Effect of the Deposition Process on High-Temperature Microstructure and Properties of the Direct Energy Deposition Al-Cu Alloy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Chemical Composition
3.2. Grain Size
3.3. Precipitated Phases
3.4. Strengthening Phases
3.5. Mechanical Properties
3.6. Fracture Morphology
4. Conclusions
- The grain size of ZCL205A alloy deposits manufactured using different processes at high temperatures is quite different, and the order for grain size is CMT Pulse and Advanced process < CMT process < CMT Pulse process.
- The order for the number and size of the undissolved θ phases in the ZCL205A alloy deposits manufactured using different Direct Energy Deposition processes at high temperatures is CMT Pulse and Advanced process < CMT process < CMT Pulse process.
- After the high-temperature process, the transition θ′ phase transforms into the equilibrium θ phase, and the order for the number of equilibrium θ phase is CMT Pulse process < CMT process < CMT Pulse and Advanced process.
- The tensile strength and yield strength of the ZCL205A alloy deposits prepared using different processes are consistent at the high temperature, and the elongation varies with the deposition processes (CMT Pulse process < CMT process < CMT Pulse and Advanced process), and the deposition process can be selected according to the part’s structure.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Alloy | Cu | Mn | Ti | Cd | Zr | B | V | Al |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Content/% | 5.15 | 0.42 | 0.28 | 0.22 | 0.16 | 0.03 | 0.12 | Rem |
Process | I [A] | U [V] | Vwfs [m·min−1] | Vts [m·min−1] | Cooling Time [s] | Gas Flow [mL·min−1] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CMT | 144 | 16.4 | 6.5 | 8 | 60 | 25 |
CMT Pules | 135 | 18.2 | 6.5 | 8 | 60 | 25 |
CMT Pules Advanced | 98 | 11.2 | 6.5 | 8 | 60 | 25 |
Processes | Elements | Cu | Mn | Ti | Cd | Zr | B | V | Al |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CMT | Burn out rate/% | 5.2 | 4.9 | 10.7 | 54.6 | 3.8 | 61.8 | 0 | Rem |
CMT + P | 5.3 | 4.9 | 11.2 | 55.3 | 3.8 | 63.2 | 0 | Rem | |
CMT + P + A | 5.2 | 4.7 | 9.3 | 50.2 | 3.6 | 59.8 | 0 | Rem |
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Wang, Z.; Wang, S.; Ren, L.; Li, C.; Wang, W.; Ming, Z.; Zhai, Y. Effect of the Deposition Process on High-Temperature Microstructure and Properties of the Direct Energy Deposition Al-Cu Alloy. Metals 2023, 13, 765. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13040765
Wang Z, Wang S, Ren L, Li C, Wang W, Ming Z, Zhai Y. Effect of the Deposition Process on High-Temperature Microstructure and Properties of the Direct Energy Deposition Al-Cu Alloy. Metals. 2023; 13(4):765. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13040765
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Zhenbiao, Shuai Wang, Lingling Ren, Chengde Li, Wei Wang, Zhu Ming, and Yuchun Zhai. 2023. "Effect of the Deposition Process on High-Temperature Microstructure and Properties of the Direct Energy Deposition Al-Cu Alloy" Metals 13, no. 4: 765. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13040765