Investigation on the Bearing Performance of a Single Pile in Shallow Reinforced Soft Soil Foundation under Horizontal Load
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Finite Element Model Establishment
2.1. Model Design
- (1)
- Soil around the Pile
- (2)
- Pile
2.2. Simulation Groups
- (1)
- Variation in Reinforcement Width
- (2)
- Variation in Reinforcement Depth
2.3. Element Selection and Material Definition
2.4. Meshing
2.5. Contact Definition and Boundary Conditions
2.6. Load Application and Control
2.7. Validation of Finite Element Simulation
3. Results and Analysis
3.1. The Influence of Reinforcement Width
- (1)
- Pile Bending Moment
- (2)
- Pile Displacement
- (3)
- Pile Horizontal Bearing Capacity
3.2. The Impact of Reinforcement Depth
- (1)
- Pile Bending Moment
- (2)
- Pile Displacement
- (3)
- Displacement Gradient
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The comparison between the simulation carried out in this paper and the field test on the capacities of a single pile in shallow reinforcement soil showed good coincide, with a minimum relative error of 5.53%, a maximum error of 15.05%, and an average error of 9.35%. The simulation method proposed in this paper is suitable for analyzing the coupling bearing mechanism of piles in soft soil considering shallow reinforcement.
- (2)
- Increasing the reinforcement width can significantly improve the bearing capacity of the pile foundation, and as the reinforcement width increases, the reinforcement effect will become better and better. Compared with the unreinforced case, the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile is increased by 83.0%, 104.3%, and 224.4%, respectively, corresponding to a reinforcement width of 2 times, 3 times, or 4 times the dimeter of the pile respectively. With the increase of the reinforcement width, the bending moment and deformation of the pile under the same horizontal load decrease significantly, while also having no significant effect on the location of the maximum bending moment of the pile.
- (3)
- The bearing capacity of the pile foundation gradually increases with the increase of the reinforcement depth. However, unlike the reinforcement width, the effect of increasing the reinforcement depth on improving the bearing capacity of the pile is gradually weakening, and it can be considered that there is an optimal reinforcement depth of 1.5D. Compared with the unreinforced situation, when the reinforcement depth is 0.5 times, 1.0 times, 1.5 times, 2.0 times, and 2.5 times the pile diameter, the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile body is increased by 224.4%, 361.3%, 456.8%, 477.71%, and 485.2%, respectively.
- (4)
- As the reinforcement depth increases, the increase in bearing capacity does not increase linearly, but gradually decreases. This indicates that simply increasing the reinforcement depth to improve the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile requires a comprehensive consideration of the reinforcement purpose and economy. Blindly carrying out deep soil reinforcement without comprehensive evaluation is not advisable.
- (5)
- Due to space limitations, this article did not consider the combined effect of vertical and horizontal loads in the simulation analysis. Whether this has a significant impact on the relevant conclusions requires further research to confirm. In addition, further specialized research is needed to determine whether the conclusions of this article are applicable to piles with more aspect ratios and soil material properties.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Notation | L/m | D/m | Dcem/m | Lcem/m |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.3 |
2 | 3 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 0.3 |
3 | 3 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 0.3 |
4 | 3 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 0.6 |
5 | 3 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 0.6 |
Notation | L/m | D/m | Dcem/m | Lcem/m |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 0.3 |
2 | 3 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 0.6 |
3 | 3 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 0.3 |
4 | 3 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 0.6 |
5 | 3 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 0.9 |
6 | 3 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 1.2 |
7 | 3 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 1.5 |
Soil Mass | C/kPa | φ/° | μ | E/MPa | ρ/(g/cm3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mucky moft soil | 10.9 | 17.2 | 0.35 | 3.77 | 1.75 |
Silt | 2.5 | 30.8 | 0.3 | 8.71 | 1.93 |
Cement-stabilized soil | 346 | 38.3 | 0.2 | 130 | 1.76 |
Pile | / | / | 0.2 | 22,000 | 2.50 |
Notation | Dcem/D | Lcem/D | Hult/kN | Relative Error/% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Experimental Data | Analog Data | ||||
1 | 0 | 0 | 80 | 88.26 | 10.32 |
2 | 2 | 0.5 | 140 | 150.87 | 7.76 |
3 | 3 | 0.5 | 160 | 170.43 | 6.52 |
4 | 3 | 1 | 220 | 186.90 | 15.05 |
5 | 4 | 1 | 250 | 225.14 | 9.94 |
6 | 4 | 1.5 | 250 | 236.17 | 5.53 |
7 | 0 | 0 | 80 | 88.26 | 10.32 |
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Bai, G.; Zhang, H.; Wang, B.; Chen, F.; Zhao, J.; Shu, Q. Investigation on the Bearing Performance of a Single Pile in Shallow Reinforced Soft Soil Foundation under Horizontal Load. Buildings 2024, 14, 3166. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14103166
Bai G, Zhang H, Wang B, Chen F, Zhao J, Shu Q. Investigation on the Bearing Performance of a Single Pile in Shallow Reinforced Soft Soil Foundation under Horizontal Load. Buildings. 2024; 14(10):3166. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14103166
Chicago/Turabian StyleBai, Guanglin, Hong Zhang, Bo Wang, Feng Chen, Jiahao Zhao, and Qianjin Shu. 2024. "Investigation on the Bearing Performance of a Single Pile in Shallow Reinforced Soft Soil Foundation under Horizontal Load" Buildings 14, no. 10: 3166. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14103166