Timing, Initiators, and Causes of Divorce in a Mayangna/Miskito Community in Nicaragua
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Existing Literature on Predictors, Outcomes, and Initiators of Divorce
1.1.1. Predictors and Causes of Divorce
1.1.2. Child Outcomes of Divorce
1.1.3. Adult Outcomes of Divorce
1.1.4. Who Initiates Divorce
1.2. Marriage and Divorce in a Behavioral Ecology Perspective
1.2.1. Defining Marriage and Divorce
1.2.2. Evolution of Marriage
1.2.3. Why Divorce?
1.3. Study Population: The Mayangna/Miskito Horticulturalists of Nicaragua
1.3.1. History and Structure
1.3.2. Marriage and Family
1.4. Research Questions and Hypotheses
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Marriage and Divorce Interviews
2.2. Reproductive History Interviews
2.3. Calculation of Years of Marriage
2.4. Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Community Ages of First Marriage and First Birth
3.2. Timing and Predictors of Divorce
3.3. Causes of Divorce
3.4. Initiators of Divorce
3.5. Costs of Divorce
4. Discussion
Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N | Mean | St. Dev | Range | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Individuals | ||||
Women | ||||
Age | 56 | 32.61 | 12.27 | 18–72 |
Number of marriages | 56 | 1.69 | 1.13 | 1–5 |
Men | ||||
Age | 53 | 38.43 | 13.84 | 19–76 |
Number of marriages | 53 | 2.30 | 1.13 | 1–8 |
Marriages | ||||
Length (All) | 175 | 7.37 | 9.51 | 1–58 |
Length (Ongoing) | 63 | 15.00 | 11.88 | 1–58 |
Length (Ended in Death) | 4 | 8.50 | 9.26 | 1–20 |
Length (Ended in Divorce) | 108 | 2.88 | 2.89 | 1–20 |
B | 95% CI | |
---|---|---|
Intercept | −0.52 | (−2.06, 1.06) |
Husband Age at Marriage | −0.01 | (−0.06, 0.04) |
Wife Age at Marriage | −0.02 | (−0.10, 0.04) |
Number of Dependents | −0.22 | (−0.4, −0.05) |
Year in Marriage | −0.11 | (−0.25, 0.05) |
Cause of Divorce | Women | Men | p (Fisher Exact) |
---|---|---|---|
Partner behavior | 16 (38.1%) | 12 (17.9) | 0.025 |
No respect/don’t get along | 10 (23.8) | 11 (16.4) | 0.455 |
Partner abuse | 6 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.003 |
Partner alcohol/drug abuse | 5 (11.9) | 1 (1.5) | 0.030 |
Partner laziness | 4 (9.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0.020 |
Infidelity & Jealousy | 6 (14.3%) | 24 (35.8) | 0.016 |
Partner infidelity | 2 (4.8) | 14 (20.9) | 0.025 |
Own infidelity | 0 (0.0) | 4 (6.0) | 0.158 |
Partner jealousy | 4 (9.5) | 8 (11.9) | 0.764 |
Circumstance | 7 (16.7) | 13 (19.4) | 0.803 |
Location disagreement | 6 (14.3) | 4 (6.0) | 0.179 |
Don’t get along with in-laws | 1 (2.4) | 3 (4.5) | 1.00 |
War | 0 (0.0) | 6 (9.0) | 0.080 |
Not wanting marriage | 7 (16.7) | 13 (19.4) | 0.803 |
Partner left to marry other | 2 (4.8) | 2 (3.0) | 0.638 |
Partner wanted someone else/didn’t want current marriage | 5 (7.1) | 10 (14.9) | 0.779 |
Women | Men | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Scenario | % Likely to Divorce | Scenario | % Likely to Divorce |
1 | Partner alcoholism | 59.6% | Partner infidelity | 76.2% |
2 | Partner lazy | 56.1 | Partner alcoholism | 75.6 |
3 | Partner abusive | 54.4 | Don’t get along | 66.7 |
4 | Don’t get along | 52.6 | Partner lazy | 59.5 |
5 | Partner infidelity | 32.8 | Partner abusive | 47.6 |
6 | Don’t get along with in-laws | 31.6 | Don’t get along with in-laws | 42.9 |
7 | Partner sterile | 29.8 | Partner sterile | 35.7 |
8 | Not in love | 28.3 | Not in love | 30.6 |
Wife Wanted More | Husband Wanted More | Both Wanted Equally | |
---|---|---|---|
Female respondents | 19 (54%) | 13 (37) | 3 (9) |
Male respondents | 28 (47) | 19 (32) | 12 (20) |
B | 95% CI | |
---|---|---|
Intercept | 1.23 | (−0.68, 3.22) |
Wife’s Age at Divorce | −0.03 | (−0.13, 0.06) |
Number of Dependents | −0.31 | (−0.60, −0.04) |
B | 95% CI | |
---|---|---|
Intercept | −1.16 | (−2.38, −0.07) |
Gender = Woman | 0.49 | (−0.11, 1.07) |
Age | −0.01 | (−0.06, 0.05) |
Number of Dependents | 0.15 | (−0.01, 0.30) |
Other Partner Wanted | −0.40 | (−0.94, 0.14) |
Hypothesis | Result |
---|---|
H1.Marriages will be less likely to end in divorce when there are more dependent children in the household, controlling for the length of marriage. | Supported |
H2.Marriages will be more likely to end in divorce when individuals are younger. | Not supported |
H3.Men will be more likely to divorce due to partner infidelity. | Supported |
H4.Women will be more likely to divorce due to a lack of partner investment. | Tentatively supported Women were more likely to divorce due to partner “laziness”. |
H5.Women will be more likely to divorce due to partner abuse. | Supported |
H6.Women are more likely to initiate divorce. | Supported |
H7.Women’s greater likelihood to initiate divorce will be mitigated as women age and the number of children increases. | Tentatively supported Women’s likelihood of initiating divorce decreases with the number of children but not age. |
H8.Participants will report that women suffer more from divorce. | Supported |
H9.The time to remarriage will be longer for divorced women than divorced men. | Tentatively supported The effect was in the predicted direction, but weak. |
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Winking, J.; Koster, J. Timing, Initiators, and Causes of Divorce in a Mayangna/Miskito Community in Nicaragua. Soc. Sci. 2021, 10, 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10060212
Winking J, Koster J. Timing, Initiators, and Causes of Divorce in a Mayangna/Miskito Community in Nicaragua. Social Sciences. 2021; 10(6):212. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10060212
Chicago/Turabian StyleWinking, Jeffrey, and Jeremy Koster. 2021. "Timing, Initiators, and Causes of Divorce in a Mayangna/Miskito Community in Nicaragua" Social Sciences 10, no. 6: 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10060212
APA StyleWinking, J., & Koster, J. (2021). Timing, Initiators, and Causes of Divorce in a Mayangna/Miskito Community in Nicaragua. Social Sciences, 10(6), 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10060212