Maternal Perinatal Depression, Alexithymia, and Couple Functioning: Which Relationship Exists with Prenatal Attachment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Hypothesis
2.2. Participants and Procedure
2.3. Measures
2.3.1. Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS)
2.3.2. Twenty-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20)
2.3.3. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
2.3.4. Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS)
2.4. Analytic Strategy
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | M ± SD | N (%) |
---|---|---|
Age | 33.69 ± 4.61 | |
Marital status | ||
Single | 22 (6.1%) | |
Married | 149 (41.2%) | |
Cohabiting | 175 (48.3%) | |
Separated | 2 (0.6%) | |
Missing | 14 (3.9%) | |
Education | ||
Middle School diploma | 1 (0.3%) | |
High School diploma | 88 (24.3%) | |
University degree | 259 (71.5%) | |
Missing | 14 (3.9%) | |
Occupation | ||
Student | 2 (0.6%) | |
Artisan | 2 (0.6%) | |
Employee | 289 (79.8%) | |
Freelance | 41 (11.3%) | |
Trader | 12 (3.3%) | |
Homemaker | 4 (1.1%) | |
Unemployed | 12 (3.3%) | |
Symptoms of perinatal depression | ||
Low or no level | 269 (74.3%) | |
Moderate level | 63 (17.4%) | |
Probable depression | 30 (8.3%) |
Skewness | Kurtosis | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Median | SD | Minimum | Maximum | Skewness | SE | Kurtosis | SE | |
Prenatal attachment | 46.57 | 47 | 3.84 | 33 | 53 | −0.604 | 0.131 | 0.0386 | 0.262 |
TAS_F1 | 10.29 | 9 | 4.04 | 7 | 26 | 1.486 | 0.130 | 1.6742 | 0.260 |
TAS_F2 | 9.22 | 8 | 3.72 | 5 | 22 | 1.008 | 0.130 | 0.6031 | 0.260 |
TAS_F3 | 15.43 | 15 | 4.17 | 8 | 29 | 0.392 | 0.130 | −0.3297 | 0.260 |
Perinatal depression | 6.09 | 6 | 4.02 | 0 | 21 | 0.755 | 0.130 | 0.4052 | 0.260 |
Dyadic_Cons | 55.95 | 56.5 | 5.81 | 35 | 65 | −0.703 | 0.130 | 0.247 | 0.260 |
Dyadic_Satisf | 44.26 | 45 | 3.83 | 29 | 51 | −1.148 | 0.130 | 1.8496 | 0.260 |
Dyadic_Aff_Expr | 10.35 | 11 | 1.73 | 4 | 12 | −1.029 | 0.130 | 0.4187 | 0.260 |
Dyadic_Cohes | 17.84 | 18 | 3.42 | 7 | 24 | −0.458 | 0.130 | −0.0573 | 0.260 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Prenatal attachment | — | ||||||||
2. TAS_F1 | −0.392 *** | — | |||||||
3. TAS_F2 | −0.325 *** | 0.536 *** | — | ||||||
4. TAS_F3 | −0.311 *** | 0.265 *** | 0.387 *** | — | |||||
5. Dyadic_Satisf | 0.213 *** | −0.323 *** | −0.285 *** | −0.081 | — | ||||
6. Dyadic_Aff_Expr | 0.162 ** | −0.317 *** | −0.282 *** | −0.087 | 0.557 *** | — | |||
7. Dyadic_Cohes | 0.259 *** | −0.137 * | −0.208 *** | −0.181 *** | 0.444 *** | 0.344 *** | — | ||
8. Dyadic_Cons | 0.261 *** | −0.385 *** | −0.351 *** | −0.115 * | 0.631 *** | 0.516 *** | 0.406 *** | — | |
9. Perinatal depression | −0.374 *** | 0.477 *** | 0.384 *** | 0.253 *** | −0.327 *** | −0.285 *** | −0.159 ** | −0.416 *** | — |
Predictor | B | SE | t | p | β | Lower | Upper |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | 49.611 | 2.800 | 17.717 | <0.001 | |||
TAS_F1 | −0.209 | 0.058 | −3.629 | <0.001 | −0.220 | −0.3396 | −0.1008 |
TAS_F2 | −0.050 | 0.061 | −0.812 | 0.417 | −0.048 | −0.1657 | 0.0689 |
TAS_F3 | −0.143 | 0.048 | −2.979 | 0.003 | −0.155 | −0.2572 | −0.0526 |
Perinatal depression | −0.186 | 0.054 | −3.441 | <0.001 | −0.194 | −0.3057 | −0.0833 |
Dyadic_Aff_Expr | −0.124 | 0.131 | −0.952 | 0.342 | −0.056 | −0.1713 | 0.0596 |
Dyadic_Cohes | 0.198 | 0.061 | 3.245 | 0.001 | 0.175 | 0.0689 | 0.2811 |
Dyadic_Satisf | −0.002 | 0.067 | −0.030 | 0.976 | −0.002 | −0.1306 | 0.1267 |
Dyadic_Cons | 0.013 | 0.044 | 0.298 | 0.766 | 0.020 | −0.1097 | 0.1488 |
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Mangialavori, S.; Fontana, A.; Terrone, G.; Topino, E.; Trani, L.; Trincia, V.; Lisi, G.; Ducci, G.; Cacioppo, M. Maternal Perinatal Depression, Alexithymia, and Couple Functioning: Which Relationship Exists with Prenatal Attachment. Behav. Sci. 2024, 14, 773. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14090773
Mangialavori S, Fontana A, Terrone G, Topino E, Trani L, Trincia V, Lisi G, Ducci G, Cacioppo M. Maternal Perinatal Depression, Alexithymia, and Couple Functioning: Which Relationship Exists with Prenatal Attachment. Behavioral Sciences. 2024; 14(9):773. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14090773
Chicago/Turabian StyleMangialavori, Sonia, Andrea Fontana, Grazia Terrone, Eleonora Topino, Lucrezia Trani, Valeria Trincia, Giulia Lisi, Giuseppe Ducci, and Marco Cacioppo. 2024. "Maternal Perinatal Depression, Alexithymia, and Couple Functioning: Which Relationship Exists with Prenatal Attachment" Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 9: 773. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14090773