Prediction of Occurrence of Hot Cracks in Laser Cladding Heat Resistant Nickel Alloys
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology, Materials and Equipment
2.1. Description of the Thermal Model
2.2. Brief Description of the Formation of Dendritic Structure and Crystallization Cracks
2.3. Description of the Cracking Criterion
2.4. Materials Used
2.5. Laser Powder Cladding Equipment and Experiment Setup
2.6. Study of the Macrostructure of Samples
3. Research Results
3.1. Results of Thermal Calculations
3.2. The Results of the Calculation of the Criterion for the Occurrence of Cracks
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Alloy Grade | Content of Elements, % (by Mass) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ni | Cr | Al | Co | Ti | Nb | Mo | W | C | Ta, Re | Fe | |
ZhS32 | basis | 7.7 | 5.2 | 7.2 | - | 1.6 | 1.0 | 8.7 | 0.15 | 3.5–4.5 | <1.0 |
ZhS6K | basis | 11.3 | 5.5 | 4.5 | 2.8 | - | 4.0 | 5.0 | 0.16 | - | <2.0 |
ZhS6U | basis | 8.8 | 5.6 | 9.8 | 2.4 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 10.3 | 0.17 | - | <1.0 |
Rene 80 | basis | 13.9 | 3.5 | 9.6 | 4.9 | - | 4.0 | 3.9 | 0.17 | - | <1.0 |
Rene 41 | basis | 19 | 1.6 | 11 | 3.2 | - | 9.5 | - | 0.09 | - | <5.0 |
Alloy Grade | № | Power, W | Speed, mm/s | Powder Consumption, g/min |
---|---|---|---|---|
ZhS32 | 1 | 200 | 3 | 2.4 |
2 | 1000 | 15 | 11.6 | |
ZhS6K | 3 | 200 | 3 | 2.4 |
4 | 1000 | 15 | 11.6 | |
ZhS6U | 5 | 200 | 3 | 2.4 |
6 | 1000 | 15 | 11.6 | |
Rene 41 | 7 | 200 | 3 | 2.4 |
8 | 1000 | 15 | 11.6 | |
Rene 80 | 9 | 200 | 3 | 2.4 |
10 | 1000 | 15 | 11.6 |
Alloy Grade | Technological Mode | |
---|---|---|
200 W, 3 mm/s | 1000 W, 5 mm/s | |
ZhS32 | 2.3 × 10 K/m | 9.3 × 10 K/m |
ZhS6K | 2.4 × 10 K/m | 8.9 × 10 K/m |
ZhS6U | 1.9 × 10 K/m | 8.4 × 10 K/m |
Rene 80 | 2.9 × 10 K/m | 9.5 × 10 K/m |
Rene 41 | 5.2 × 10 K/m | 8.6 × 10 K/m |
Alloy Grade | Technological Mode | |
---|---|---|
200 W, 3 mm/s | 1000 W, 5 mm/s | |
ZhS32 | 7.91 MPa | 165.49 MPa |
ZhS6K | 10.13 MPa | 217.44 MPa |
ZhS6U | 6.42 MPa | 195.74 MPa |
Rene 80 | 14.45 MPa | 318.82 MPa |
Rene 41 | 10.11 MPa | 263.71 MPa |
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Korsmik, R.; Zadykyan, G.; Tyukov, S.; Klimova-Korsmik, O.; Dmitrieva, A. Prediction of Occurrence of Hot Cracks in Laser Cladding Heat Resistant Nickel Alloys. Metals 2023, 13, 1751. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13101751
Korsmik R, Zadykyan G, Tyukov S, Klimova-Korsmik O, Dmitrieva A. Prediction of Occurrence of Hot Cracks in Laser Cladding Heat Resistant Nickel Alloys. Metals. 2023; 13(10):1751. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13101751
Chicago/Turabian StyleKorsmik, Rudolf, Grigoriy Zadykyan, Stepan Tyukov, Olga Klimova-Korsmik, and Anastasiia Dmitrieva. 2023. "Prediction of Occurrence of Hot Cracks in Laser Cladding Heat Resistant Nickel Alloys" Metals 13, no. 10: 1751. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13101751