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Open AccessArticle
Filamentous Fungi Associated with Disease Symptoms in Non-Native Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) in Germany—A Gateway for Alien Fungal Pathogens?
by
Gitta Jutta Langer
Gitta Jutta Langer *,
Steffen Bien
Steffen Bien and
Johanna Bußkamp
Johanna Bußkamp
Department of Forest Protection, Northwest German Forest Research Institute (NW-FVA), Grätzelstraße 2, D37079 Goettingen, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pathogens 2024, 13(9), 715; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13090715 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 19 June 2024
/
Revised: 31 July 2024
/
Accepted: 15 August 2024
/
Published: 23 August 2024
Abstract
Filamentous fungi associated with disease symptoms in non-native giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) in Germany were investigated in ten cases of disease in Northwest Germany. During the study period from 2018 to 2023, a total of 81 species of Dikaria were isolated from woody tissue and needles of giant sequoia and morphotyped. Morphotypes were assigned to species designations based on ITS-sequence comparison and, in part, multi-locus phylogenetic analyses. Nine species were recognised as new reports for Germany or on giant sequoia: Amycosphaerella africana, Botryosphaeria parva, Coniochaeta acaciae, C. velutina, Muriformistrickeria rubi, Pestalotiopsis australis, P. monochaeta, Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis, and Rhizosphaera minteri. The threat posed to giant sequoia and other forest trees in Germany by certain, especially newly reported, fungal species is being discussed. The detection of a considerable number of new fungal records in the trees studied suggests that giant sequoia cultivation may be a gateway for alien fungal species in Germany.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Langer, G.J.; Bien, S.; Bußkamp, J.
Filamentous Fungi Associated with Disease Symptoms in Non-Native Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) in Germany—A Gateway for Alien Fungal Pathogens? Pathogens 2024, 13, 715.
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13090715
AMA Style
Langer GJ, Bien S, Bußkamp J.
Filamentous Fungi Associated with Disease Symptoms in Non-Native Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) in Germany—A Gateway for Alien Fungal Pathogens? Pathogens. 2024; 13(9):715.
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13090715
Chicago/Turabian Style
Langer, Gitta Jutta, Steffen Bien, and Johanna Bußkamp.
2024. "Filamentous Fungi Associated with Disease Symptoms in Non-Native Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) in Germany—A Gateway for Alien Fungal Pathogens?" Pathogens 13, no. 9: 715.
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13090715
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