Molecular Characterization, Tissue Distribution and Differential Nutritional Regulation of Three n-3 LC-PUFA Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂)
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Fish and Sampling
2.2. Gene Cloning
2.2.1. Primers Design
2.2.2. RNA Extraction and cDNA Synthesis
2.2.3. RACE Amplification
2.2.4. Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis
2.3. Quantitative Real-Time PCR
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Gene Cloning and Sequence Analysis of elovl5, elovl8 and fads2
3.2. Multiple Sequence Alignment and Phylogenetic Analysis
3.3. Tissue Distribution of elovl5, elovl8 and fads2 mRNA Hybrid Grouper
3.4. Nutritional Regulation of Hybrid Grouper elovl5, elovl8 and fads2 Genes Expression
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Primer Name | Sequence (5′-3′) | Usage | TM | Expected Amplicon Size |
---|---|---|---|---|
Elovl5 F | ACCTTCTAATCGTGTGGATG | Partial sequence | 51.9 °C | 648 bp |
Elovl5 R | TGTGCTTCTTGTAAGTCTGA | Partial sequence | 51.3 °C | |
Elovl5 5F | AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT | 5’-RACE | 59 °C | 383 bp |
Elovl5 5R | TCCACTTCCTGTGCACTGTGAGTGTC | 5’-RACE | 62.8 °C | |
Elovl5 3F | CACACTCATCTTCCTCTTCTCAAACTT | 3’-RACE | 57.3 °C | 466 bp |
Elovl5 3R1 | CTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCAAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT | 3’-RACE | 68 °C | |
Elovl5 3R2 | CTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGC | 3’-RACE | 51.8 °C | |
Elovl8 F | ATGGCTGCTGGTCTACTC | Partial sequence | 53.3 °C | 677 bp |
Elovl8 R | AGTTACTGAAGAGGATGATGAG | Partial sequence | 51.4 °C | |
Elovl8 5F | AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT | 5’-RACE | 59 °C | 608 bp |
Elovl8 5R | GGTGCCGTGGTGGTAAACATGAAGG | 5’-RACE | 62.5 °C | |
Elovl8 3F | ATGCAGAAGTACCTGTGGTGGAAGAGA | 3’-RACE | 61.4 °C | 538 bp |
Elovl8 3R1 | CTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCAAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT | 3’-RACE | 68 °C | |
Elovl8 3R2 | CTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGC | 3’-RACE | 51.8 °C | |
Fads2 F | CACTACGCTGGAGAGGATG | Partial sequence | 55.2 °C | 608 bp |
Fads2 R | TGGTGTTGGTGATGATAGG | Partial sequence | 51.4 °C | |
Fads2 5F | AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT | 5’-RACE | 59 °C | 476 bp |
Fads2 5R | CTCCGTGGCATCCTCTCCAGCGTAGT | 5’-RACE | 65.6 °C | |
Fads2 3F | CATTTCCAGCATCACGCTAAACCCAAC | 3’-RACE | 60 °C | 1117 bp |
Fads2 3R1 | CTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCAAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT | 3’-RACE | 68 °C | |
Fads2 3R2 | CTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGC | 3’-RACE | 51.8 °C | |
elongation factor 1 alpha F | AGGGATGGAAGATTGAGCGC | Internal control | 57.2 °C | 74 bp |
elongation factor 1 alphaR | CGTACCGGGCTTCAGGATAC | Internal control | 57 °C | |
Elovl8 RT-F | CAGATGATCCAGTTCCACGTCA | qRT-PCR | 56.8 °C | 525 bp |
Elovl8 RT-R | GCGGTAGGTCTGGTAGTAGAAG | qRT-PCR | 56.1 °C | |
Elovl5 RT-F | CTACTGCCAGGACACTCACA | qRT-PCR | 56 °C | 415 bp |
Elovl5 RT-R | GAGGCGCCAAAGTATGAGTG | qRT-PCR | 56 °C | |
Fads2 RT-F | CCAGGTGGAGGCAGAAGAACA | qRT-PCR | 58.8 °C | 184 bp |
Fads2 RT-R | AGCCACTATGCTGGAGAGGATG | qRT-PCR | 58.2 °C | |
Elovl8 AF | AGCGTGCTCACTCACTTTTAACGG | ORF validation | 57 °C | 933 bp |
Elovl8 AR | GTGTGCTTCTGCCTTCTCCATCCTT | ORF validation | 59 °C | |
Elovl5 AF | GTCGCTTTCTCTCCCCCGCCTCTCA | ORF validation | 64 °C | 953 bp |
Elovl5 AR | CTACAGTGAGAATTGGGTGGCGGTTT | ORF validation | 60 °C | |
Fads2 AF | GCCAAAATCTGGATACTGTGTCAAA | ORF validation | 54 °C | 1628 bp |
Fads2 AR | AAGACACTGTAAGGCAACCAGAGAAA | ORF validation | 56 °C |
Ingredients (g/100 g Diet) | Dietary n-3 PUFA Levels | ||
---|---|---|---|
0.53 | 1.19 | 2.69 | |
Fish meal 1 | 22 | 22 | 22 |
Pork blood meal 2 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Chicken meal 3 | 18 | 18 | 18 |
Casein 4 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 17.5 |
Palm oil 5 | 3.41 | 2.53 | 0.66 |
DHA purified oil 6 | 0.2 | 0.73 | 1.87 |
EPA purified oil 7 | 0 | 0.35 | 1.08 |
Vitamin premix 8 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Mineral Premix 9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Starch | 16 | 16 | 16 |
Cellulose | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 |
Crude protein | 53.3 | 53.4 | 53.6 |
Crude lipid | 7.12 | 6.93 | 7.1 |
n-3 PUFA | 0.53 | 1.19 | 2.69 |
Fatty Acid | Dietary n-3 PUFA Levels | ||
---|---|---|---|
0.53 | 1.19 | 2.69 | |
14:0 | 1.01 | 1.27 | 2.04 |
16:0 | 28.18 | 23.55 | 10.16 |
18:0 | 10.26 | 8.75 | 9.40 |
16:1n-9 | 0.97 | 2.12 | 3.18 |
18:1n-7 | 0.80 | 0.87 | 0.91 |
18:1n-9 | 20.75 | 17.33 | 19.48 |
20:1n-9 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.21 |
22:1n-9 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
18:2n-6 (LA) | 18.13 | 13.06 | 5.99 |
18:3n-6 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.30 |
20:2n-6 | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.31 |
20:4n-6 (ARA) | 1.06 | 1.07 | 0.99 |
18:3n-3 (ALA) | 1.07 | 1.00 | 1.01 |
20:5n-3 (EPA) | 2.99 | 6.69 | 15.12 |
22:6n-3 (DHA) | 4.61 | 10.28 | 23.29 |
∑SFA | 39.45 | 33.57 | 21.60 |
∑MUFA | 22.73 | 20.54 | 23.87 |
∑n-3 PUFA | 7.60 | 16.97 | 38.41 |
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Wu, Q.; Zheng, Z.; Wang, C.; Wang, Y.; Sun, Y.; Gao, Y. Molecular Characterization, Tissue Distribution and Differential Nutritional Regulation of Three n-3 LC-PUFA Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂). Animals 2022, 12, 234. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030234
Wu Q, Zheng Z, Wang C, Wang Y, Sun Y, Gao Y. Molecular Characterization, Tissue Distribution and Differential Nutritional Regulation of Three n-3 LC-PUFA Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂). Animals. 2022; 12(3):234. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030234
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Qingjun, Zhi Zheng, Chuijin Wang, Yao Wang, Yuejia Sun, and Yujie Gao. 2022. "Molecular Characterization, Tissue Distribution and Differential Nutritional Regulation of Three n-3 LC-PUFA Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂)" Animals 12, no. 3: 234. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030234