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Volume 9
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10.3390/microorganisms9112245
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Article

Serotypes in Adult Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Spain in the Era of Conjugate Vaccines

by
Lucía Fernández-Delgado
1,
Jordi Càmara
1,2,*,
Aida González-Díaz
1,2,
Immaculada Grau
2,3,
Hisashi Shoji
1,2,
Fe Tubau
1,2,
Sara Martí
1,2,
Mª Ángeles Domínguez
1,4,5,
Jordi Carratalà
3,4,
Jose Yuste
2,6 and
Carmen Ardanuy
1,2,5,*
1
Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-University of Barcelona-IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
2
CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28020 Madrid, Spain
3
Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-University of Barcelona-IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
4
Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
5
Departament of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
6
Pneumococcal Reference Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2021, 9(11), 2245; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112245
Submission received: 30 September 2021 / Revised: 20 October 2021 / Accepted: 21 October 2021 / Published: 28 October 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epidemiology of Pneumococci and Pneumococcal Diseases)
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Abstract

We studied changes in serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility in adult pneumococcal pneumonia in Spain (2011–2019). Among 895 pneumococci collected (433 bacteremic [BPP] and 462 non-bacteremic [non-BPP]), serotypes 3 (17%), 19A (10%), 8 (6.7%) and 11A (6.7%) were the most frequent. Serotypes 16F, 19A and 24F were associated with old people (≥65) and serotypes 4, 7F, 8, 12F and 19F to young adults. Serotypes 12F, 24F and 1 were significantly more frequent in BPP and serotypes 11A, 23A and 19F in non-BPP. Amoxicillin resistance was higher in non-BPP (17% vs. 11%) while penicillin non-susceptibility (37% vs. 24%) and macrolide resistance (29% vs. 14%) were higher in older adults. In the period 2017–2019, the vaccine coverages were: 32% (PCV13), 39% (PCV15), 65% (PCV20) and 69% (PPV23). Differences were found in serotype composition and antimicrobial resistance by age and type of infection. The maintenance of serotype 3 as a leading cause of adult pneumococcal pneumonia and the increase in highly invasive (serotype 8) or antimicrobial-resistant (serotype 11A) serotypes is worrisome. Further studies will be required to analyse the impact of the upcoming broader conjugate vaccines.
Keywords: Streptococcus pneumoniae; pneumonia; serotype; antimicrobial resistance; pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) Streptococcus pneumoniae; pneumonia; serotype; antimicrobial resistance; pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Fernández-Delgado, L.; Càmara, J.; González-Díaz, A.; Grau, I.; Shoji, H.; Tubau, F.; Martí, S.; Domínguez, M.Á.; Carratalà, J.; Yuste, J.; et al. Serotypes in Adult Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Spain in the Era of Conjugate Vaccines. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 2245. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112245

AMA Style

Fernández-Delgado L, Càmara J, González-Díaz A, Grau I, Shoji H, Tubau F, Martí S, Domínguez MÁ, Carratalà J, Yuste J, et al. Serotypes in Adult Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Spain in the Era of Conjugate Vaccines. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(11):2245. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112245

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fernández-Delgado, Lucía, Jordi Càmara, Aida González-Díaz, Immaculada Grau, Hisashi Shoji, Fe Tubau, Sara Martí, Mª Ángeles Domínguez, Jordi Carratalà, Jose Yuste, and et al. 2021. "Serotypes in Adult Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Spain in the Era of Conjugate Vaccines" Microorganisms 9, no. 11: 2245. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112245

APA Style

Fernández-Delgado, L., Càmara, J., González-Díaz, A., Grau, I., Shoji, H., Tubau, F., Martí, S., Domínguez, M. Á., Carratalà, J., Yuste, J., & Ardanuy, C. (2021). Serotypes in Adult Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Spain in the Era of Conjugate Vaccines. Microorganisms, 9(11), 2245. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112245

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