Novel Modelling Approach for Obtaining the Parameters of Low Ionosphere under Extreme Radiation in X-Spectral Range
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. SFs Impact
2.1. Monitoring SF
2.2. Used Numerical Methods
2.2.1. Two-Component Exponential Model and Simulations
2.2.2. FlarED’ Method
2.2.3. Approximate Analytic Expression
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Analyses of SF Events
3.2. Approximative Expressions and Simulations
3.3. Comparison of Results
4. Conclusions and Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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SF Tim | SID VLF Signatures | SF Data | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SF (Class, Date) | Start [UT] | Peak [UT] | End [UT] | ΔA [dB] | ΔP [deg] | Δt [min] | Ix max XL [Wm−2] | Active Region |
M1.3 10.05.2013 | 12:37 | 12:56 | 13:04 | 4.20 | 68.19 | 0 | 1.36 × 10−5 | 1745 |
C2.5 10.05.2013 | 14:30 | 14:37 | 14:42 | 1.06 | 19.20 | 1 | 2.59 × 10−6 | 1745 |
M1.8 12.06.2014 | 09:23 | 09:37 | 09:42 | 4.50 | 51.47 | 4 | 1.81 × 10−5 | 2085 |
M2.7 12.06.2014 | 10:14 | 10:21 | 10:27 | 5.72 | 83.01 | 2 | 2.74 × 10−5 | 2087 |
X1.0 11.06.2014 | 08:59 | 09:06 | 09:10 | 5.54 | 90.45 | 3 | 1.00 × 10−4 | 2087 |
X1.3 07.09.2017 | 14:20 | 14:36 | 14:55 | 4.50 | 159 | 1 | 1.39 × 10−4 | 2673 |
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Srećković, V.A.; Šulić, D.M.; Vujčić, V.; Mijić, Z.R.; Ignjatović, L.M. Novel Modelling Approach for Obtaining the Parameters of Low Ionosphere under Extreme Radiation in X-Spectral Range. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 11574. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112311574
Srećković VA, Šulić DM, Vujčić V, Mijić ZR, Ignjatović LM. Novel Modelling Approach for Obtaining the Parameters of Low Ionosphere under Extreme Radiation in X-Spectral Range. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(23):11574. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112311574
Chicago/Turabian StyleSrećković, Vladimir A., Desanka M. Šulić, Veljko Vujčić, Zoran R. Mijić, and Ljubinko M. Ignjatović. 2021. "Novel Modelling Approach for Obtaining the Parameters of Low Ionosphere under Extreme Radiation in X-Spectral Range" Applied Sciences 11, no. 23: 11574. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112311574
APA StyleSrećković, V. A., Šulić, D. M., Vujčić, V., Mijić, Z. R., & Ignjatović, L. M. (2021). Novel Modelling Approach for Obtaining the Parameters of Low Ionosphere under Extreme Radiation in X-Spectral Range. Applied Sciences, 11(23), 11574. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112311574