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Microorganisms
Volume 11
Issue 9
10.3390/microorganisms11092179
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Review

Interferons—Implications in the Immune Response to Respiratory Viruses

by
Harrison C. Bergeron
,
Matthew R. Hansen
and
Ralph A. Tripp
*
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA 30605, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2023, 11(9), 2179; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092179
Submission received: 17 July 2023 / Revised: 15 August 2023 / Accepted: 28 August 2023 / Published: 29 August 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Respiratory Tract Infection in Children 2.0)
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Abstract

Interferons (IFN) are an assemblage of signaling proteins made and released by various host cells in response to stimuli, including viruses. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus, and SARS-CoV-2 are major causes of respiratory disease that induce or antagonize IFN responses depending on various factors. In this review, the role and function of type I, II, and III IFN responses to respiratory virus infections are considered. In addition, the role of the viral proteins in modifying anti-viral immunity is noted, as are the specific IFN responses that underly the correlates of immunity and protection from disease.
Keywords: respiratory syncytial virus; RSV; influenza; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; interferons; IFN; immunity respiratory syncytial virus; RSV; influenza; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; interferons; IFN; immunity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bergeron, H.C.; Hansen, M.R.; Tripp, R.A. Interferons—Implications in the Immune Response to Respiratory Viruses. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 2179. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092179

AMA Style

Bergeron HC, Hansen MR, Tripp RA. Interferons—Implications in the Immune Response to Respiratory Viruses. Microorganisms. 2023; 11(9):2179. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092179

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bergeron, Harrison C., Matthew R. Hansen, and Ralph A. Tripp. 2023. "Interferons—Implications in the Immune Response to Respiratory Viruses" Microorganisms 11, no. 9: 2179. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092179

APA Style

Bergeron, H. C., Hansen, M. R., & Tripp, R. A. (2023). Interferons—Implications in the Immune Response to Respiratory Viruses. Microorganisms, 11(9), 2179. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092179

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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