Connection Status Research of the Resistance Spot Welding Joint Based on a Rectangular Terminal Electrode
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Experimental Conditions
2.1. Experimental Materials and Sample Dimensions
2.2. Welding Parameters
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Metallographic Morphology of the Well-Connected RSW Joints
3.2. Influence of Welding Current on the RSW Nuggets
3.3. Influence of Welding Time on the RSW Nuggets
3.4. Influence of Welding Pressure on the RSW Nuggets
4. Conclusions
- Elliptical welding joints can be obtained on stainless steel plates by RSW with rectangular terminal electrode. There is a proportional relation between the nugget’s dimensions on the long axis and the short axis, and the nugget’s dimension ratio of the long and short axis is generally close to that of the long and short sides of the rectangular terminal electrode.
- The electrode terminal area can be used as an input to roughly estimate welding current density and the welding current range can be settled according to this. With the welding current increase, the RSW nugget’s dimensions of the long axis increase first and then decrease. When the nugget dimension reaches the peak value, the nuggets are mostly composed of regular columnar crystal and have a typical spot welded joint morphology. When the welding current decreases, the nugget dimensions decrease and the width of the equiaxed zone increases gradually. When the welding current is too small, the columnar crystal zone at the central of the nugget disappears, and the nugget is completely composed of isometric crystals.
- With the increase in welding time, the RSW nuggets dimensions increase first and then remain steady. The long welding time generally does not cause splash during the welding process.
- The electrode terminal area can be used as an input to roughly estimate welding pressure range. With the welding pressure increase, the RSW nuggets dimensions of long axis increase first and then decrease. When the welding pressure is too high, it is easy to produce welding joints with small nugget dimensions and large heat affected zone. When the welding pressure is too small, it is easy to produce a unique joint with two adjacent nuggets.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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C | Si | Mn | P | S | Ni | Cr | N |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≤0.08 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.030 | 7.00–10.500 | 18.00–20.00 | 0.01–0.25 |
Hardness (HV) | Yield Strength (N/mm2) | Tensile Strength (N/mm2) | Elongation (%) |
---|---|---|---|
>169 | >275 | >550 | >35 |
Type of Electrode | Dimensions of Electrode (mm) | Welding Current (kA) | Welding Time (ms) | Welding Pressure (kN) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ordinary circular electrode | Ф 5 (upper) + Ф 34 (lower) | 5.5–6.5 | 100–160 | 3.0–4.0 |
Rectangular terminal electrode | 5 × 18 (upper) + Ф 34 (lower) | 13.5–17.5 | 60–180 | 6.5–8.5 |
Welding Current (kA) | Welding Time (ms) | Welding Pressure (kN) |
---|---|---|
13.5 | 60 | 6.5 |
14 | 80 | 7 |
14.5 | 100 | 7.5 |
15 | 120 | 8 |
15.5 | 140 | 8.5 |
16 | 160 | |
16.5 | 180 | |
17 | ||
17.5 |
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Zhang, X.; Wei, L.; Xu, G.; Wang, C. Connection Status Research of the Resistance Spot Welding Joint Based on a Rectangular Terminal Electrode. Metals 2019, 9, 659. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9060659
Zhang X, Wei L, Xu G, Wang C. Connection Status Research of the Resistance Spot Welding Joint Based on a Rectangular Terminal Electrode. Metals. 2019; 9(6):659. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9060659
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Xiaoqi, Lingbo Wei, Guocheng Xu, and Chunsheng Wang. 2019. "Connection Status Research of the Resistance Spot Welding Joint Based on a Rectangular Terminal Electrode" Metals 9, no. 6: 659. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9060659