Design Model of Rectangular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Stub Columns under Axial Compression
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Summary of the Test Database
- The columns considered must be tested under static axial compression loads.
- The columns must have square or rectangular single-skin cross-sections.
- The concrete core and the steel tube must be loaded simultaneously, as illustrated in Figure 1.
- The column specimens were checked to ensure that they can be classified as short columns according to the EC4 in which L/b ≤ 4; where L is the specimen length and b is the section width [22].
- Irrelevant CFST columns made of different materials such as stainless steel or aluminum were excluded.
- The columns should not have internal steel reinforcements, shear connectors, or any types of stiffeners, etc.
3. Formulations of Current Design Codes
3.1. ACI Approach
3.2. EC4 Approach
3.3. BS5400 Approach
3.4. DBJ13-51 Approach
3.5. Limitations of Current Design Codes
3.6. Comparative Studies
4. New Design Models
4.1. The First Proposal to Modify the Existing Design Formulas
- The equations must epitomize the experimental data as much as possible.
- The expressions have to be similar to the existing expressions provided by the standards.
- The formulae should be as simple as possible.
Comparative Studies
4.2. The Second Proposal to Modify the Existing Design Formulas
Comparative Studies
5. Conclusions
- Despite the considerable number of experimental tests on CFST stub columns, it was found that fewer tests were performed on columns made using high-strength materials. In addition, the tests on large-scale columns were very limited and the majority of these tests were focused on CFST stub columns with small cross-sections.
- All four codes provided a conservative prediction of CFST stub columns. The Chinese Standard (DBJ13-51) approach gave the most reliable mean value of the predicted load-carrying capacity to experimental results, while the best scatter was achieved by the ACI approach.
- Better predictions have been generally achieved using the first modified equations of the CFST load-carrying capacity than that of the original four codes. The modified formula based on the BS5400 approach gave the most precise results. However, it was found that the first proposed equations mainly provide accurate predictions for small sectional capacities, while the scattering of the results increases with the increase in section resistance.
- To improve the scatter of the results, other proposed equations were introduced. It was found that this second proposed approach can provide the most precise results compared to the existing and the first proposed formulas, especially the equation derived from the BS5400 code with a coefficient of variation (COV) of 0.1371.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Specimen Database
No | Name of Specimens | b (mm) | h (mm) | t (mm) | fy (MPa) | f′c (MPa) | L (mm) | Nu (KN) | Tested by |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 142.1 | 142.1 | 3.02 | 255.1 | 49.2 | 426.3 | 1360 | Zhang et al., 2005 [16] |
2 | 2 | 142.1 | 142.1 | 3.02 | 255.1 | 49.2 | 426.3 | 1400 | |
3 | 3 | 143.1 | 143.1 | 3.02 | 255.1 | 49.2 | 429.3 | 1150 | |
4 | 4 | 101.3 | 101.3 | 4.97 | 347.3 | 54.2 | 303.9 | 1310 | |
5 | 5 | 103.6 | 103.6 | 4.9 | 347.3 | 54.2 | 310.8 | 1340 | |
6 | 6 | 102 | 102 | 4.97 | 347.3 | 54.2 | 306 | 1370 | |
7 | 7 | 142 | 142 | 5.11 | 347.3 | 54.2 | 426 | 2160 | |
8 | 8 | 142 | 142 | 5.08 | 347.3 | 54.2 | 426 | 2250 | |
9 | 9 | 141.4 | 141.4 | 5.07 | 347.3 | 54.2 | 424.2 | 2280 | |
10 | 10 | 141.5 | 141.5 | 3.08 | 255.1 | 66.2 | 424.5 | 1920 | |
11 | 11 | 142.4 | 142.4 | 3.05 | 255.1 | 66.2 | 427.2 | 2060 | |
12 | 12 | 141.6 | 141.6 | 3.04 | 255.1 | 66.2 | 424.8 | 1960 | |
13 | 13 | 103.5 | 103.5 | 5.01 | 347.3 | 66.2 | 310.5 | 1500 | |
14 | 14 | 102.1 | 102.1 | 4.97 | 347.3 | 66.2 | 306.3 | 1330 | |
15 | 15 | 101.9 | 101.9 | 5.03 | 347.3 | 66.2 | 305.7 | 1440 | |
16 | 16 | 142.3 | 142.3 | 5.09 | 347.3 | 66.2 | 426.9 | 2520 | |
17 | 17 | 142.4 | 142.4 | 5.1 | 347.3 | 66.2 | 427.2 | 2610 | |
18 | 18 | 139.1 | 139.1 | 5.06 | 347.3 | 66.2 | 417.3 | 1700 | |
19 | 20 | 126.2 | 161 | 2.98 | 255.1 | 54.2 | 483 | 1580 | |
20 | 21 | 126 | 160.3 | 2.92 | 255.1 | 54.2 | 480.9 | 1560 | |
21 | 28 | 101.6 | 130.3 | 5.03 | 347.3 | 54.2 | 390.9 | 1580 | |
22 | 29 | 102.3 | 130.3 | 5.14 | 347.3 | 54.2 | 390.9 | 1600 | |
23 | 30 | 102.3 | 130.3 | 5.14 | 347.3 | 54.2 | 390.9 | 1640 | |
24 | 31 | 136 | 167.4 | 5.13 | 347.3 | 54.2 | 502.2 | 2510 | |
25 | 32 | 135.3 | 170.8 | 5.07 | 347.3 | 54.2 | 512.4 | 2470 | |
26 | 35 | 125.1 | 160.4 | 2.85 | 255.1 | 66.2 | 481.2 | 1855 | |
27 | 36 | 125.6 | 160 | 2.88 | 255.1 | 66.2 | 480 | 2030 | |
28 | 37 | 125 | 161.1 | 2.81 | 255.1 | 66.2 | 483.3 | 2040 | |
29 | 41 | 102.7 | 125.7 | 5.15 | 347.3 | 66.2 | 377.1 | 1840 | |
30 | 42 | 120.4 | 130 | 5.03 | 347.3 | 66.2 | 390 | 1820 | |
31 | 43 | 120.7 | 132.3 | 4.98 | 347.3 | 66.2 | 396.9 | 1725 | |
32 | 47 | 137.1 | 167.9 | 5.1 | 347.3 | 66.2 | 503.7 | 2600 | |
33 | 48 | 133.2 | 172.7 | 5.08 | 347.3 | 66.2 | 518.1 | 2700 | |
34 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 2.86 | 386.3 | 34 | 200 | 950 | Shakir-Khalil and Zeghiche, 1989 [20] |
35 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 5 | 386.3 | 30.7 | 200 | 900 | |
36 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 5 | 384.7 | 30.7 | 200 | 910 | |
37 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 5 | 384.7 | 34 | 200 | 900 | |
38 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 5 | 343.3 | 33.2 | 200 | 900 | |
39 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 5 | 343.3 | 34.8 | 200 | 920 | |
40 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 5 | 357.5 | 34 | 200 | 902 | |
41 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 5 | 357.5 | 32 | 200 | 900 | Shakir-Khalil and Mouli, 1990 [21] |
42 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 5 | 341 | 32.8 | 200 | 920 | |
43 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 5 | 341 | 35.8 | 200 | 950 | |
44 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 5 | 362.5 | 32.7 | 200 | 955 | |
45 | 120 × 80 × 5 | 80 | 120 | 5 | 362.5 | 31.4 | 200 | 1370 | |
46 | 150 × 100 × 5 | 100 | 150 | 5 | 346.7 | 35.6 | 100 | 1210 | |
47 | 150 × 100 × 5 | 100 | 150 | 5 | 346.7 | 35.6 | 200 | 1340 | |
48 | 150 × 100 × 5 | 100 | 150 | 5 | 346.7 | 35.8 | 100 | 1200 | |
49 | 150 × 100 × 5 | 100 | 150 | 5 | 346.7 | 35.8 | 200 | 1300 | |
50 | 150 × 100 × 5 | 100 | 150 | 5 | 340 | 36.1 | 100 | 1190 | |
51 | 150 × 100 × 5 | 100 | 150 | 5 | 340 | 36.1 | 200 | 1320 | |
52 | 150 × 100 × 5 | 100 | 150 | 5 | 340 | 36.6 | 100 | 1200 | |
53 | CR4-A-2 | 148 | 148 | 4.38 | 262 | 25.4 | 200 | 1153 | Sakino, 2004 [18] |
54 | CR4-A-4-1 | 148 | 148 | 4.38 | 262 | 40.5 | 200 | 1414 | |
55 | CR4-A-4-2 | 148 | 148 | 4.38 | 262 | 40.5 | 200 | 1402 | |
56 | CR4-A-8 | 148 | 148 | 4.38 | 262 | 77 | 200 | 2108 | |
57 | CR4-C-2 | 215 | 215 | 4.38 | 262 | 25.4 | 200 | 1777 | |
58 | CR4-C-4-1 | 215 | 215 | 4.38 | 262 | 41.1 | 200 | 2424 | |
59 | CR4-C-4-2 | 215 | 215 | 4.38 | 262 | 41.1 | 200 | 2393 | |
60 | CR4-C-8 | 215 | 215 | 4.38 | 262 | 80.3 | 200 | 3837 | |
61 | CR4-D-2 | 323 | 323 | 4.38 | 262 | 25.4 | 200 | 3367 | |
62 | CR4-D-4-1 | 323 | 323 | 4.38 | 262 | 41.1 | 200 | 4950 | |
63 | CR4-D-4-2 | 323 | 323 | 4.38 | 262 | 41.1 | 200 | 4830 | |
64 | CR4-D-8 | 324 | 324 | 4.38 | 262 | 80.3 | 200 | 7481 | |
65 | CR6-A-2 | 144 | 144 | 6.36 | 618 | 25.4 | 200 | 2572 | |
66 | CR6-A-4-1 | 144 | 144 | 6.36 | 618 | 40.5 | 200 | 2808 | |
67 | CR6-A-4-2 | 144 | 144 | 6.36 | 618 | 40.5 | 200 | 2765 | |
68 | CR6-A-8 | 144 | 144 | 6.36 | 618 | 77 | 200 | 3399 | |
69 | CR6-C-2 | 211 | 211 | 6.36 | 618 | 25.4 | 200 | 3920 | |
70 | CR6-C-4-1 | 211 | 211 | 6.36 | 618 | 40.5 | 200 | 4428 | |
71 | CR6-C-4-2 | 211 | 211 | 6.36 | 618 | 40.5 | 200 | 4484 | |
72 | CR6-C-8 | 211 | 211 | 6.36 | 618 | 77 | 200 | 5758 | |
73 | CR6-D-2 | 319 | 319 | 6.36 | 618 | 25.4 | 200 | 6320 | |
74 | CR6-D-4-1 | 319 | 319 | 6.36 | 618 | 41.1 | 200 | 7780 | |
75 | CR6-D-4-2 | 318 | 318 | 6.36 | 618 | 41.1 | 200 | 7473 | |
76 | CR6-D-8 | 319 | 319 | 6.36 | 618 | 85.1 | 200 | 10357 | |
77 | CR8-A-2 | 120 | 120 | 6.47 | 835 | 25.4 | 200 | 2819 | |
78 | CR8-A-4-1 | 120 | 120 | 6.47 | 835 | 40.5 | 200 | 2957 | |
79 | CR8-A-4-2 | 120 | 120 | 6.47 | 835 | 40.5 | 200 | 2961 | |
80 | CR8-A-8 | 119 | 119 | 6.47 | 835 | 77 | 200 | 3318 | |
81 | CR8-C-2 | 175 | 175 | 6.47 | 835 | 25.4 | 200 | 4210 | |
82 | CR8-C-4-1 | 175 | 175 | 6.47 | 835 | 40.5 | 200 | 4493 | |
83 | CR8-C-4-2 | 175 | 175 | 6.47 | 835 | 40.5 | 200 | 4542 | |
84 | CR8-C-8 | 175 | 175 | 6.47 | 835 | 77 | 200 | 5366 | |
85 | CR8-D-2 | 265 | 265 | 6.47 | 835 | 25.4 | 200 | 6546 | |
86 | CR8-D-4-1 | 264 | 264 | 6.47 | 835 | 41.1 | 200 | 7117 | |
87 | CR8-D-4-2 | 265 | 265 | 6.47 | 835 | 41.1 | 200 | 7172 | |
88 | CR8-D-8 | 265 | 265 | 6.47 | 835 | 80.3 | 200 | 8990 | |
89 | CR4-A-4-3 | 210 | 210 | 5.48 | 294 | 39.1 | 200 | 3183 | |
90 | CR4-A-9 | 211 | 211 | 5.48 | 294 | 91.1 | 200 | 4773 | |
91 | CR4-C-4-3 | 210 | 210 | 4.5 | 277 | 39.1 | 200 | 2713 | |
92 | CR4-C-9 | 211 | 211 | 4.5 | 277 | 91.1 | 200 | 4371 | |
93 | CR6-A-4-3 | 211 | 211 | 8.83 | 536 | 39.1 | 200 | 5898 | |
94 | CR6-A-9 | 211 | 211 | 8.83 | 536 | 91.1 | 200 | 7008 | |
95 | CR6-C-4-3 | 204 | 204 | 5.95 | 540 | 39.1 | 200 | 4026 | |
96 | CR6-C-9 | 204 | 204 | 5.95 | 540 | 91.1 | 200 | 5303 | |
97 | CR8-A-4-3 | 180 | 180 | 9.45 | 825 | 39.1 | 200 | 6803 | |
98 | CR8-A-9 | 180 | 180 | 9.45 | 825 | 91.1 | 200 | 7402 | |
99 | CR8-C-4-3 | 180 | 180 | 6.6 | 824 | 39.1 | 200 | 5028 | |
100 | CR8-C-9 | 180 | 180 | 6.6 | 824 | 91.1 | 200 | 5873 | |
101 | 1 | 160 | 160 | 3.46 | 363 | 64.8 | 200 | 2011 | Wang, 2014 [19] |
102 | 2 | 160 | 160 | 3.46 | 363 | 64.8 | 200 | 2333 | |
103 | 3 | 160 | 160 | 3.46 | 363 | 44.4 | 200 | 1784 | |
104 | 4 | 160 | 160 | 3.46 | 363 | 44.4 | 200 | 1812 | |
105 | 5 | 160 | 160 | 5.43 | 353 | 64.8 | 200 | 2751 | |
106 | 6 | 160 | 160 | 5.43 | 353 | 64.8 | 200 | 2791 | |
107 | DF3 | 114.3 | 114.3 | 9.63 | 258 | 32.6 | 406 | 2442 | Neogi and Chapman, 1969 [34] |
108 | DF4 | 114.9 | 114.9 | 4.39 | 258 | 32.6 | 406 | 897 | |
109 | scdz1-2 | 120 | 120 | 3.84 | 330.1 | 16.7 | 360 | 882 | Wei and Han, 2000 [35] |
110 | scdz1-3 | 120 | 120 | 3.84 | 330.1 | 16.7 | 360 | 921.2 | |
111 | scdz1-4 | 120 | 120 | 3.84 | 330.1 | 26.4 | 360 | 1080 | |
112 | scdz1-5 | 120 | 120 | 3.84 | 330.1 | 28.2 | 360 | 1078 | |
113 | scdz2-3 | 140 | 140 | 3.84 | 330.1 | 29.3 | 420 | 1499.4 | |
114 | scdz2-4 | 140 | 140 | 3.84 | 330.1 | 29.3 | 420 | 1470 | |
115 | scdz3-1 | 120 | 120 | 5.86 | 321.1 | 16.1 | 360 | 1176 | |
116 | scdz3-2 | 120 | 120 | 5.86 | 321.1 | 16.1 | 360 | 1117.2 | |
117 | scdz3-4 | 120 | 120 | 5.86 | 321.1 | 28.2 | 360 | 1460.2 | |
118 | scdz3-5 | 120 | 120 | 5.86 | 321.1 | 28.2 | 360 | 1372 | |
119 | scdz4-3 | 140 | 140 | 5.86 | 321.1 | 29.3 | 420 | 2009 | |
120 | scdz4-4 | 140 | 140 | 5.86 | 321.1 | 29.3 | 420 | 1906.1 | |
121 | 2fp3-1 | 100 | 100 | 2 | 284.6 | 32.4 | 400 | 588 | Zhang and Zhou, 2000 [36] |
122 | 2fp3-6 | 100 | 100 | 2 | 284.6 | 32.4 | 400 | 656.6 | |
123 | 2fp3-22 | 100 | 100 | 2 | 284.6 | 32.4 | 400 | 745 | |
124 | 2fp4-10 | 100 | 100 | 2 | 284.6 | 32.4 | 400 | 705.6 | |
125 | 2fp4-14 | 100 | 100 | 2 | 284.6 | 32.4 | 400 | 666.4 | |
126 | 2fp4-16 | 100 | 100 | 2 | 284.6 | 32.4 | 400 | 696 | |
127 | 2fp4-23 | 100 | 100 | 2 | 284.6 | 32.4 | 400 | 725 | |
128 | 2fp4-24 | 100 | 100 | 2 | 284.6 | 32.4 | 400 | 745 | |
129 | 3fp3-25 | 100 | 100 | 3 | 288.2 | 32.4 | 400 | 852 | |
130 | 3fp3-36 | 100 | 100 | 3 | 288.2 | 32.4 | 400 | 892 | |
131 | 3fp3-8 | 100 | 100 | 3 | 288.2 | 32.4 | 400 | 882 | |
132 | 3fp3-26 | 100 | 100 | 3 | 288.2 | 32.4 | 400 | 931 | |
133 | 3fp3-5 | 100 | 100 | 3 | 288.2 | 32.4 | 400 | 882 | |
134 | 3fp4-11 | 100 | 100 | 3 | 288.2 | 32.4 | 400 | 891 | |
135 | 3fp4-17 | 100 | 100 | 3 | 288.2 | 32.4 | 400 | 833 | |
136 | 3fp4-20 | 100 | 100 | 3 | 288.2 | 32.4 | 400 | 872 | |
137 | 5fp3-4 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 403.4 | 32.4 | 400 | 1195 | |
138 | 5fp3-27 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 403.4 | 32.4 | 400 | 1068 | |
139 | 5fp3-28 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 403.4 | 32.4 | 400 | 1294 | |
140 | 5fp3-35 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 403.4 | 32.4 | 400 | 1274 | |
141 | 5fp3-29 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 403.4 | 32.4 | 400 | 1313 | |
142 | 5fp4-13 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 403.4 | 32.4 | 400 | 1294 | |
143 | 5fp4-18 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 403.4 | 32.4 | 400 | 1244.6 | |
144 | 5fp4-21 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 403.4 | 32.4 | 400 | 1323 | |
145 | 5fp4-30 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 403.4 | 32.4 | 400 | 1313 | |
146 | 5fp4-31 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 403.4 | 32.4 | 400 | 1274 | |
147 | 5fp4-32 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 403.4 | 32.4 | 400 | 1244.6 | |
148 | 4fp3-7 | 100 | 100 | 4 | 239.8 | 32.4 | 400 | 1019 | |
149 | 4fp3-9 | 100 | 100 | 4 | 239.8 | 32.4 | 400 | 980 | |
150 | 4fp3-2 | 100 | 100 | 4 | 239.8 | 32.4 | 400 | 882 | |
151 | 4fp3-33 | 100 | 100 | 4 | 239.8 | 32.4 | 400 | 901.6 | |
152 | 4fp3-34 | 100 | 100 | 4 | 239.8 | 32.4 | 400 | 980 | |
153 | 4fp4-15 | 100 | 100 | 4 | 239.8 | 32.4 | 400 | 1000 | |
154 | 4fp4-19 | 100 | 100 | 4 | 239.8 | 32.4 | 400 | 970 | |
155 | 4fp4-35 | 100 | 100 | 4 | 239.8 | 32.4 | 400 | 921.2 | |
156 | 4fp4-36 | 100 | 100 | 4 | 239.8 | 32.4 | 400 | 960.4 | |
157 | 1A | 100 | 100 | 2.29 | 194.2 | 32 | 300 | 497.4 | Tomii and Sakino, 1979 [37] |
158 | 1B | 100 | 100 | 2.29 | 194.2 | 32 | 300 | 498 | |
159 | 2A | 100 | 100 | 2.2 | 339.4 | 21.4 | 300 | 511 | |
160 | 2B | 100 | 100 | 2.2 | 339.4 | 21.4 | 300 | 510 | |
161 | 4A | 100 | 100 | 2.99 | 288.4 | 20.6 | 300 | 529 | |
162 | 3B | 100 | 100 | 2.99 | 288.4 | 20.6 | 300 | 528 | |
163 | 4A | 100 | 100 | 4.25 | 284.5 | 19.8 | 300 | 667 | |
164 | 4B | 100 | 100 | 4.25 | 284.5 | 19.8 | 300 | 666 | |
165 | 27 | 250 | 250 | 8 | 379 | 33 | 500 | 4870 | Grauers M, 1993 [38] |
166 | 28 | 250 | 250 | 8 | 379 | 91 | 500 | 8300 | |
167 | CR4A2 | 148 | 148 | 4.38 | 262 | 25.4 | 444 | 1153 | Inai and Sakino, 1996 [39] |
168 | CR4A4.1 | 148 | 148 | 4.38 | 262 | 40.5 | 444 | 1414 | |
169 | CR4A4.2 | 148 | 148 | 4.38 | 262 | 40.5 | 444 | 1402 | |
170 | CR4A8 | 148 | 148 | 4.38 | 262 | 77 | 444 | 2108 | |
171 | CR4C2 | 215 | 215 | 4.38 | 262 | 25.4 | 645 | 1777 | |
172 | CR4C4.1 | 215 | 215 | 4.38 | 262 | 41.1 | 645 | 2424 | |
173 | CR4C4.2 | 215 | 215 | 4.38 | 262 | 41.1 | 645 | 2393 | |
174 | CR4C8 | 215 | 215 | 4.38 | 262 | 80.3 | 645 | 3837 | |
175 | CR4D2 | 323 | 323 | 4.38 | 262 | 25.4 | 969 | 3367 | |
176 | CR4D4.1 | 323 | 323 | 4.38 | 262 | 41.1 | 969 | 5950 | |
177 | CR4D4.2 | 323 | 323 | 4.38 | 262 | 41.1 | 969 | 4830 | |
178 | CR4D8 | 323 | 323 | 4.38 | 262 | 80.3 | 969 | 7481 | |
179 | CR6A2 | 144 | 144 | 6.36 | 618 | 25.4 | 432 | 2572 | |
180 | CR6A4.1 | 144 | 144 | 6.36 | 618 | 40.5 | 432 | 2808 | |
181 | CR6A4.2 | 144 | 144 | 6.36 | 618 | 40.5 | 432 | 2765 | |
182 | CR6A8 | 144 | 144 | 6.36 | 618 | 77 | 432 | 3399 | |
183 | CR6C2 | 211 | 211 | 6.36 | 618 | 25.4 | 633 | 3920 | |
184 | CR6C4.1 | 211 | 211 | 6.36 | 618 | 40.5 | 633 | 4428 | |
185 | CR6C4.2 | 211 | 211 | 6.36 | 618 | 40.5 | 633 | 4484 | |
186 | CR6C8 | 211 | 211 | 6.36 | 618 | 77 | 633 | 5758 | |
187 | CR6D2 | 319 | 319 | 6.36 | 618 | 25.4 | 957 | 6320 | |
188 | CR6D4.1 | 319 | 319 | 6.36 | 618 | 41.1 | 957 | 7780 | |
189 | CR6D4.2 | 318 | 318 | 6.36 | 618 | 41.1 | 954 | 7473 | |
190 | CR6D8 | 319 | 319 | 6.36 | 618 | 85.1 | 957 | 10357 | |
191 | CR8A2 | 120 | 120 | 6.36 | 618 | 25.4 | 360 | 2819 | |
192 | CR8A4.1 | 120 | 120 | 6.47 | 835 | 40.5 | 360 | 2957 | |
193 | CR8A4.2 | 120 | 120 | 6.47 | 835 | 40.5 | 360 | 2961 | |
194 | CR8A8 | 120 | 120 | 6.47 | 835 | 77 | 360 | 3318 | |
195 | CR8C2 | 175 | 175 | 6.47 | 835 | 25.4 | 525 | 4210 | |
196 | CR8C4.1 | 175 | 175 | 6.47 | 835 | 40.5 | 525 | 4493 | |
197 | CR8C4.2 | 175 | 175 | 6.47 | 835 | 40.5 | 525 | 4542 | |
198 | CR8C8 | 175 | 175 | 6.47 | 835 | 77 | 525 | 5366 | |
199 | CR8D2 | 265 | 265 | 6.47 | 835 | 25.4 | 795 | 6546 | |
200 | CR8D4.1 | 265 | 265 | 6.47 | 835 | 41.1 | 795 | 7117 | |
201 | CR8D4.2 | 265 | 265 | 6.47 | 835 | 41.1 | 795 | 7172 | |
202 | CR8D8 | 265 | 265 | 6.47 | 835 | 80.3 | 795 | 8990 | |
203 | CR4A4.3 | 210 | 210 | 5.48 | 294 | 39.1 | 630 | 3184 | |
204 | CR4A9 | 211 | 211 | 5.48 | 294 | 91.1 | 633 | 4775 | |
205 | CR4C4.3 | 210 | 210 | 4.5 | 277 | 39.1 | 630 | 2714 | |
206 | CR4C9 | 211 | 211 | 4.5 | 277 | 91.1 | 633 | 4372 | |
207 | CR6A4.3 | 211 | 211 | 8.83 | 536 | 39.1 | 633 | 5900 | |
208 | CR6A9 | 211 | 211 | 8.83 | 536 | 91.1 | 633 | 7010 | |
209 | CR6C4.3 | 204 | 204 | 5.95 | 540 | 39.1 | 612 | 4027 | |
210 | CR6C9 | 204 | 204 | 5.95 | 540 | 91.1 | 612 | 5305 | |
211 | CR8A4.3 | 180 | 180 | 9.45 | 825 | 39.1 | 540 | 6805 | |
212 | CR8A9 | 180 | 180 | 9.45 | 825 | 91.1 | 540 | 7405 | |
213 | CR8C4.3 | 180 | 180 | 6.6 | 824 | 31.1 | 540 | 5030 | |
214 | CR8C9 | 180 | 180 | 6.6 | 824 | 91.1 | 540 | 5875 | |
215 | CR8-6-10 | 200 | 200 | 6.16 | 781 | 119 | 600 | 6645 | Nakahara and Sakino, 1998 [40] |
216 | CR8-3-10 | 200 | 200 | 3.17 | 781 | 119 | 600 | 4910 | |
217 | CR4-6-10 | 200 | 200 | 6.39 | 310 | 119 | 600 | 4965 | |
218 | CR4-3-10 | 200 | 200 | 3.09 | 310 | 119 | 600 | 3899 | |
219 | SC-32-80 | 305 | 305 | 8.9 | 560 | 110 | 1220 | 14116 | Varma, 2000 [41] |
220 | SC-48080 | 305 | 305 | 6.1 | 660 | 110 | 1220 | 12307 | |
221 | Sc-32-46 | 305 | 305 | 8.6 | 259 | 110 | 1220 | 11390 | |
222 | SC-48-46 | 305 | 305 | 5.8 | 471 | 110 | 1220 | 11568 | |
223 | 1 | 152.4 | 152.4 | 4.43 | 389 | 46.2 | 300 | 1906 | Lu and Kennedy, 1992 [42] |
224 | 2 | 152.4 | 152.4 | 8.95 | 432 | 45.4 | 300 | 3307 | |
225 | 3 | 152 | 153.4 | 6.17 | 377 | 43.6 | 300 | 3317 | |
226 | 4 | 152.2 | 153 | 9.04 | 394 | 47.2 | 300 | 4208 | |
227 | S10D-2A | 100.2 | 100.2 | 2.18 | 300 | 25.7 | 300 | 609 | Yamamoto et al., 2000 [43] |
228 | S20D-2A | 200.3 | 200.3 | 4.35 | 323 | 29.6 | 601 | 2230 | |
229 | S30D-2A | 300.5 | 300.5 | 6.1 | 395 | 26.5 | 902 | 5102 | |
230 | S10D-4A | 100.1 | 100.1 | 2.18 | 300 | 53.7 | 300 | 851 | |
231 | S20D-4A | 200.1 | 200.1 | 4.35 | 323 | 57.9 | 601 | 3201 | |
232 | S30D-4A | 300.7 | 300.7 | 6.1 | 395 | 52.2 | 902 | 6494 | |
233 | S10D-6A | 100.1 | 100.1 | 2.18 | 300 | 61 | 300 | 911 | |
234 | S20D-6A | 200.3 | 200.3 | 4.35 | 323 | 63.7 | 601 | 3417 | |
235 | 1 rc1-1 | 100 | 100 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 300 | 760 | Han and Yao, 2002 [44] |
236 | 2 rc1-2 | 100 | 100 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 300 | 800 | |
237 | 3 rc2-1 | 120 | 120 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 360 | 992 | |
238 | 4 rc2-2 | 120 | 120 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 360 | 1050 | |
239 | 5 rc3-1 | 100 | 110 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 330 | 844 | |
240 | 6 rc3-2 | 100 | 110 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 330 | 860 | |
241 | 7 rc4-1 | 135 | 150 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 450 | 1420 | |
242 | 8 rc4-2 | 135 | 150 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 450 | 1340 | |
243 | 9 rc5-1 | 70 | 90 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 270 | 554 | |
244 | 10 rc5-2 | 70 | 90 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 270 | 576 | |
245 | 11 rc6-1 | 75 | 100 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 300 | 640 | |
246 | 12 rc6-2 | 75 | 100 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 300 | 672 | |
247 | 13 rc7-1 | 90 | 120 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 360 | 800 | |
248 | 14 rc7-2 | 90 | 120 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 360 | 760 | |
249 | 15 rc8-1 | 105 | 140 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 420 | 1044 | |
250 | 16 rc8-2 | 105 | 140 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 420 | 1086 | |
251 | 17 rc9-1 | 115 | 150 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 450 | 1251 | |
252 | 18 rc9-2 | 115 | 150 | 2.86 | 228 | 47.44 | 450 | 1218 | |
253 | 19 rc10-1 | 120 | 160 | 7.6 | 194 | 47.44 | 480 | 1820 | |
254 | 20 rc10-2 | 120 | 160 | 7.6 | 194 | 47.44 | 480 | 1770 | |
255 | S3 | 100.7 | 100.7 | 9.6 | 400 | 24.64 | 301 | 1550 | Lam and Williams, 2004 [45] |
256 | S4 | 101 | 101 | 9.6 | 400 | 74.88 | 300 | 2000 | |
257 | S5 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 4.9 | 289 | 24.64 | 301 | 800 | |
258 | S6 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 4.9 | 300 | 74.88 | 300 | 900 | |
259 | S7 | 100.1 | 100.1 | 4.2 | 333 | 27.76 | 301 | 700 | |
260 | S8 | 100 | 100 | 4.2 | 333 | 27.76 | 302 | 680 | |
261 | S9 | 100 | 100 | 4.1 | 333 | 77.76 | 299 | 1130 | |
262 | S10-g | 100 | 100 | 4.1 | 333 | 77.76 | 300 | 970 | |
263 | S12 | 100 | 100 | 4.1 | 333 | 46.08 | 301 | 880 | |
264 | S13-g | 99.9 | 99.9 | 4 | 333 | 46.08 | 301 | 830 | |
265 | S14 | 101 | 101 | 9.6 | 400 | 46.08 | 302 | 1800 | |
266 | S15-g | 99.8 | 99.8 | 4.8 | 289 | 25.52 | 302 | 780 | |
267 | S16 | 99.7 | 99.7 | 4.7 | 289 | 46.56 | 301 | 1000 | |
268 | S17-g | 99.7 | 99.7 | 4.73 | 289 | 79.12 | 302 | 1050 | |
269 | S18 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 4.1 | 333 | 79.12 | 301 | 1130 | |
270 | sssc-1 | 200 | 200 | 3 | 303.5 | 46.8 | 600 | 2458 | Han and Yao, 2004 [46] |
271 | sssc-2 | 200 | 200 | 3 | 303.5 | 46.8 | 601 | 2594 | |
272 | ssh-1 | 200 | 200 | 3 | 303.5 | 46.8 | 602 | 2306 | |
273 | ssh-2 | 200 | 200 | 3 | 303.5 | 46.8 | 603 | 2284 | |
274 | ssv-1 | 200 | 200 | 3 | 303.5 | 46.8 | 604 | 2550 | |
275 | ssv-2 | 200 | 200 | 3 | 303.5 | 46.8 | 605 | 2587 | |
276 | 1 | 199 | 199 | 1.8 | 192.4 | 27.7 | 796 | 1403 | Zhang Z-G, 1984 [47] |
277 | 2 | 197 | 197 | 1.55 | 192.4 | 27.7 | 797 | 1413 | |
278 | 3 | 199 | 199 | 1.5 | 192.4 | 27.7 | 798 | 1362 | |
279 | 4 | 199 | 199 | 1.63 | 192.4 | 25.4 | 798 | 1163 | |
280 | 5 | 198 | 198 | 1.66 | 192.4 | 25.6 | 794 | 1310 | |
281 | 6 | 199 | 199 | 1.68 | 192.4 | 25.6 | 796 | 1110 | |
282 | 7 | 199 | 199 | 1.91 | 246.7 | 27.6 | 792 | 1360 | |
283 | 8 | 199 | 199 | 1.86 | 246.7 | 27.6 | 797 | 1417 | |
284 | 9 | 199 | 199 | 1.62 | 246.7 | 27.6 | 798 | 1360 | |
285 | 10 | 198 | 198 | 1.72 | 246.7 | 25.7 | 797 | 1210 | |
286 | 11 | 199 | 199 | 1.69 | 246.7 | 25.7 | 797 | 1160 | |
287 | 12 | 199 | 199 | 1.66 | 246.7 | 25.8 | 796 | 1065 | |
288 | 13 | 150 | 150 | 1.52 | 246.7 | 37.1 | 595 | 905 | |
289 | 14 | 149 | 149 | 1.47 | 246.7 | 37.4 | 596 | 1000 | |
290 | 15 | 150 | 150 | 1.6 | 246.7 | 37.4 | 598 | 950 | |
291 | 16 | 148 | 148 | 1.57 | 246.7 | 25.8 | 598 | 660 | |
292 | 17 | 149 | 149 | 1.64 | 246.7 | 25.9 | 595 | 710 | |
293 | 18 | 200 | 200 | 2.93 | 256.4 | 27.6 | 793 | 1764 | |
294 | 19 | 201 | 201 | 2.92 | 256.4 | 27.6 | 796 | 1760 | |
295 | 20 | 198 | 198 | 2.92 | 256.4 | 27.6 | 797 | 1760 | |
296 | 21 | 199 | 199 | 2.91 | 256.4 | 25.8 | 793 | 1546 | |
297 | 22 | 200 | 200 | 2.93 | 256.4 | 25.9 | 792 | 1560 | |
298 | 23 | 200 | 200 | 3.93 | 256.4 | 25.9 | 794 | 1509 | |
299 | 24 | 199 | 199 | 3.99 | 279 | 36.2 | 796 | 2100 | |
300 | 25 | 200 | 200 | 3.96 | 279 | 36.4 | 796 | 2100 | |
301 | 26 | 200 | 200 | 4.93 | 294 | 36 | 796 | 2439 | |
302 | 27 | 200 | 200 | 4.92 | 294 | 36 | 796 | 2465 | |
303 | 28 | 149 | 149 | 3.91 | 279 | 37 | 598 | 1300 | |
304 | 29 | 149 | 149 | 3.96 | 279 | 37 | 598 | 1340 | |
305 | 30 | 149 | 149 | 3.94 | 279 | 37 | 597 | 1350 | |
306 | 31 | 198 | 198 | 5.66 | 234.7 | 35.9 | 796 | 2330 | |
307 | 32 | 198 | 198 | 5.96 | 234.7 | 36 | 797 | 2800 | |
308 | 33 | 198 | 198 | 5.69 | 234.7 | 36.5 | 796 | 2190 | |
309 | 34 | 150 | 150 | 4.93 | 294.9 | 36.9 | 595 | 1645 | |
310 | 35 | 150 | 150 | 4.95 | 294.9 | 36.9 | 594 | 1630 | |
311 | 36 | 150 | 150 | 4.96 | 294.9 | 36.9 | 595 | 1650 | |
312 | 37 | 199 | 199 | 7.83 | 238.3 | 35.7 | 797 | 2700 | |
313 | 38 | 200 | 200 | 7.8 | 238.3 | 35.7 | 796 | 2590 | |
314 | 39 | 99 | 99 | 4.9 | 294.9 | 37.1 | 398 | 960 | |
315 | 40 | 99 | 99 | 4.92 | 294.9 | 37.4 | 397 | 980 | |
316 | 41 | 99 | 99 | 4.86 | 294.9 | 37.9 | 399 | 900 | |
317 | 42 | 149 | 149 | 7.67 | 238.3 | 36.6 | 596 | 1845 | |
318 | 43 | 149 | 149 | 7.67 | 238.3 | 36.6 | 596 | 1850 | |
319 | 44 | 149 | 149 | 7.58 | 238.3 | 36.6 | 598 | 1750 | |
320 | 45 | 98 | 98 | 5.74 | 234.7 | 37.9 | 399 | 950 | |
321 | 46 | 99 | 99 | 5.84 | 234.7 | 37.9 | 398 | 950 | |
322 | 47 | 99 | 99 | 5.85 | 234.7 | 38 | 395 | 850 | |
323 | 48 | 99 | 99 | 7.72 | 238.3 | 38 | 396 | 1100 | |
324 | 49 | 100 | 100 | 7.78 | 238.3 | 38 | 398 | 1050 | |
325 | 50 | 99 | 99 | 7.82 | 238.3 | 38 | 397 | 1000 | |
326 | 1 | 200 | 200 | 5 | 227 | 24 | 600 | 2061 | Lu et al., 1999 [48] |
327 | 2 | 200 | 200 | 5 | 227 | 28.8 | 600 | 2530 | |
328 | 3 | 200 | 200 | 5 | 227 | 36.8 | 600 | 2468 | |
329 | 4 | 300 | 300 | 5 | 227 | 24 | 900 | 3621 | |
330 | 5 | 300 | 300 | 5 | 227 | 28.8 | 900 | 4603 | |
331 | 6 | 300 | 300 | 5 | 227 | 36.8 | 900 | 4872 | |
332 | S-80-F-1 | 80.2 | 80.2 | 1.6 | 279.9 | 32.9 | 240 | 353 | Guo Lanhui, 2006 [49] |
333 | S-80-F-2 | 80.9 | 80.9 | 1.6 | 279.9 | 32.9 | 240 | 347 | |
334 | S-110-F-1 | 110 | 110 | 1.5 | 279.9 | 32.9 | 330 | 510 | |
335 | S-110-F-2 | 109.8 | 109.8 | 1.5 | 279.9 | 32.9 | 330 | 522 | |
336 | S-150-F-1 | 149.3 | 149.3 | 3.6 | 279.9 | 41.8 | 450 | 1771 | |
337 | S-150-F-2 | 149.3 | 149.3 | 3.6 | 279.9 | 41.8 | 450 | 1785 | |
338 | A1 | 120 | 120 | 5.8 | 300 | 74.7 | 360 | 1697 | Liu and Gho, 2005 [50] |
339 | A2 | 120 | 120 | 5.8 | 300 | 92 | 360 | 1919 | |
340 | 1A3-1 | 200 | 200 | 5.8 | 300 | 74.7 | 600 | 3996 | |
341 | 1A3-2 | 200 | 200 | 5.8 | 300 | 74.7 | 600 | 3862 | |
342 | 1A4-1 | 100 | 130 | 5.8 | 300 | 74.7 | 390 | 1601 | |
343 | 1A4-2 | 100 | 130 | 5.8 | 300 | 74.7 | 390 | 1566 | |
344 | 1A5-1 | 100 | 130 | 5.8 | 300 | 92 | 390 | 1854 | |
345 | 1A5-2 | 100 | 130 | 5.8 | 300 | 92 | 390 | 1779 | |
346 | 1A6-1 | 170 | 220 | 5.8 | 300 | 74.7 | 660 | 3684 | |
347 | 1A6-2 | 170 | 220 | 5.8 | 300 | 74.7 | 660 | 3717 | |
348 | 1A9-1 | 120 | 120 | 4 | 495 | 56 | 360 | 1739 | |
349 | 1A9-2 | 120 | 120 | 4 | 495 | 56 | 360 | 1718 | |
350 | 1A12-1 | 130 | 130 | 4 | 495 | 56 | 390 | 1963 | |
351 | 1A12-2 | 130 | 130 | 4 | 495 | 56 | 390 | 1988 | |
352 | C1-1 | 98.2 | 100.3 | 4.18 | 550 | 56.6 | 300 | 1490 | Liu et al., 2003 [51] |
353 | C1-2 | 100.6 | 101.5 | 4.18 | 550 | 56.6 | 300 | 1535 | |
354 | C2-1 | 101.1 | 101.2 | 4.18 | 550 | 65.7 | 300 | 1740 | |
355 | C2-2 | 100.4 | 100.7 | 4.18 | 550 | 65.7 | 300 | 1775 | |
356 | C3 | 181.2 | 182.8 | 4.18 | 550 | 56.6 | 540 | 3590 | |
357 | C4 | 180.4 | 181.8 | 4.18 | 550 | 65.7 | 540 | 4210 | |
358 | R1-1 | 120 | 120 | 4 | 495 | 58.4 | 360 | 1701 | Liu, 2005 [52] |
359 | R1-2 | 120 | 120 | 4 | 495 | 58.4 | 360 | 1657 | |
360 | R4-1 | 130 | 130 | 4 | 495 | 58.4 | 390 | 2020 | |
361 | R4-2 | 130 | 130 | 4 | 495 | 58.4 | 390 | 2018 | |
362 | R7-1 | 108 | 108 | 4 | 495 | 77.6 | 320 | 1749 | |
363 | R7-2 | 108 | 108 | 4 | 495 | 77.6 | 320 | 1824 | |
364 | R10-1 | 140 | 140 | 4 | 495 | 77.6 | 420 | 2752 | |
365 | R10-2 | 140 | 140 | 4 | 495 | 77.6 | 420 | 2828 | |
366 | R11-1 | 125 | 160 | 4 | 495 | 77.6 | 480 | 2580 | |
367 | R11-2 | 125 | 160 | 4 | 495 | 77.6 | 480 | 2674 | |
368 | 43 | 101.3 | 101.3 | 4.97 | 347.3 | 49.4 | 300 | 1310 | Ye Zaili, 2001 [53] |
369 | 45 | 103.6 | 103.6 | 4.9 | 347.3 | 49.4 | 300 | 1340 | |
370 | 46 | 102 | 102 | 4.97 | 347.3 | 49.4 | 300 | 1370 | |
371 | 23 | 142 | 142 | 5.11 | 347.3 | 49.4 | 420 | 2160 | |
372 | 27 | 142 | 142 | 5.08 | 347.3 | 49.4 | 420 | 2250 | |
373 | 29 | 141.4 | 141.4 | 5.07 | 347.3 | 49.4 | 420 | 2280 | |
374 | 96 | 142.1 | 142.1 | 3.02 | 255.1 | 44.9 | 420 | 1360 | |
375 | 97 | 142.1 | 142.1 | 3.02 | 255.1 | 44.9 | 420 | 1400 | |
376 | 69 | 142.1 | 142.1 | 2.01 | 305.1 | 44.9 | 420 | 1328 | |
377 | 70 | 142.1 | 142.1 | 2.01 | 305.1 | 44.9 | 420 | 1364 | |
378 | 71 | 140.9 | 140.9 | 2.02 | 305.1 | 44.9 | 420 | 1280 | |
379 | 105 | 103.5 | 103.5 | 5.01 | 347.3 | 58.6 | 300 | 1500 | |
380 | 106 | 102.1 | 102.1 | 4.97 | 347.3 | 58.6 | 300 | 1330 | |
381 | 113 | 101.9 | 101.9 | 5.03 | 347.3 | 58.6 | 300 | 1440 | |
382 | 161 | 142.3 | 142.3 | 5.09 | 347.3 | 58.6 | 420 | 2520 | |
383 | 162 | 142.4 | 142.4 | 5.1 | 347.3 | 58.6 | 420 | 2610 | |
384 | 130 | 143.2 | 143.2 | 2.03 | 305.1 | 58.6 | 420 | 1990 | |
385 | 133 | 142.3 | 142.3 | 2.01 | 305.1 | 58.6 | 420 | 1855 | |
386 | 156 | 140.5 | 140.5 | 2 | 305.1 | 58.6 | 420 | 1780 | |
387 | 127 | 141.5 | 141.5 | 3.08 | 255.1 | 58.6 | 420 | 1920 | |
388 | 134 | 142.4 | 142.4 | 3.05 | 255.1 | 58.6 | 420 | 2060 | |
389 | 129 | 141.6 | 141.6 | 3.04 | 255.1 | 58.6 | 420 | 1960 | |
390 | 159 | 149.1 | 149.1 | 5.06 | 347.3 | 58.6 | 420 | 1700 | |
391 | 93 | 143.1 | 143.1 | 3.02 | 255.1 | 44.9 | 420 | 1150 | |
392 | 22 | 101.6 | 130.3 | 5.03 | 347.3 | 49.4 | 390 | 1580 | |
393 | 38 | 102.3 | 130.3 | 5.14 | 347.3 | 49.4 | 390 | 1600 | |
394 | 39 | 102.3 | 130.3 | 5.14 | 347.3 | 49.4 | 390 | 1640 | |
395 | 85 | 120.2 | 166.3 | 2.94 | 255.1 | 49.4 | 480 | 1580 | |
396 | 86 | 126.2 | 161 | 2.98 | 255.1 | 49.4 | 480 | 1580 | |
397 | 88 | 126 | 160.3 | 2.92 | 255.1 | 49.4 | 480 | 1560 | |
398 | 4 | 136.1 | 167.4 | 5.13 | 347.3 | 49.4 | 480 | 2510 | |
399 | 5 | 135.3 | 170.8 | 5.07 | 347.3 | 49.4 | 510 | 2470 | |
400 | 136 | 102.7 | 125.7 | 5.15 | 347.3 | 58.6 | 390 | 1840 | |
401 | 150 | 120.4 | 130 | 5.03 | 347.3 | 58.6 | 390 | 1820 | |
402 | 151 | 102.7 | 132.3 | 4.98 | 347.3 | 58.6 | 390 | 1725 | |
403 | 160 | 122.5 | 157.1 | 2.01 | 305.1 | 58.6 | 480 | 1800 | |
404 | 163 | 119 | 161.9 | 2 | 305.1 | 58.6 | 480 | 1740 | |
405 | 135 | 125.1 | 160.4 | 2.85 | 255.1 | 58.6 | 480 | 1855 | |
406 | 137 | 125.6 | 160 | 2.88 | 255.1 | 58.6 | 480 | 2030 | |
407 | 152 | 125 | 161.1 | 2.81 | 255.1 | 58.6 | 480 | 2040 | |
408 | 153 | 137.1 | 167.9 | 5.1 | 347.3 | 58.6 | 480 | 2600 | |
409 | 154 | 133.2 | 172.7 | 5.08 | 347.3 | 58.6 | 480 | 2700 | |
410 | 60 | 122.7 | 160.2 | 2.03 | 305.1 | 49.4 | 480 | 1400 | |
411 | 62 | 119.4 | 160.1 | 2.01 | 305.1 | 49.4 | 480 | 1420 | |
412 | 65 | 124.3 | 161.5 | 2 | 305.1 | 49.4 | 480 | 1320 | |
413 | S-150-F-1 | 149.3 | 149.3 | 3.63 | 283.6 | 31.7 | 448 | 1771 | Guo et al., 2006 [54] |
414 | S-150-F-2 | 149.3 | 149.3 | 3.63 | 283.6 | 31.7 | 448 | 1785 | |
415 | S-150-CF-1 o | 149.1 | 149.1 | 3.69 | 283.6 | 31.7 | 448 | 1409 | |
416 | S-150-CF-2 o | 149 | 149 | 3.59 | 283.6 | 31.7 | 448 | 1370 | |
417 | S-150-C-1 c | 148.6 | 148.6 | 3.67 | 283.6 | 31.7 | 448 | 1433 | |
418 | S-150-C-2 c | 149.4 | 149.4 | 3.64 | 283.6 | 31.7 | 448 | 1399 | |
419 | S-120-P2 s | 120 | 120 | 2.65 | 340 | 21.9 | 360 | 778 |
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Mean | SD | COV | |
---|---|---|---|
ACI | 0.867 | 0.129 | 0.1488 |
BS | 1.04 | 0.165 | 0.1587 |
EC4 | 0.938 | 0.141 | 0.1503 |
DJ | 0.972 | 0.142 | 0.1461 |
ACI first proposal | 0.872 | 0.129 | 0.1479 |
BS5400 first proposal | 0.999 | 0.153 | 0.1532 |
EC4 first proposal | 0.947 | 0.14 | 0.1478 |
DBJ13-51 first proposal | 0.976 | 0.142 | 0.1455 |
ACI second proposal | 0.94 | 0.129 | 0.1372 |
BS5400 second proposal | 0.999 | 0.137 | 0.1371 |
EC4 second proposal | 0.992 | 0.134 | 0.1351 |
DBJ13-51 second proposal | 0.991 | 0.142 | 0.1433 |
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Alatshan, F.; Osman, S.A.; Altlomate, A.; Alkair, M.; Hamid, R.; Mashiri, F. Design Model of Rectangular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Stub Columns under Axial Compression. Buildings 2023, 13, 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010128
Alatshan F, Osman SA, Altlomate A, Alkair M, Hamid R, Mashiri F. Design Model of Rectangular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Stub Columns under Axial Compression. Buildings. 2023; 13(1):128. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010128
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlatshan, Faesal, Siti Aminah Osman, Abdelmajeed Altlomate, Mohammed Alkair, Roszilah Hamid, and Fidelis Mashiri. 2023. "Design Model of Rectangular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Stub Columns under Axial Compression" Buildings 13, no. 1: 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010128