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Article

Numerical Simulation of Flow and Argon Bubble Distribution in a Continuous Casting Slab Mold under Different Argon Injection Modes

by
Zexian He
1,
Qiao Cheng
1,
Haibiao Lu
1,
Yunbo Zhong
1,
Changgui Cheng
2,3,
Jingxin Song
4,* and
Zuosheng Lei
1,*
1
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
2
The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
3
Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
4
Baosteel Central Research Institute Meishan R&D Center, Nanjing 210039, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Metals 2023, 13(12), 2010; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13122010
Submission received: 27 November 2023 / Revised: 10 December 2023 / Accepted: 12 December 2023 / Published: 14 December 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Casting and Solidification Processing (Second Edition))
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Abstract

A three-dimensional model is established to investigate the effect of argon injection mode, argon flow rate and casting speed on the gas–liquid two-phase flow behavior inside a slab continuous casting mold. The Eulerian–Eulerian model is employed to simulate the gas–liquid flow, and the population balance model is applied to describe the bubble breakage and coalescence process in the mold. The numerical simulation results of the bubble size distribution are verified using the water model experiment. The results show that the flow field and bubble distribution are similar between the argon injection at the upper submerged entry nozzle (SEN) and tundish upper nozzle (TUN), while the number density is larger for the argon injection of TUN. The coalescence rate of bubbles and the bubble size inside the mold increase with increasing argon flow rate. When the argon flow rate exceeds 4 L/min, the flow pattern of liquid steel changes from double-roll flow to complex flow, with aggravation of the level fluctuation of the top surface near the SEN. When the casting speed increases, the bubble breakup rate increases and results in a decrease in the size of bubbles inside the mold. At a high casting speed, the flow pattern tends to form double-roll flow, and the liquid level at the narrow face of the top surface increases.
Keywords: continuous casting; argon injection mode; numerical simulation; bubble size distribution; population balance model continuous casting; argon injection mode; numerical simulation; bubble size distribution; population balance model

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MDPI and ACS Style

He, Z.; Cheng, Q.; Lu, H.; Zhong, Y.; Cheng, C.; Song, J.; Lei, Z. Numerical Simulation of Flow and Argon Bubble Distribution in a Continuous Casting Slab Mold under Different Argon Injection Modes. Metals 2023, 13, 2010. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13122010

AMA Style

He Z, Cheng Q, Lu H, Zhong Y, Cheng C, Song J, Lei Z. Numerical Simulation of Flow and Argon Bubble Distribution in a Continuous Casting Slab Mold under Different Argon Injection Modes. Metals. 2023; 13(12):2010. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13122010

Chicago/Turabian Style

He, Zexian, Qiao Cheng, Haibiao Lu, Yunbo Zhong, Changgui Cheng, Jingxin Song, and Zuosheng Lei. 2023. "Numerical Simulation of Flow and Argon Bubble Distribution in a Continuous Casting Slab Mold under Different Argon Injection Modes" Metals 13, no. 12: 2010. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13122010

APA Style

He, Z., Cheng, Q., Lu, H., Zhong, Y., Cheng, C., Song, J., & Lei, Z. (2023). Numerical Simulation of Flow and Argon Bubble Distribution in a Continuous Casting Slab Mold under Different Argon Injection Modes. Metals, 13(12), 2010. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13122010

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