 5.85 | <0.01 * | 0.77 | 0.59 | 26.43 | <0.01 * | |
11 | 0.76 | 0.58 | 19.26 | <0.01 * | 0.53 | 0.28 | 12.49 | 0.05 | 0.61 | 0.37 | 13.42 | 0.02 * | |
12 | 0.92 | 0.84 | 10.26 | <0.01 * | 0.48 | 0.23 | 14.22 | 0.03 * | 0.22 | 0.05 | 9.90 | 0.35 | |
15 | 0.93 | 0.86 | 12.91 | <0.01 * | 0.51 | 0.26 | 16.01 | <0.01 * | 0.50 | 0.25 | 9.72 | 0.03 * |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Jenkins, N.D.M.; Housh, T.J.; Buckner, S.L.; Bergstrom, H.C.; Cochrane, K.C.; Smith, C.M.; Hill, E.C.; Schmidt, R.J.; Cramer, J.T. Individual Responses for Muscle Activation, Repetitions, and Volume during Three Sets to Failure of High- (80% 1RM) versus Low-Load (30% 1RM) Forearm Flexion Resistance Exercise. Sports 2015, 3, 269-280. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports3040269
Jenkins NDM, Housh TJ, Buckner SL, Bergstrom HC, Cochrane KC, Smith CM, Hill EC, Schmidt RJ, Cramer JT. Individual Responses for Muscle Activation, Repetitions, and Volume during Three Sets to Failure of High- (80% 1RM) versus Low-Load (30% 1RM) Forearm Flexion Resistance Exercise. Sports. 2015; 3(4):269-280. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports3040269
Chicago/Turabian StyleJenkins, Nathaniel D. M., Terry J. Housh, Samuel L. Buckner, Haley C. Bergstrom, Kristen C. Cochrane, Cory M. Smith, Ethan C. Hill, Richard J. Schmidt, and Joel T. Cramer. 2015. "Individual Responses for Muscle Activation, Repetitions, and Volume during Three Sets to Failure of High- (80% 1RM) versus Low-Load (30% 1RM) Forearm Flexion Resistance Exercise" Sports 3, no. 4: 269-280. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports3040269
APA StyleJenkins, N. D. M., Housh, T. J., Buckner, S. L., Bergstrom, H. C., Cochrane, K. C., Smith, C. M., Hill, E. C., Schmidt, R. J., & Cramer, J. T. (2015). Individual Responses for Muscle Activation, Repetitions, and Volume during Three Sets to Failure of High- (80% 1RM) versus Low-Load (30% 1RM) Forearm Flexion Resistance Exercise. Sports, 3(4), 269-280. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports3040269