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Behavioral Sciences, Volume 9, Issue 7

2019 July - 16 articles

Cover Story: Executive functions refer to a class of cognitive processes which are crucial when a flexible adjustment of behaviour is required in order to correspond to changing environmental demands. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test provides a renowned tool to measure executive components, such as set-shifting and inhibitory processes. Here, participants learn to pay attention and respond to relevant stimuli features, while ignoring irrelevant ones, as a function of experimental feedback. An intriguing aspect of such an experimental setting regards how individual responses (e.g., feedback-related and perseverative errors) change as the task unfolds. In this work, the authors proposed a dynamic framework to formally account for such a performance trend at a group level of analysis. Results showed how this approach can provide a novel interesting metric for the cognitive assessment of test outcomes. View this paper
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Articles (16)

  • Review
  • Open Access
47 Citations
16,074 Views
37 Pages

A Systematic Review on the Possible Relationship Between Bilingualism, Cognitive Decline, and the Onset of Dementia

  • Maurits Van den Noort,
  • Katrien Vermeire,
  • Peggy Bosch,
  • Heike Staudte,
  • Trudy Krajenbrink,
  • Lars Jaswetz,
  • Esli Struys,
  • Sujung Yeo,
  • Pia Barisch and
  • Sabina Lim
  • + 2 authors

23 July 2019

A systematic review was conducted to investigate whether bilingualism has a protective effect against cognitive decline in aging and can protect against dementia. We searched the Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and ERIC databases with a cut-off date...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,369 Views
13 Pages

Hospitalized Patients with Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms: Clinical Context and Economic Costs of Healthcare Management

  • Nicola Poloni,
  • Ivano Caselli,
  • Marta Ielmini,
  • Michele Mattia,
  • Alessandra De Leo,
  • Marco Di Sarno,
  • Celeste Isella,
  • Alessandro Bellini and
  • Camilla Callegari

19 July 2019

Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms (MUPS) are physical symptoms without a medical explanation. This study collected data from hospitalized patients presenting MUPS, aiming to draw a clinical and socio-demographic profile of patients with MUPS, t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,531 Views
13 Pages

18 July 2019

Higher-order cognitive functions can be seen as a class of cognitive processes which are crucial in situations requiring a flexible adjustment of behaviour in response to changing demands of the environment. The cognitive assessment of these function...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,123 Views
8 Pages

Heroin Overdose-Related Child and Adolescent Hospitalizations: Insight on Comorbid Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders

  • Uwandu Queeneth,
  • Narmada N. Bhimanadham,
  • Pranita Mainali,
  • Henry K. Onyeaka,
  • Amaya Pankaj and
  • Rikinkumar S. Patel

13 July 2019

Objective: To evaluate the association between psychiatric comorbidities, substance use disorders and heroin overdose-related hospitalizations (HOD). Next, to understand the demographic trend of HOD hospitalizations and comorbidities. Methods: Using...

  • Brief Report
  • Open Access
32 Citations
5,579 Views
8 Pages

13 July 2019

Emotional problems, such as anxiety and depression, are a relevant co-morbidity in severe asthma. Anxiety and depression may also be common in the parents of asthmatic adolescents. The current study evaluated anxious and depressive symptoms in 40 ado...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,690 Views
13 Pages

12 July 2019

Mathematical achievement during the first years of primary school seems to be a reliable predictor of students’ later performance. In addition, cognitive, metacognitive, and psychological parameters are considered to be factors related to mathe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5,731 Views
13 Pages

10 July 2019

The article presents the self-evaluation indicators of the causes of criminal behavior committed by persons serving a custodial sentence at X institution, focusing on imprisonment and modeling of life prospects after release from prison. The main ide...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
18,304 Views
15 Pages

Social Skills in Children at Home and in Preschool

  • Maryam Maleki,
  • Abbas Mardani,
  • Minoo Mitra Chehrzad,
  • Mostafa Dianatinasab and
  • Mojtaba Vaismoradi

Preschool age is a crucial period for social development. Social skills acquired during this period are the basis for future life’s success. This study aimed to investigate the level of social skills in preschool children at home and in prescho...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
9,818 Views
13 Pages

Conduct Disorder-Related Hospitalization and Substance Use Disorders in American Teens

  • Anum Masroor,
  • Rikinkumar S. Patel,
  • Narmada N. Bhimanadham,
  • Sanjeetha Raveendran,
  • Naveed Ahmad,
  • Uwandu Queeneth,
  • Amaya Pankaj and
  • Zeeshan Mansuri

Objective: Our study aimed to compare the demographic characteristics of conduct disorder (CD) inpatients versus other psychiatric inpatients in children and adolescents, and assess the association between conduct disorder patients and the spectrum o...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
5,789 Views
23 Pages

The purpose of this study is to consider the factors that influence fatigue related to physical activity in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and to identify the necessary adaptations undertaken by patients to remain active. A review using a th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,340 Views
25 Pages

A second-price auction with eye movement recordings was used to investigate consumer preferences for labels disclosing the presence and absence of specific types of insecticides and to explore the relationship between visual attention and consumer pu...

  • Protocol
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,908 Views
15 Pages

The prevalence of obesity with comorbid binge eating behaviour is growing at a faster rate than that seen for either obesity or eating disorders as separate conditions. Approximately 6% of the population are affected and they potentially face a lifet...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4,909 Views
17 Pages

28 June 2019

Field research shows that people’s network positions are determined, at least in part, by their traits. For instance, over time, actors higher in trait-level neuroticism move out to the network periphery. What is unknown is how this happens. Dr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,269 Views
15 Pages

Electroacupuncture Reduces Seizure Activity and Enhances GAD 67 and Glutamate Transporter Expression in Kainic Acid Induced Status Epilepticus in Infant Rats

  • Angelica Vega-García,
  • Teresa Neri-Gómez,
  • Vinnitsa Buzoianu-Anguiano,
  • Christian Guerra-Araiza,
  • Julia Segura-Uribe,
  • Iris Feria-Romero and
  • Sandra Orozco-Suarez

27 June 2019

Status epilepticus (SE) is one of the most significant complications in pediatric neurology. Clinical studies have shown positive effects of electroacupuncture (EA) as a therapeutic alternative in the control of partial seizures and secondary general...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,704 Views
24 Pages

Contours of Positive Mental Health: An Exploratory Delphi Study from India

  • Diptarup Chowdhury,
  • Ahalya Raguram and
  • Seema Mehrotra

26 June 2019

The need to broaden attention from a narrow focus on mental illness and pathology to investing in understanding and enhancing positive mental health is well recognized. The bulk of research on positive mental health tends to be largely based onwester...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
6,779 Views
15 Pages

26 June 2019

Body awareness was studied experimentally in the rat snakes Elaphe radiata. The experimental design required that the snakes take into account the limits of their bodies when choosing a suitable hole for penetration into the shelter. The experimental...

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Behav. Sci. - ISSN 2076-328X