Fervidobacterium pennivorans subsp. keratinolyticus subsp. nov., a Novel Feather-Degrading Anaerobic Thermophile
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sampling and Cultivation
2.2. Microscopy
2.3. Physiological Characterization
2.4. 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis
2.5. Genome Sequencing and Phylogenomics
2.6. Keratinase Activity Test
3. Results
3.1. Microscopy and Morphology
3.2. Phylogenetic Identification
3.3. Physiology
3.4. Feather Degradation
3.5. Genome Characteristics and Phylogenomics
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | F. pennivorans subsp. keratinolyticus T | F. pennivorans DSM9078 | F. thailandense FC2004 | F. nodosum Rt17-B1 | F. islandicum H21 | F. gondwanense AB39 | F. changbaicum CBS-1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Isolation Source | Tajikistan | Azores Islands, Portugal | Thailand | New Zealand | Iceland | Geothermal artesian basin, Australia | China |
Cell Size (µm) | 0.5 × 2–20 | 0.5 × 2–20 | 0.5–0.6 × 1.1–30 | 0.5–0.55 × 1–2.5 | 0.6 × 1–4 | 0.5–0.6 × 4–40 | 0.5–0.6 × 1–8 |
Temperature Range (°C) Optimum | 55–75 | 50–80 | 60–88 | 47–80 | 50–80 | >45 to <80 | 55–90 |
65 | 70 | 78–80 | 70 | 65 | 65–68 | 75–80 | |
pH Range Optimum | 6.5–7.5 | 5.5–8.0 | 6.0–8.5 | 6.0–8.0 | 6.0–8.0 | 6.0–8.0 | 6.3–8.5 |
6.5 | 6.5 | 7.5–8 | 7 | 7.2 | 7 | 7.5 | |
NaCl Range (g/L) Optimum | 0–30 | 0–40 | 0–5 | <10 | <10 | 0–6 | 0–10 |
3 | 4 | 0–1.0 | ≤1 (NR) | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
Generation Time (min) | 150 | 126 | 85 | 105 | 150 | 79 | 99 |
Utilization of | |||||||
Glucose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Sucrose | slow | + | + | + | + | slow | + |
Lactose | + | − | − | + | − | + | + |
Arabinose | − | − | − | slow | + | − | − |
Galactose | + | + | − | + | + | slow | + |
Mannose | slow | + | − | + | + | + | − |
Sorbitol | + | slow | − | + | + | − | + |
Mannitol | − | slow | − | slow | − | slow | − |
Starch | slow | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Cellulose | + | − | − | − | + | − | − |
Peptone | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Feather Hydrolysis | + | + | + | − | − | − | − |
DNA G + C Content (mol%) | 39 | 38.9 | 45.8 | 33.7 | 41 | 35 | 31.9 |
F. pennivorans T | F. pennivorans DSM9078 | F. pennivorans DYC | F. islandicum AW-1 | F. thailandense FC2004 | F. nodosum Rt17-B1 | F. changbaicum CBS-1 | F. gondwanense 13020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Country of Origin | Tajikistan | Portugal (Azores) | New Zealand | Indonesia | Thailand | New Zealand | China | Australia |
Year of Isolation | 2021 | 1999 | 2016 | 2004 | 2016 | 1985 | 2007 | 1996 |
Genome Size (bps) | 2,002,515 | 2,166,381 | 2,061,852 | 2,237,377 | 2,040,210 | 1,948,941 | 2,266,449 | 2,145,239 |
N° CDS with Protein | 1875 | 1973 | 1893 | 2055 | 1870 | 1796 | 2038 | 1975 |
N° RNAs | 57 | 57 | 58 | 56 | 54 | 58 | 57 | 54 |
N° rRNAs (23S-16S-5S) | 2 Feburary 2002 | 3, 1, 2 | 2, 2, 2 | 2, 2, 2 | 1, 3, 1 | 2, 2, 2 | 2, 2, 2 | 1, 3, 1 |
% GC | 39 | 38.9 | 38.9 | 40.7 | 45.8 | 3 | 40.7 | 39.7 |
CRISPR Clusters | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
NCBI Accession Number | CP050868 | CP003260.1 | CP011393.1 | CP014334.2 | NZ_LWAF00000000.1 | CP000771.1 | NZ_CP026721.1 | NZ_FRDJ00000000.1 |
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Javier-Lopez, R.; Mandolini, E.; Dzhuraeva, M.; Bobodzhanova, K.; Birkeland, N.-K. Fervidobacterium pennivorans subsp. keratinolyticus subsp. nov., a Novel Feather-Degrading Anaerobic Thermophile. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11010022
Javier-Lopez R, Mandolini E, Dzhuraeva M, Bobodzhanova K, Birkeland N-K. Fervidobacterium pennivorans subsp. keratinolyticus subsp. nov., a Novel Feather-Degrading Anaerobic Thermophile. Microorganisms. 2023; 11(1):22. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11010022
Chicago/Turabian StyleJavier-Lopez, Rubén, Edoardo Mandolini, Munavvara Dzhuraeva, Khursheda Bobodzhanova, and Nils-Kåre Birkeland. 2023. "Fervidobacterium pennivorans subsp. keratinolyticus subsp. nov., a Novel Feather-Degrading Anaerobic Thermophile" Microorganisms 11, no. 1: 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11010022
APA StyleJavier-Lopez, R., Mandolini, E., Dzhuraeva, M., Bobodzhanova, K., & Birkeland, N. -K. (2023). Fervidobacterium pennivorans subsp. keratinolyticus subsp. nov., a Novel Feather-Degrading Anaerobic Thermophile. Microorganisms, 11(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11010022