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Volume 9
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10.3390/microorganisms9040777
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Article

Safety Evaluation, Biogenic Amine Formation, and Enzymatic Activity Profiles of Autochthonous Enterocin-Producing Greek Cheese Isolates of the Enterococcus faecium/durans Group

by
Charikleia Tsanasidou
1,
Stamatia Asimakoula
2,
Nikoletta Sameli
1,
Christos Fanitsios
2,
Elpiniki Vandera
2,
Loulouda Bosnea
1,
Anna-Irini Koukkou
2 and
John Samelis
1,*
1
Dairy Research Department, General Directorate of Agricultural Research, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ‘DIMITRA’, Katsikas, 45221 Ioannina, Greece
2
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2021, 9(4), 777; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040777
Submission received: 9 March 2021 / Revised: 2 April 2021 / Accepted: 6 April 2021 / Published: 8 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Benefical Properties and Safety of Lactic Acid Bacteria)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Autochthonous single (Ent+) or multiple (m-Ent+) enterocin-producing strains of dairy enterococci show promise for use as bioprotective adjunct cultures in traditional cheese technologies, provided they possess no pathogenic traits. This study evaluated safety, decarboxylase activity, and enzymatic (API ZYM) activity profiles of nine Ent+ or m-Ent+ Greek cheese isolates previously assigned to four distinct E. faecium (represented by the isolates KE64 (entA), GL31 (entA), KE82 (entA-entB-entP) and KE77 (entA-entB-entP-bac31)) and two E. durans (represented by the isolates KE100 (entP) and KE108 (entP-bac31-cyl)) strain genotypes. No strain was β-hemolytic or harbored vanA and vanB or the virulence genes agg, ace, espA, IS16, hyl, or gelE. All strains were of moderate to high sensitivity to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, gentamicin, penicillin, tetracycline, and vancomycin, except for the E. faecium KE64 and KE82 strains, which were resistant to erythromycin and penicillin. All cheese strains showed moderate to strong esterase-lipase and aminopeptidase activities and formed tyramine, but none formed histamine in vitro. In conclusion, all Ent+ or m-Ent+ strain genotypes of the E. faecium/durans group, except for the cyl-positive E. durans KE108, were safe for use as adjunct cultures in traditional Greek cheeses. Further in situ biotechnological evaluations of the strains in real cheese-making trials are required.
Keywords: Enterococcus faecium; E. durans; enterocins A, B, P; virulence genes; antibiotic resistance; biogenic amines; cheese adjuncts; Graviera; Galotyri Enterococcus faecium; E. durans; enterocins A, B, P; virulence genes; antibiotic resistance; biogenic amines; cheese adjuncts; Graviera; Galotyri

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Tsanasidou, C.; Asimakoula, S.; Sameli, N.; Fanitsios, C.; Vandera, E.; Bosnea, L.; Koukkou, A.-I.; Samelis, J. Safety Evaluation, Biogenic Amine Formation, and Enzymatic Activity Profiles of Autochthonous Enterocin-Producing Greek Cheese Isolates of the Enterococcus faecium/durans Group. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 777. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040777

AMA Style

Tsanasidou C, Asimakoula S, Sameli N, Fanitsios C, Vandera E, Bosnea L, Koukkou A-I, Samelis J. Safety Evaluation, Biogenic Amine Formation, and Enzymatic Activity Profiles of Autochthonous Enterocin-Producing Greek Cheese Isolates of the Enterococcus faecium/durans Group. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(4):777. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040777

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tsanasidou, Charikleia, Stamatia Asimakoula, Nikoletta Sameli, Christos Fanitsios, Elpiniki Vandera, Loulouda Bosnea, Anna-Irini Koukkou, and John Samelis. 2021. "Safety Evaluation, Biogenic Amine Formation, and Enzymatic Activity Profiles of Autochthonous Enterocin-Producing Greek Cheese Isolates of the Enterococcus faecium/durans Group" Microorganisms 9, no. 4: 777. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040777

APA Style

Tsanasidou, C., Asimakoula, S., Sameli, N., Fanitsios, C., Vandera, E., Bosnea, L., Koukkou, A.-I., & Samelis, J. (2021). Safety Evaluation, Biogenic Amine Formation, and Enzymatic Activity Profiles of Autochthonous Enterocin-Producing Greek Cheese Isolates of the Enterococcus faecium/durans Group. Microorganisms, 9(4), 777. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040777

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