Statistical Tolerance Analysis of 3D-Printed Non-Assembly Mechanisms in Motion Using Empirical Predictive Models
Abstract
:1. Introduction and Motivation
2. State-of-the-Art and Related Work
2.1. Tolerance Analysis of Systems in Motion Considering Joint Clearance and Geometric Deviations
2.2. Geometric Part Deviations in FDM
2.3. Investigating Geometric Part Deviations in FDM Using Empirical Predictive Models
2.4. Discussion of the State-of-the-Art
3. Statistical Tolerance Analysis of 3D Printed Non-Assembly Mechanisms in Motion
3.1. Tolerance Analysis of Systems in Motion Considering Joint Clearance
3.2. Determination of Geometric Part Deviations Using Empirical Predictive Models
3.3. Sampling Technique
4. Application
4.1. Presentation of the Case Study
4.2. Tolerance Analysis Model
4.3. Empirical Predictive Models
4.4. Results of the Tolerance Analysis
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions and Outlook
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ABS | Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene |
AM | Additive Manufacturing |
CoP | Coefficient of prognosis |
DoE | Design of experiment |
DoF | Degree of Freedom |
FDM | Fused Deposition modelling |
FKC | Functional key characteristic |
MBS | Multi-body-simulation |
ML | Machine learning |
SLA | Stereolithography |
SLM | Selective Laser Melting |
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Definition | Design Parameter | Nominal Value |
---|---|---|
Linkage 1 | 81 mm | |
Linkage 2a | 116 mm | |
Linkage 2b | 87 mm | |
Linkage 3 | 161 mm | |
Linkage 4 | 60 mm | |
Linkage 5 | 53 mm | |
Linkage AC | 203.5 mm | |
Angle | 215° | |
Radial clearance | 0.4 mm | |
Planar clearance | 0.2540 mm |
Parameters | Factor Levels |
---|---|
Layer height | 0.1778 mm; 0.2540 mm |
Seam style | align; random |
Build orientation Z-direction | 0°; 90° |
Linkage length | 53 mm; 87 mm; 161 mm |
Empirical Predictive Model | CoP Value | RMSE Value [mm] |
---|---|---|
SVM Joint clearance | 0.9216 | 0.0356 |
GP Joint clearance | 0.9183 | 0.0362 |
SVM Tolerance value | 0.8906 | 0.0666 |
GP Tolerance value | 0.8926 | 0.0653 |
Parameter Set 1 | Parameter Set 2 | |
---|---|---|
Layer height | 0.1778 mm | 0.2540 mm |
Build orientation Z | 0° | 90° |
Seam Style | random | align |
Parameter Set 1 | Parameter Set 2 | |
---|---|---|
Predicted tolerance | 0.36 mm | 0.47 mm |
Predicted deviation of clearance c | 0.04 mm | 0.14 mm |
Deviation FKC | 2.21 mm | 2.58 mm |
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Schaechtl, P.; Schleich, B.; Wartzack, S. Statistical Tolerance Analysis of 3D-Printed Non-Assembly Mechanisms in Motion Using Empirical Predictive Models. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 1860. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041860
Schaechtl P, Schleich B, Wartzack S. Statistical Tolerance Analysis of 3D-Printed Non-Assembly Mechanisms in Motion Using Empirical Predictive Models. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(4):1860. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041860
Chicago/Turabian StyleSchaechtl, Paul, Benjamin Schleich, and Sandro Wartzack. 2021. "Statistical Tolerance Analysis of 3D-Printed Non-Assembly Mechanisms in Motion Using Empirical Predictive Models" Applied Sciences 11, no. 4: 1860. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041860
APA StyleSchaechtl, P., Schleich, B., & Wartzack, S. (2021). Statistical Tolerance Analysis of 3D-Printed Non-Assembly Mechanisms in Motion Using Empirical Predictive Models. Applied Sciences, 11(4), 1860. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041860