Identification of Individuals of Two Takin Subspecies Using Biological and Ecological Criteria in Eastern Himalayas of China
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Research Area
2.2. Camera Trapping
2.3. Camera-Trapping Data Processing
2.3.1. Principle of Camera-Trapping Data Identification
2.3.2. Camera-Trapping Independent Site Full-Event Observation Method
2.3.3. Camera-Trapping Wildlife Identification Method
2.4. AI Image Correction Technology
2.5. Suitable Habitats
2.6. Population
2.7. Activity Rhythms
2.8. Animal Classification
2.9. Ethical Statement
3. Results
3.1. Identification Features of Mishmi Takin (B. taxicolor)
3.2. Identification Features of Bhutan Takin (B. whitei)
3.3. Seasonal Traits
3.4. Suitable Habitats for the Two Takin Subspecies
3.5. Populations of the Two Takin Subspecies
3.6. Activity Rhythms of the Two Takin Subspecies
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Survey Areas | Number of Camera Stations | Elevation Range | Number of Camera-Days | Number of Photographs | Number of Independent Photographs of Budorcas | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B. taxicolor | B. whitei | |||||
Bixiri Area | 11 | 2235–3479 m | 2794 | 12,294 | 832 | |
Nibi Area | 13 | 2256–3509 m | 2354 | 13,892 | 648 | |
South Bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River Area | 10 | 582–668 m | 1880 | 16,751 | ||
Uma Mountain Area | 6 | 1751–3145 m | 1374 | 6942 | 3 | |
Raj Mountain Area | 8 | 1631–2086 m | 1968 | 8467 | ||
DanGeZhuo Area | 3 | 954–1434 m | 630 | 684 | ||
GeDang Ditch Area | 36 | 2230–4470 m | 8691 | 10,713 | 843 | |
MeiYuLunBa Area | 2 | 1751–2315 m | 294 | 5172 | ||
XiGong River Area | 6 | 1124–1590 m | 1080 | 6532 | ||
DeYang Ditch Area | 8 | 815–1294 m | 1360 | 6359 | 7 | |
North of the Grand Canyon | 31 | 3650–4700 m | 5580 | 4578 | 2504 | |
DeErGong Area | 80 | 1750–2890 m | 30,500 | 11,980 | ||
Total | 214 | 582–4700 m | 58,505 | 104,364 | 1685 | 3152 |
Budorcas | Ips | Camera-Days | MCV | D1 | D2 | /x ± SE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B. taxicolor | 1685 | 1238 | 1.36 | 0.1738 | 0.1720 | 0.1729 ± 0.0134 |
B. whitei | 3152 | 1594 | 1.98 | 0.1429 | 0.1289 | 0.1359 ± 0.0264 |
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Wang, Y.; Lv, Y.; Wang, G.; Liu, F.; Ji, Y.; Liu, Z.; Zhao, W.; Liu, W.; Dun Zhu, P.B.; Jin, K. Identification of Individuals of Two Takin Subspecies Using Biological and Ecological Criteria in Eastern Himalayas of China. Animals 2024, 14, 2426. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14162426
Wang Y, Lv Y, Wang G, Liu F, Ji Y, Liu Z, Zhao W, Liu W, Dun Zhu PB, Jin K. Identification of Individuals of Two Takin Subspecies Using Biological and Ecological Criteria in Eastern Himalayas of China. Animals. 2024; 14(16):2426. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14162426
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Yuan, Yonglei Lv, Guanglong Wang, Feng Liu, Yingxun Ji, Zheng Liu, Wanglin Zhao, Wulin Liu, Pu Bu Dun Zhu, and Kun Jin. 2024. "Identification of Individuals of Two Takin Subspecies Using Biological and Ecological Criteria in Eastern Himalayas of China" Animals 14, no. 16: 2426. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14162426