What Do We Know about Candida auris? State of the Art, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions

Garcia-Bustos, Victor; Cabanero-Navalon, Marta D.; Ruiz-Saurí, Amparo; Ruiz-Gaitán, Alba C.; Salavert, Miguel; Tormo, María Á.; Pemán, Javier

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9102177

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What Do We Know about Candida auris? State of the Art, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions

by

Victor Garcia-Bustos

^1,2,3,*,

Marta D. Cabanero-Navalon

^1,*,

Amparo Ruiz-Saurí

³,

Alba C. Ruiz-Gaitán

²

,

Miguel Salavert

^1,2,

María Á. Tormo

²

and

Javier Pemán

^2,4

¹

Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 56026 Valencia, Spain

²

Severe Infection Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain

³

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain

⁴

Department of Medical Microbiology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Microorganisms 2021, 9(10), 2177; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102177

Submission received: 20 September 2021 / Revised: 6 October 2021 / Accepted: 13 October 2021 / Published: 19 October 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis, Resistance and Treatment of Infections by Candida Species)

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Abstract

Candida auris has unprecedently emerged as a multidrug resistant fungal pathogen, considered a serious global threat due to its potential to cause nosocomial outbreaks and deep-seated infections with staggering transmissibility and mortality, that has put health authorities and institutions worldwide in check for more than a decade now. Due to its unique features not observed in other yeasts, it has been categorised as an urgent threat by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other international agencies. Moreover, epidemiological alerts have been released in view of the increase of healthcare-associated C. auris outbreaks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This review summarises the current evidence on C. auris since its first description, from virulence to treatment and outbreak control, and highlights the knowledge gaps and future directions for research efforts.

Keywords: Candida auris; candidaemia; virulence; pathogenesis; epidemiology; diagnosis; antifungal agents; outbreak

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MDPI and ACS Style

Garcia-Bustos, V.; Cabanero-Navalon, M.D.; Ruiz-Saurí, A.; Ruiz-Gaitán, A.C.; Salavert, M.; Tormo, M.Á.; Pemán, J. What Do We Know about Candida auris? State of the Art, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 2177. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102177

AMA Style

Garcia-Bustos V, Cabanero-Navalon MD, Ruiz-Saurí A, Ruiz-Gaitán AC, Salavert M, Tormo MÁ, Pemán J. What Do We Know about Candida auris? State of the Art, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(10):2177. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102177

Chicago/Turabian Style

Garcia-Bustos, Victor, Marta D. Cabanero-Navalon, Amparo Ruiz-Saurí, Alba C. Ruiz-Gaitán, Miguel Salavert, María Á. Tormo, and Javier Pemán. 2021. "What Do We Know about Candida auris? State of the Art, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions" Microorganisms 9, no. 10: 2177. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102177

APA Style

Garcia-Bustos, V., Cabanero-Navalon, M. D., Ruiz-Saurí, A., Ruiz-Gaitán, A. C., Salavert, M., Tormo, M. Á., & Pemán, J. (2021). What Do We Know about Candida auris? State of the Art, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions. Microorganisms, 9(10), 2177. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102177

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What Do We Know about Candida auris? State of the Art, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions

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