Non-Invasive versus Invasive Samples for Zika Virus Surveillance: A Comparative Study in New Caledonia and French Guiana in 2015–2016
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Collection and RNA Extraction
2.2. One Step RT-qPCR
2.3. Statistical Analysis
2.3.1. Probability of Detection
2.3.2. Signal Precocity
3. Results and Discussions
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patient Number | Days Since Onset of Symptoms/Clinical Signs | SERUM | URINE | SALIVA | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ZIKV (a) | ZIKV (b) | ZIKV (a) | ZIKV (b) | ZIKV (a) | ZIKV (b) | ||
NC-1A | 3 | 34.9 | 37.4 | - | - | 31.4 | 32.8 |
NC-2A | 4 | 37.6 | - | - | - | - | - |
NC-3A | 4 | 35.7 | - | 31.4 | 35.1 | 28.4 | 29.8 |
NC-4A | 3 | - | - | 30.7 | 33.4 | 32.6 | 32.6 |
NC-8A | 3 | - | - | 25.2 | 28.3 | - | - |
NC-9A | 3 | 35.7 | - | 33.0 | 36.2 | 30.9 | 32.3 |
NC-10A | 5 | - | - | 23.8 | 26 | 37.6 | - |
NC-11A | 5 | - | - | 34.1 | 36.6 | - | - |
NC-12A | 1 | 35.9 | - | 25.8 | 28.9 | 29.8 | 31.1 |
NC-13A | 2 | 33.8 | 37 | 34.4 | 35.8 | 31.3 | 34.3 |
NC-14A | 2 | - | - | 28.2 | 29.2 | 30.7 | 31.7 |
NC-15A | 4 | - | - | 32.0 | 33.7 | 37.6 | - |
NC-17A | 2 | - | - | 32.8 | 35.6 | 36.5 | - |
NC-19A | 1 | - | - | 29.7 | 30.6 | 28.3 | 29.4 |
NC-19B | 2 | - | - | 30.0 | 31.40 | 32.2 | 33.8 |
NC-21A | 1 | 31.2 | 34.7 | 37.2 | - | 29 | 31.4 |
NC-23A | 2 | - | - | 31.0 | 33.9 | 30.4 | 32.3 |
NC-23B | 6 | - | - | 30.9 | 32.9 | 37.7 | - |
NC-26A | 2 | 35.8 | - | 37.0 | - | 38 | - |
NC-26B | 6 | 37.4 | - | 37.9 | - | - | - |
GY-1A | 2 | 33.9 | 34.2 | - | - | - | - |
GY-1B | 3 | - | - | 32.0 | 32.4 | 36.7 | 37.6 |
GY-4A | 3 | - | - | 37.8 | 37.1 | - | - |
GY-5A | 4 | - | - | - | - | 32.2 | 33.2 |
GY-6A | 1 | - | - | 31.3 | 31.9 | - | - |
GY-8A | 6 | - | - | 34.2 | 34.5 | - | - |
Compared Samples | Cq Value Difference | p-Value |
---|---|---|
Serum-Saliva | −4.4 | 0.0095 |
Serum-Urine | −1.3 | 0.8998 |
Saliva-Urine | −1.8 | 0.4974 |
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Fraiture, M.-A.; Coucke, W.; Pol, M.; Rousset, D.; Gourinat, A.-C.; Biron, A.; Broeders, S.; Vandermassen, E.; Dupont-Rouzeyrol, M.; Roosens, N.H.C. Non-Invasive versus Invasive Samples for Zika Virus Surveillance: A Comparative Study in New Caledonia and French Guiana in 2015–2016. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 1312. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061312
Fraiture M-A, Coucke W, Pol M, Rousset D, Gourinat A-C, Biron A, Broeders S, Vandermassen E, Dupont-Rouzeyrol M, Roosens NHC. Non-Invasive versus Invasive Samples for Zika Virus Surveillance: A Comparative Study in New Caledonia and French Guiana in 2015–2016. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(6):1312. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061312
Chicago/Turabian StyleFraiture, Marie-Alice, Wim Coucke, Morgane Pol, Dominique Rousset, Ann-Claire Gourinat, Antoine Biron, Sylvia Broeders, Els Vandermassen, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, and Nancy H. C. Roosens. 2021. "Non-Invasive versus Invasive Samples for Zika Virus Surveillance: A Comparative Study in New Caledonia and French Guiana in 2015–2016" Microorganisms 9, no. 6: 1312. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061312